• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2008

This research want to discuss some issues about payment system of America. This research focuses on comparing ACH with Fedwire. Firstly Fedwire is the payment system for only large-dollar transfer(Large-Value Transfer System; LVTS), while ACH(Automated Clearing House)payment mainly applies a consumer account. Secondly ACH transaction is either credit or debit transfer, while Fedwire is only credit transfer. Thirdly the communication system of Fedwire has twoway method, telephonelike communication network, but ACH is oneway store and forward electronic mail. At present LVTS divides into RTGS(Real-Time Gross Settlement) and DNS(Deferred Net Settlement). However Fedwire uses either RTGS(instantaneous for every transaction) or DNS(net net transaction) but ACH uses only DNS(net net transaction). Fourthly ACH is substantially cheaper than the Fedwire payment. lastly security is important in both Fedwire and ACH, it is even more crucial in Fedwire In addition, for each transaction, Fedwire may entail individual instantaneous confirmation to the originator and notification to the receiver, whereas ACH do not.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

From the viewpoint of engineering applications, the prediction of the failure of bogies plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of fatigue. Fatigue is a complex phenomenon affected by many uncertainties (such as load, environment, geometrical and material properties, and so on). The key to predict fatigue damage accurately is how to quantify these uncertainties. A Bayesian model is used to account for the uncertainty of various sources when predicting fatigue damage of structural components. In spite of improvements in the design of fatigue-sensitive structures, periodic non-destructive inspections are required for components. With the help of modern nondestructive inspection techniques, the fatigue flaws can be detected for bogie structures, and fatigue reliability can be updated by using Bayesian theorem with inspection data. A practical fatigue analysis of welded bogies is utilized to testify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.257-269
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• 2023

This paper presents a method for detecting faults in data obtained from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) of surface vessels. The data include latitude, longitude, Speed Over Ground (SOG), and Course Over Ground (COG). We derive two methods that utilize two models: a constant state model and a derivative augmented model. The constant state model incorporates noise variables to account for state changes, while the derivative augmented model employs explicit variables such as first or second derivatives, to model dynamic changes in state. Generally, the derivative augmented model detects faults more promptly than the constant state model, although it is vulnerable to potentially overlooking faults. The effectiveness of this method is validated using AIS data collected at a harbor. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach can automatically detect faults in AIS data, thus offering partial assistance for enhancing navigation safety.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

본 연구는 인터넷에서 사용하는 주문형 전자카드 서비스 방법 및 시스템설계에 관한 것으로, 사용자의 신용카드번호, 선불카드번호, 은행계좌 등을 포함하는 신용정보를 입력받는 단계부터 시작하여 주문형 전자카드의 승인여부, 거래대금지불승인여부를 거쳐, 지급단계까지의 서비스를 시스템에 관한 연구이다. 이는 사용자가 전자카드의 사용한도. 사용횟수, 유효기간, 충전가능 여부 익명사용여부 등을 사용하고자 하는 거래 형태에 맞추어 직접 설계할 수 있으므로 사용자의 편의성을 보다. 증진시킬 수 있다. 또한 사용자의 설계범위 내에서만 결제가 이루어지므로 카드번호의 분실시에도 그 피해를 설계범위내로 최소화할 수 있다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.225-228
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• 2017

본 논문은 IOT 체계에서 우리 실생활에 밀접하게 관련되어 있는 전자기기,헬스케어,스마트카,스마트홈,원격검침,원격진료 같은 실효성이 있는 시스템 사용이 증가함에 따라, 점차적으로 IOT 체계시스템을 다루기 위해서는 사용자가 어느 시점에 얼마의 기간 동안 어떠한 용도로 시스템에 접근하여 사용했는지에 대한 확인 및 관리 필요에 수요가 증가함에 따라 이러한 문제를 해결 할 수 있는 방법인 IOT 통합계정솔루션이 필요하다. 각 사물인터넷에 endpoint 시스템에 대한 통신 알고리즘, IOT 시스템 관리권한정책, 사용자 정보 등을 구성하며, IOT시스템 스마트카, 스마트홈에 어떻게 적용할 것인지를 제안한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.526-526
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• 2000

The present has a double objective. The first one is to compare and estimate sixteen continuous-time methods through the identificatiun of a system consisted with an RLC electrical circuit. These sixteen methods are classified into three groups that are the linear filters, the modulating functions and the integral methods. The second objective is to estimate directly the physical parameters of the RLC circuit, without resorting to a discrete-time model. The system is consisted of a coil with inductance L and resistance H, and of a capacitor with capacitance C. Having written the physical equations which describe the behavior of the system, the transfer function in where the initial conditions appear is given. These initial conditions should be taken into account during the parameter estimation phase, because they are inevitable within the framework of real signals. A physical interpretation of the identified models is tempted by the direct estimation of the physical parameters L and C. In conclusion, a classification of the studied methods is proposed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2016

Belt-driven Starter Generator (BSG) differs from other mild hybrid systems as the crankshaft of vehicle are not run off. Motor permits a low-cost method of adding mild hybrid capabilities such as start-stop, power assist, and mild levels of regenerative braking. Wound rotor synchronous motor (WRSM) could be adopted in BSG system for HEV e-Assisted application instead of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In practice, adequate torque is indispensable for starter assist system, and energy conversion should be taken into account for the HEV or EV as well. Particularly, flux weakening control is possible to realize by adjusting both direct axis components of current and field current in WRSM. Accordingly, this paper present an off-line current acquisition algorithm that can reasonably combine the stator and field current to acquire the maximum torque, meanwhile the energy conversion is taken into consideration by losses. Besides, on account of inductance influence by non-uniform air gap around rotor, nonlinear inductances and armature flux linkage against current variation are proposed to guarantee the results closer to reality. A computer-aided method for proposed algorithm are present and results are given in form of the Look-up table (LUT). The experiment shows the validity of algorithm.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.573-576
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• 2003

최근 들어 컴퓨터의 보급과 인터넷 기술의 발전으로 건설사업을 수행하면서 발생하는 서식문서, 보고서, 계산서, 시방서 등 각종 문서를 컴퓨터를 사용하여 작성하고 작성된 전자문서는 인터넷을 통해 활발히 유통하고 있는 실정이다. 기존 전자문서는 다양한 포맷으로 작성되어 포맷간의 호환성의 문제 결여와 문서 내용이 의미하는 것을 사람과 컴퓨터가 함께 인식할 수 있는 건설관련 기술문서를 단순하게 전자적인 형태로 작성하기 않고 특정 하드웨어나 소프트웨어에서 구애를 받지 않으면서 표준화된 정보체계에 따라 전자문서화하고 기술문서의 활용성 제고를 위한 요구가 점차 강조되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 요구를 충족시키기 위해 건설CALS/EC의 구조적 언어인 XML 기술을 사용하여 기술문서를 전자문서화하기 위한 개발 절차와 방법을 마련하였다.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.8.1-8.6
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• 2011

Background: Thanks to the development of the mathematical/statistical reverse engineering and the high-throughput measuring biotechnology, lots of biologically meaningful genegene interaction networks have been revealed. Steady-state analysis of these systems provides an important clue to understand and to predict the systematic behaviours of the biological system. However, modeling such a complex and large-scale system is one of the challenging difficulties in systems biology. Results: We introduce a new stochastic modeling approach that can describe gene regulatory mechanisms by dividing two (DNA and protein) layers. Simple queuing system is employed to explain the DNA layer and the protein layer is modeled using G-networks which enable us to account for the post-translational protein interactions. Our method is applied to a transcription repression system and an active protein degradation system. The steady-state results suggest that the active protein degradation system is more sensitive but the transcription repression system might be more reliable than the transcription repression system. Conclusions: Our two layer stochastic model successfully describes the long-run behaviour of gene regulatory networks which consist of various mRNA/protein processes. The analytic solution of the G-networks enables us to extend our model to a large-scale system. A more reliable modeling approach could be achieved by cooperating with a real experimental study in synthetic biology.