• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.738-741
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• 2004

Three lignans isolated from the roots of A. koreanum (Araliaceae), namely eleutheroside E(1), tortoside A(2), and hemiariensin(4), were evaluated for their ability to inhibit NFAT transcription factor. Of these compounds, compound 4, possessing a diarylbutane skeleton, exhibited potent inhibitory activity against NFAT transcription factor (($IC_{50}$ ： 36.3${\pm}2.5{\mu}\textrm{M}$). However, the activities of 1 (($IC_{50}$：＞500 11M) and 2 (($IC_{50}$： 136.1 ${\pm}9.4\mu\textrm{M}$), which possess bisaryldioxabicy-clooctane skeletons, were lower. As the lignan derivatives of the same skeletons, hinokinin (5) and (-)-yatein (6) with diarylbutane skeletons and(＋)-syringaresinol (3) with a bisaryldioxabicy-clooctane skeleton were also studied for their inhibitory effects on NFAT transcription factor.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2008

The antioxidant activity and the qualitative analysis of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman were studied by partially purified extract using various methods: extraction by using ethanol solutions and temperatures, and absorption to Diaion HP20 column chromatography using 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% ethanol solutions. Major constituents, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, eleutheroside E, was determinated by HPLC method in Acanthopanax sessiliflorum S. 10% and 20% ethanol solutions contain chlorogenic acid (3.020$\pm$0.080%, 20.500$\pm$1.150%, respectively). 40% ethanol solution contains caffeic acid and eleutheroside E (12.270$\pm$0.360%, 1.670$\pm$0.140%, respectively). Diaion HP20 fractions (10%, 20%, 40%, 60% ethanol solutions) showed the scavenging activity of radicals and reactive oxygen species with the $IC_{50}$ values of $81.534{\pm}0.992{\mu}g/ml$, $1.748{\pm}0.098{\mu}g/ml$, $11.487{\pm}1.768{\mu}g/ml$, $21.960{\pm}0.547{\mu}g/ml$ against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazly radical and $1713.548{\pm}34.565{\mu}g/ml$, $131.419{\pm}2.235{\mu}g/ml$, $200.681{\pm}2.444{\mu}g/ml$, $757.897{\pm}6.868{\mu}g/ml$ against superoxide radicals in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. Especially, 20% and 40% ethanol fractions showed more antioxidant activity than dl-$\alpha$-tocopherol. These results suggest that Acanthopanax sessiliflorum S. extract and Diaion HP20 fractions may be useful as a potential source of nutraceutical and cosmetic products.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.373-383
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• 2022

Inflammation caused by active oxygen and the resulting barrier damage have been consistently pointed out as the cause of wrinkle formation. In this study, effective index ingredient search and efficacy analysis were performed to verify the value of use as a functional cosmetic material related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin barrier improvement, and anti-aging for extracts of four types of Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis (ED), Eleutherococcus senticosus (EN), Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus (ES), and Eleutherococcus sieboldianus (EI) belonging to the Eleutherococcus genus. To identify the effective index composition, the content of the ingredients was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The content of eleutheroside E and chlorogenic acid was the highest in ED among the Eleutherococcus genus. As for anti-oxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in ED. In anti-inflammatory effects, ED extracts inhibited nitric oxide generation in inflammatory macrophage cells due to lipopolysaccharide by 40% at 100 ㎍/mL. In the case of IL-6 inhibition, which is known as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, ED showed 41% inhibition at 100 ㎍/mL. In addition, filaggrin and involucrin, which are skin barrier-related factors, were increased by 2.5 times and 1.6 times, respectively, in 100 ㎍/mL of ED extracts, and as for the collagenase, which is a wrinkle-related factor, ED extract showed 29% efficacy at 100 ㎍/mL. Thus, these result suggested that ED extract, among the four Eleutherococcus genus, can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for suppressing inflammation in the skin, reinforcing the skin barrier, and reducing wrinkles.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.242-252
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• 2013

This study was evaluated to biological activity of breeding lines from Acantopanax( A. sessiliflorus: ASF, A. koreanum: AKN, A. chiicanensis: ACS, A. senticosus: AST) and parts(root, stem, fruit, and leaf) and various extracted solvents( 100% water, 100% EtOH, 50% EtOH). Total polyphenol content of AKN root in 100% water extracts was high detected 464.46 mg/100 g. Total flavonoid content in the leaf was significantly higher than in other parts. The content of total sugars was high in the 50% EtOH extracts and fruit. The major free amino acids were arginine in all extracts. The content of arginine was detected in the root of AKN(1.807 mg/100 mg). Contents of eleutheroside B, E were high detected in 100% water extracts. Antioxidative capacity in the leaves of AKN was the higher than other extracts($EC_{50}=84.8{\mu}g/mL$). The results would be useful for understanding of the physiological properties of AKN extracts.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 1996

Acanthopanax divaricatus Seem. is a medicinal plant growing widely through out Korea, Japan and China. The plant material of Acanthopanax spp. is used as analgesic , tonic, sedative drug as well as for the treatment of hypertension, rheumatism and diabetes. From the stem barks and root barks of A. divaricatus, diterpenoid compound was isolated and identified as pamaric acid ($C_{20}H_{30}O_2,\;mp\;164^{\circ}C$), lignan compounds were isolated and identified as d-sesamin ($C_{20}H_{18}O_6,\;mp\;123{\sim}124^{\circ}C$), eletheroside E ($C_{34}H_{46}O_{18},\;mp\;257{\sim}259^{\circ}C$), three sterol compounds were identified as ${\beta}$-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and six fatty acid compounds were identified as stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and behenic acid. And also leaves of A. divaricatus, chiisanoside were identified, one of secotriterpenoidal compound(white amorphorous powder crystal, mp $228^{\circ}C$). Anticancer activity and nephrotoxicity were tested by MTT assay. Anticancer effect of chiisanoside was much lower than that of cisplatin.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.71-76
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• 2013

Objectives : The biological activities and compound contents of herbal medicine vary depending on manufacturing processes. In this study, we compared anti-inflammatory effects and compound contents of three kinds of multi-herbal extract HT008 produced by different manufacturing processes in order to determine chemical and biological equivalence. Methods : HT008 was produced by three different manufacturing methods: 1. Freeze dried extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Scutellaria baicalensis and Angelica sinensis (HT008 FD), 2. Spray dried extract of E. senticosus and S. baicalensis combined with reflux extract of A. sinensis (HT008 SD), 3. Spray dried extract of E. senticosus and S. baicalensis combined with supercritial fluid extract of A. sinensis (HT008 SF). Anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using acetic acid induced pain model and ${\lambda}$-carageenan induced paw edema model. Compound contents were evaluated by HPLC quantitative analysis of standard compounds of HT008, eleutheroside E, baicalin, z-ligustilide. Results : HT008 FD, HT008 SD and HT008 SF significantly decreased acetic acid induced pain index and ${\lambda}$-carrageenan induced paw edema volume compared with that of control group. There was no significant difference in efficacy among the HT008 FD, HT008 SD and HT008 SF. Standard compound contents of HT008 FD, HT008 SD and HT008 SF were quantified within the range of Korean pharmacopoeia or other research. Conclusions : Three different manufacturing methods of multi-herbal extracts have been developed without noticeable difference in the efficacy or compound contents. The results might be used to establish manufacturing process and industrialization of herbal extracts.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.48-63
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• 2024

This study investigated the 𝛽-glucosidase activity of lactic acid bacteria and specifically eleutheroside E and B from Acanthopanax senticosus after bioconverting them into syringaresinol (SYR). Out of 125 lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from kimchi and other sources, 46 exhibiting both extracellular and internal 𝛽-glucosidase activity were identified. Notably, strains LFFR 20-011 (Lactobacillus curvatus) and LFFR 20-043/LFR20-050 (Levilactobacillus brevis) enhanced SYR production by more than two-fold during Acanthopanax senticosus fermentation. Further investigation revealed that SYR significantly promoted osteoblast differentiation, as evidenced by the increased mRNA expression levels of early and mature osteoblast markers, including Runx2, type I collagen, and osteocalcin. These findings suggested that the enhanced presence of SYR through bioconversion by Acanthopanax senticosus may improve bone health. These results provide foundational data supporting the development of lactic-acid-bacteria-fermented Acanthopanax senticosus as a functional food aimed at promoting skeletal health in older adults.