• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.30 no.sup
• /
• pp.3.1-3.11
• /
• 2015

Objectives This study presents the indicators and proxy variables for the quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies and evaluates the relative importance of each assessment element by consulting experts from the fields of ecology, chemistry, safety, and public health. Methods The results collected were subjected to an analytic hierarchy process to obtain the weights of the indicators and the proxy variables. Results These weights may prove useful in avoiding having to resort to qualitative means in absence of weights between indicators when integrating the results of quantitative assessment by indicator. Conclusions This study points to the limitations of current quantitative assessment techniques for green chemistry technologies and seeks to present the future direction for quantitative assessment of green chemistry technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09b
• /
• pp.834-835
• /
• 2006

Manganese is an alloying element that improves the hardenability of steels. It could be a valid substitute in sintered steels, increasing mechanical properties. The hardenability of three low alloy Mn steels was studied to establish the influence of manganese on the heat treatments. The Grossmann approach was adopted, which uses cylinders with different diameters to induce different gradients of cooling rate in the cross section. The correlation of microstructure and microhardness to the actual cooling rate makes the results independent on the process parameters and applicable to each industrial condition, once the actual cooling rate in the parts is known.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we study the development trend of Ubiquitous Sensor Network Technologies which represent social, environmental and technical development at 21century. To understand and forecast various Ubiquitous Sensor Network Technologies, we introduce element technic; hardware platforms, sensor operating system sensor interface and sensor middleware.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.351-368
• /
• 2022

Recently, promising structural technologies like multi-function, ultra-load bearing capacity and tailored structures have been put up for discussions. Finite Element (FE) modelling is probably the best-known option capable of treating these superior properties and multi-domain behavior structures. However, advanced materials such as Functionally Graded Material (FGM) and nanocomposites suffer from problems resulting from variable material properties, reinforcement aggregation and mesh generation. Motivated by these factors, this research proposes a unified shape function for FGM, nanocomposites, graded nanocomposites, in addition to traditional isotropic and orthotropic structural materials. It depends not only on element length but also on the beam's material properties and geometric characteristics. The systematic mathematical theory and FE formulations are based on the Timoshenko beam theory for beam structure. Furthermore, the introduced element achieves C1 degree of continuity. The model is proved to be convergent and free-off shear locking. Moreover, numerical results for static and free vibration analysis support the model accuracy and capabilities by validation with different references. The proposed technique overcomes the issue of continuous properties modelling of these promising materials without discarding older ones. Therefore, introduced benchmark improvements on the FE old concept could be extended to help the development of new software features to confront the rapid progress of structural materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.123-124
• /
• 2017

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2022

In accordance with the 4th Industrial Revolution, the water resource management field is also making efforts to introduce and advance the 4th industrial revolution core technologies to hydrological observation and interpretation sectors, but the river management and operation fields are relatively inferior in technology. Although various smart technologies are being developed for the analysis and operation of phenomena occurring in rivers, it is necessary to develop technologies to effectively apply them in practice. Therefore, in this study, core technologies for smart river management were derived by analyzing the level of on-site smart technology in the SOC field and the current status and characteristics of element technologies for river management, and future technologies were suggested.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2015

A one-step fabrication of a photonic crystal (PC) with functional defects is demonstrated. Using multi-beam phase-controlled holographic lithography with a diffracting optical element, large area one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) PCs with periodic defects were fabricated. The uniform area is up to $2mm^2$, and tens of defect channels have been introduced in the 1D and 2D PC structure. This technique gives rise to substantial reduction in the fabrication complexity and significant improvement in the spatial accuracy of introducing functional defects in photonic crystals. This method can also be used to design and fabricate three dimensional (3D) PCs with periodic defects.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2010

This research examines technologies and systems regarding right to control information in the network era. For this purpose, It attempts an integrated analysis of technologies and systems on the basis of the tree components of cyberspace. And it examines the prior researches and cases on privacy, personal information, and right to control information with emphasis on technologies and systems of the cyberspace. To protect privacy information, it analyses vulnerability of element technology, platform service technology, and individual technology. In particular, it describes, from the perspective of right to control information, the risk and security measures for personal information to be used as relation-context in the Web 2.0 environment. The research result will assist the methodology of future researches for grand theory on privacy information and help understanding the interaction between technology and society.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.965-974
• /
• 2016

The article describes the results of experiments conducted on pigs to determine the effect of plutonium, which is the most radiotoxic and highly active element in the range of mixed fuel $(U_{0.8}Pu_{0.2})O_2$ fission products, on living organisms. The results will allow empirical prediction of the emergency plutonium radiation dose for various organs and tissues of humans in case of an accident in a reactor running on mixed fuel $(U_{0.8}Pu_{0.2})O_2$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.30 no.11 s.254
• /
• pp.1369-1375
• /
• 2006

In this work, mechanical characteristics of stainless steel diaphragm have been studied as a potential robust substrate and a diaphragm material for micromachined devices. Lamination process techniques combined with traditional micromachining processes have been adopted as suitable fabrication technologies. To illustrate these principles, capacitive pressure sensors based on a stainless steel diaphragm have been designed, fabricated and characterized. The fabrication process for stainless steel micromachined devices keeps the membrane and substrate being at the environment of 8.65MPa pressure and $175^{\circ}C$ for a half hour and then subsequently cooled to $25^{\circ}C$. Each sensor uses a stainless steel substrate, a laminated stainless steel film as a suspended movable plate and a fixed, surface micromachined back electrode of electroplated nickel. The finite element method is adopted to investigate residual stresses formed in the process. Besides, out-of-plane deflections are calculated under pressures on the diaphragm. The sensitivity of the device fabricated using these technologies is 9.03 ppm $kPa^{-1}$ with a net capacitance change of 0.14 pF over a range 0$\sim$180 kPa.