• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

Marsh calm(Corbicular elatior)with a short-term storage in raw and a law-rate of utilization has been increasing the needs to develop new marsh calm processing products for a temporary mass treatment and long-term distribution, Therefore the processing conditions of marsh calm beverage using proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis were investigated. A partial hydrolysis at 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour after adding 3% Alcalase as more effective than a hot water extraction to develop taste compounds from the marsh calm. The result of ommission test showed that nucleotides and their related compounds were contributed in the taste of the marsh calm hydrolysates rather than free amino acids. The taste of the hydrolysates was produced by association with these compounds rather than only one compound s the hydrolystes taste differently for the control when one of these compound was omitted. The hydrolysates were fractionated to molecular weight below 500 dalton to eliminate bitter taste and to improve it flavor from the hydrolysates, 0.05% bay leaf was more effective to improve the odor than other herbs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

A purification method was established for high-purity chondroitin sulfate from skate cartilage. Hydrolytic extraction of skate backbone cartilage was investigated with the proteases alcalase and protamex, and the extraction contents of chondroitin sulfate were measured with several physicochemical processes. The yield of extract from skate cartilage with $40^{\circ}Brix$ concentration was 23.3% with 2% alcalase hydrolysis, which was decreased to 8.47% and 3.37% with the first and second additional ethanol purifications, respectively. The yield was 16.62% with one ethanol purification after hydrolysis with a mixture of 1% alcalase and 1% protamex. The content of chondroitin sulfate was measured as 39.88-45.08% with different ratios of ethanol solvent. The content was 42.92% at a solvent ratio of 1:1 with alcalase protease and 45.08% with a ratio of 1:2 using a protease mixture of alcalase and protamex. The molecular weight range of chondroitin sulfate was about 110-310 thousand Da, and the purity of chondroitin sulfate was 24.87-49.92% with a mixture of alcalase and protamex in GPC analysis. The maximum purity of chondroitin sulfate was 53.93% after ultrafiltration. The odor strength of chondroitin sulfate was decreased by 33% and 38% after ethanol purification and additional filtration with activated carbon, respectively. The odor concentration of ammonia and TMA from chondroitin sulfate was decreased by 52.1% and 37.89% with activated carbon filtration and two ethanol purifications, respectively, but it was necessary to eliminate the odor components efficiently using additional physicochemical processes.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the odor reduction efficiency of a biofilter desist using different filter materials. The summary of results are as follows; 1. The airflow penetration rate of the different filter materials namely; rice straw, woodchips, rice hulls and sawdust were 0.72 m/s, 0.64 m/s, 0.48 m/s and 0.17 m/s, respectively. 2. The elimination of $NH_3$ gas was fastest in the rice hull at a rate of 4 mg/${\iota}$ followed by sawdust, woodchips and rice straw at 3 mg/${\iota}$, 3 mg/${\iota}$ and 7 mg/${\iota}$, respectively. 3. The filter material made of wood chips was able to eliminate the offensive gas known as $H_2S$ at a rate of 2.2 mg/${\iota}$ on the 7th day, 17.6 mg/${\iota}$ on the 21st day but decreased to 10.7 mg/${\iota}$ on the 36th day. In contrast, the filter material composed of sawdust had a continuous increase in the reduction of $H_2S$ at a rate of 12.3 mg/${\iota}$ on the 7th day, 18.3 mg/${\iota}$ on the 21st day and 20.1 mg/${\iota}$ on the 36th day. The above findings indicated that among the filter materials, sawdust was the most effective in absorbing $H_2S$. Airflow penetration rate can be related to $H_2S$ odor elimination efficiency as shown by the slowest airflow rate of sawdust which is only 0.17 m/s.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the health status of residents who were exposed to the Iksan industrial area in the living environment and those who were not exposed to such a source of industrial activity through a questionnaire survey designed to appraise the residents' health levels. Method: The authors conducted a health questionnaire survey of 1,012 residents around Iksan regarding their personal information, physician-diagnosed disease history, odors experienced, and more. Logistic regression was performed to identify the associations between hazardous chemical exposure and physician-diagnosed diseases. Result: Logistic regression shows significant differences in allergic rhinitis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, liver disease, and osteoporosis. Odors were experienced by 88.0% of the survey group. The seasons were summer (71%) and spring (24.9%). Conclusion: For allergic rhinitis, cerebral cardiovascular disease, and hypertension, which were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group in the disease diagnosis and disease treatment history of physicians, it was difficult to completely eliminate the association with odor exposure in the Iksan Industrial Complex. It is considered that it has affected nearby residents. This study means that a correlation between chronic diseases has been found through regression analysis, and furthermore, this result can be used as a basis for sampling for secondary epidemiological surveys.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.279-283
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• 2003

This study was carried out to establish the manufacturing formulation of tea-bag type garlic tea. In order to eliminate of garlic-specific odor and taste, the masking effect of various additives against garlic flavor was determined with sensory evaluation. Leaves of green tea, arrowroot and Solomon's seal were screened as highly effective auxiliary ingredients in garlic tea. When two materials among the selected three auxiliary materials were mixed the same percentage, overall flavor of garlic tea synergistically was enhanced. The optimum concentration of garlic powder and stevioside as a sweetener were 20∼30％ and 1％, respectively. Therefore, three types formulation of garlic tea was establish. When the color, turbidity and total solid concentration of three formulated garlic teas were compared with those of commercially available formulated green tea containing unpolished rice, the latter was more yellowish color and the former was more superior to turbidity and total solid concentration.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.113-129
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• 1998

To suggest the separate collection system of garbage in household, people's disposition was evaluated. It was indicated that garbage be collected daily to minimize the odor which was major nuisance from garbage. However, most people wanted to discharge garbage in two or three days interval, as they did not prefer frequent handling. So, proper size of garbage container was determined as two to three days capacity. In contrast with it, it was major opinion that dicharged garbage should be collected everyday by local government to eliminate the outdoor pollution. Plastic bag was the most popular container, as it could be used instantly. Price of the bag affected on the efficiency of reduction and separate collection of garbage. Low price increased the separate collection and decreased the reduction, while high price introduced the opposite result. So, the dual price system was suggested to enhance both objectives.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.748-757
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• 2019

The objective of the present study was to evaluate effects of probiotic mixture (PM) including Bacillus subtillus, Streptomyces galilaeus and Sphingobacteriaceae on egg production, egg quality, and eliminating odor in laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (50 wks of age) were divided into four treatment groups (60 replicates of birds, each) in completely randomized design. Groups were assigned to four experimental diets: CON (a basal diet of no PM additive as control), basal diet supplemented with either CP3 (0.3% commercial probiotics), PM3 (0.3% PM), or PM5 (0.5% PM 0.5). Data of egg production and egg quality were obtained during 6 weeks of experimental period. Egg production, Haugh unit, shell thickness, breaking strength, yolk color, and albumin high were significantly increased in CP3 and PM3 compared to those in CON and CP3. Ammonia levels and numbers of E. coli, total aerobic bacteria, Coliform, and Salmonella in feces were significantly increased in order of CON>CP3>PM3>PM5. The present study indicates that addition of 0.3% probiotic mixture including B. subtillus, S. galilaeus and Sphingobacteriaceae to diets may improve egg production, egg quality, and eliminate fecal ammonia of laying hens.