• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.8
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• pp.1181-1186
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• 2017

The purpose of Demand Response is to reduce the cost of excessive resources and equipment by spontaneous load reductions at peak loads. Having enough power consumers participating in these schemes is key to achieving the goal. Demand Response Aggregator (DRA) is responsible for recruiting demand resources and managing them to participate in reducing the load. DRAs change the price elasticity of demand functions by providing incentives to demand response, thereby affecting price formation in the electricity market. In this paper, this process is modeled to analyze the relationship between DRA's strategic bidding and market outcomes and load reductions. It analyzes the results by applying to competition between DRAs, competition between DR and Gencos, and coexistence of DR load and non-DR load. It is noteworthy that we have found a phenomenon called the Balloon Effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.76-78
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• 2001

인터넷 사용이 급증하고 전자상거래의 발달과 동시에 전자 경매들이 인터넷 상에서 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 그 중에서 아웃크라이(Out-Cry) 스타일의 경매들은 봉인입찰(Sealed Bid) 경매에 비해서 많이 행해지고 있다. 봉인입찰 경매들을 인터넷 상에서 수행되었을 때에 보안상의 문제점을 가지고 있다. 가장 치명적인 단점은 경매자(Auctioneer)에 대한 신뢰문제로 입찰자(Bidder)들은 경매자가 자신의 입찰정보를 알아내어 다른 입찰자를 도와주거나 더 많은 이익을 얻기 위해서 입찰 정보를 조작하지 않을까 걱정한다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해서 몇몇의 보안 프로토콜이 등장하였는데, 그것들은 신뢰할 수 있는 제삼자(Trusted Third Party)와 다수의 입찰 매니져(Bidding Manager)를 둠으로써 해결하고 있다. 첫 번째 방법에서는 경매자에 대한 절대적 신뢰를 전제로 하고 두 번째 방법에서는 경매자와는 별도의 다른 기관들이 요구되어 진다. 이 논문에서는 다른 기관 없이 인터넷 상에서 안전하게 행해질 수 있는 봉인입찰 경매방법을 제시한다. 이 프로토콜은 Vickrey 경매와 FPSB 경매에서 모두 사용될 수 있고 다른 신뢰할 수 있는 제삼자의 도움 없이 입찰자와 경매자의 통신만으로 가능하기 때문에 비용이 절감된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.739-742
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• 2001

최근 인터넷 통신망의 급속한 발전으로 이를 각 분야에 이용하고자 하는 움직임이 활발하다. 그 중 오프라인(off-line) 상의 거래를 전자상거래(Electronic Commerce)로 전환함으로써 시간적, 공간적 제약을 극복하여 새로운 경제활동의 변혁을 주도하는 수단이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 차세대 인터넷 표준언어로 주목받고 있는 XML를 이용하여 효율적인 실시간 입찰 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.163-165
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• 2000

최근 컴퓨팅 기술과 통신 기술의 급속한 발전으로 클라이언트/서버 컴퓨팅 환경에서 네트워크 컴퓨팅 시대를 지나 인터넷 컴퓨팅 시대가 도래하고 있다. 인터넷 사용이 보편화되어 감에 따라 기업의 정보 시스템의 인터넷 기반의 인트라넷/익스트라넷 시스템으로 구축되어 가고 있으며 인터넷 환경에서의 기업과 소비자간 또는 기업과 기업간의 전자 거래 관련 응용 프로그램의 개발이 다양해 지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인터넷 환경에서 기업과 기업간 전자 거래에 있어서 기업의 글로벌화를 통해 조달 업무의 투명성과 신속성 및 질적 향상을 추구할 수 있도록 제공하기 위한 웹 기반 전자 입찰 시스템을 구현하는데 있어서 클라이언트와 서버 및 데이터 베이스를 연동하기 위한 웹기술, 기업간의 문서 교환을 위한 XML/EDI 기술 및, 입찰과 계약과정, 조달과정에서 안전성 및 신뢰성을 보장하기 위해 공개키 암호화 기술인 PKI 기반 구조의 인증 및 전자서명을 활용한 보안 기능을 설계한다.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.2
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• pp.199-203
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• 2005

This paper proposes the level of price cap in the TWBP(Two- Way Bidding Pool) market in Korea for which the draft of market design has been prepared by KPX. Max - GMCP(Maximum Generation Market Clearing Price) and APC(Administered Price Cap) would be separately applied as individual price caps for a normal period and a Price Capping period in TWBP. The level of price cap is determined for inducing optimal investment in the Korean Electricity Market considering the 'electricity resource baseline plan' published by the Korean government in 2002 for maintaining government-leading resource planning in Korea. In this regard, Max - GMCP is calculated from the equilibrium condition of investment based on reliability standard and fixed cost of the peaking plant. For verifying the propriety of the proposed price cap, this paper compares the proposed value with the estimated VoLL(Value of Lost Load) based on Korea's GDP(Gross Domestic Product).

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2012

It is difficult to evaluate the performance of process innovation of e-procurement which has large scale and complex processes. The existing evaluation methods for measuring the effects of process innovation have been mainly done with statistically quantitative methods by analyzing operational data or with qualitative methods by conducting surveys and interviews. However, these methods have some limitations to evaluate the effects because the performance evaluation of e-procurement process innovation should consider the interactions among participants who are active either directly or indirectly through the processes. This study considers the e-procurement process as a complex system and develops a simulation model based on MAS(Multi-Agent System) to evaluate the effects of e-procurement process innovation. Multi-agent based simulation allows observing interaction patterns of objects in virtual world through relationship among objects and their behavioral mechanism. Agent-based simulation is suitable especially for complex business problems. In this study, we used Netlogo Version 4.1.3 as a MAS simulation tool which was developed in Northwestern University. To do this, we developed a interaction model of agents in MAS environment. We defined process agents and task agents, and assigned their behavioral characteristics. The developed simulation model was applied to G2B system (KONEPS: Korea ON-line E-Procurement System) of Public Procurement Service (PPS) in Korea and used to evaluate the innovation effects of the G2B system. KONEPS is a successfully established e-procurement system started in the year 2002. KONEPS is a representative e-Procurement system which integrates characteristics of e-commerce into government for business procurement activities. KONEPS deserves the international recognition considering the annual transaction volume of 56 billion dollars, daily exchanges of electronic documents, users consisted of 121,000 suppliers and 37,000 public organizations, and the 4.5 billion dollars of cost saving. For the simulation, we analyzed the e-procurement of process of KONEPS into eight sub processes such as 'process 1: search products and acquisition of proposal', 'process 2 : review the methods of contracts and item features', 'process 3 : a notice of bid', 'process 4 : registration and confirmation of qualification', 'process 5 : bidding', 'process 6 : a screening test', 'process 7 : contracts', and 'process 8 : invoice and payment'. For the parameter settings of the agents behavior, we collected some data from the transactional database of PPS and some information by conducting a survey. The used data for the simulation are 'participants (government organizations, local government organizations and public institutions)', 'the number of bidding per year', 'the number of total contracts', 'the number of shopping mall transactions', 'the rate of contracts between bidding and shopping mall', 'the successful bidding ratio', and the estimated time for each process. The comparison was done for the difference of time consumption between 'before the innovation (As-was)' and 'after the innovation (As-is).' The results showed that there were productivity improvements in every eight sub processes. The decrease ratio of 'average number of task processing' was 92.7% and the decrease ratio of 'average time of task processing' was 95.4% in entire processes when we use G2B system comparing to the conventional method. Also, this study found that the process innovation effect will be enhanced if the task process related to the 'contract' can be improved. This study shows the usability and possibility of using MAS in process innovation evaluation and its modeling.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.53-68
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• 2003

Currently, it is possible to buy almost anything from books(Amazon.com) to airplane tickets(Travelocity.com) using the world wide web. The purpose of this research is to develop a "clean interface" between design and fabrication facilities for the production of custom machined parts through Internet. The current mechanism for production of prototype parts that can be fabricated using standard machine tools like milling machines, requires a process of part description preparation, bidding, contract award, and finally fabrication and delivery of the part. This is a substantially more complex process than buying a book or airplane ticket. In this paper, we try to define the ambiguous part description using XML based data exchange format and to enable e-commerce in this field. The research accomplishments are summarized: 1. Creation of a new format for data exchange of machined prototype parts, 2. Development of a prototype system to illustrate how the XML data can be effectively used to conduct e-Commerce for custom machined parts, 3. Testing of the methodology with a number of parts.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.155-167
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• 2008

With globalization and competitive market environment, companies realize how marketing channels are important in order to survive and succeed the business. The importance of information management among channels is getting increased, and is needed for SCM. Nevertheless having hard situation to implement SCM, SCM for textile fashion industry engaged in small business mostly is the way to break through the difficulty on so many channels to go through from fiber to retail. Therefore, the purpose of this case study to L firm by using questionnaire based interviewing method was to investigate how textile fashion small business can implement the SCM with their own differentiated strategy differed from a large corporation. L firm conducted SCM-ISN (Information Service Network) under the restructuring project. So they could use electronic bidding system via internet and have information sharing with their partners such as retailers. Therefore, they could expand market share to Seoul and reduce inventory and manage their customer more effectively than before.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.377-386
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• 2014

This study analyzed how alternative investment goods would affect a market in a neighboring shopping area in order to provide parties involved in the investment market of this neighboring shopping area with standards which would help them when they try to make a reasonable determination. The study estimated forms and explanation power of the effects of a bid rate of a neighboring shopping area, and came up with those results as follows. Increases in the representative macro economic indicators, the composite stock price index and the fluctuation rate of land price, including the real estate business would have a positive influence on the market of the neighboring shopping area as playing a circumstantial evidence of market recovery and yet, the increase in interest rate, the alternative investment goods, would reduce the relative price-earnings ratio which would, eventually, negatively affect the charm of the investment in the market of the neighboring shopping area. The study, now, understands that housing with a feature of consumers' goods and neighboring shopping area with a feature of investment goods would not have great concern with each other as they are observed to be two different markets from an aspect of interactionism.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-40
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• 2019

Built upon ethnographic method such as participant observation and in-depth interview, this study analyzes the material culture of electronic flower auctions at Yangjae Flower Market. From the viewpoint of Actor-Network Theory(ANT), this research examines how human actors like dealers and auctioneers interact with nonhuman actors such as market devices and these interactions form networks called "agencement." This research is focused on three main objectives: first, to study how the performance of auctions - i.e. the interactions between auctioneers and dealers - change in the wake of new market devices in the auctions; secondly, to look into what changes artifacts bring to the social relationships between auctioneers and dealers; lastly, to analyze the influence of new market devices on auction price in the market. The results of this research are as follows. First, the appearance of new market devices generates changes in the performance of auctions, which means the change of 'agencement' of flower auctions. Direct interactions between auctioneers and dealers turned into indirect interactions through new market devices. Moreover, the changes in the agencement brought changes to the identity of auctioneers and dealers. Secondly, the new agencement caused by the inflow of new market devices formed the trust between the devices and human actors, which gave rise to the trust in electronic auction and in counterpart actors as well. In addition, new market devices lowered direct interactions between auctioneers and dealers and thus made more equal relationships between the two than before. Lastly, market devices like trading screen reduced the leverage of auctioneers by providing dealers with bidding information previously possessed by auctioneers much openly and dealers were able to decide auction prices in more reasonable and dispassionate manner. Economic agency, power, trust, price, and information in the market is material and sensory.