• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.143-163
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• 2006

The terms electronic trade, electronic trading and electronic commerce are often used interchangeably, and refer to trading transactions conducted using electronic media. Electronic trade is business-to-business transactions in an industrial context, while electronic commerce refers to retailing and the consumer sector as well as mass marketing. The Electronic trade process is defined as a flow of information (documents) exchanged between enterprises and trade-related firms (shipping companies, foreign exchange banks, forwarders, etc.) in the course of implementing a series of export and import procedures. Electronic trading systems exploit information technology to improve the efficiency of communications and/or to alter the nature of inter-organizational transactions. Many studies exist about the adoption of inter-organizational systems (IOS) and electronic data interchange (EDI), but few focus on electronic trade. The literature on exporting companies's electronic trade adoption and implementation, although extensive, consists mainly of exploratory studies focusing on technological characteristics such as barriers, benefits and usage. The purpose of this study is to broaden this perspective by investigating the environmental, organizational and technological drivers of business-to-business e-commerce adoption.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-83
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• 2003

This paper's objective is to provide insights about the problems and expansion strategies of electronic trade. Korean small and medium-sized firms have adopted the Internet since the end of 1990s in order to reshape their competitiveness, and it is now being utilized as a major export marketing instrument to develop new customers, save export transaction costs ad facilitate new work processes. However, at present, the use of the internet in the field of trading is limited to the collection of market information, owing to legal, technical and institutional restraints between countries. In addition to that, because firms have the difficulties in making the trade contract through the e-trade system, the negative recognition on its' utility has been spreaded gradually between companies. This is one of the barriers to block the expansion of e-Trade between Korean firms. Therefore, this paper points out the problems of e-trade in the environmental, institutional and strategic view and provides many considerations for establishing the expansion strategy of e-trade by the Korean government and trade supporting institutions.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.51
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• pp.441-464
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• 2011

It is childhood yet in uTradeHub system practical use. According as company's necessity of cost-saving is increased according to trade terms aggravation such as uncertainty of international money market, commodities prices rise, necessity of e-trade practical use in company is increased. Use is inevitable by state that link with e-Nego and e-B/L service with related presentation e-L/C banks is not made. At the present users are doing specification only service this main point, and practical use activation through public information and marketing about service is needed situation because most of, companies which is not using service, do not know about existence availability of uTradeHub system, usage, availability. This study presented five such as early materialization of user center's link and integration, medium and small enterprises e-trade participation extension, utilization ratio raising through government's public information, e-trade cooperation business activation between the country, electronic documents standardization etc. by prompting competition about practical use of uTradeHub system.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.129-153
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• 2004

In order to succeed in e-Trade Project in Korea, the related parties endeavor to introduce the e-title registry model such as Bolero model(Title Registry Model) and TEDI model (Repository Service Provider Model). Prior to mentioning the Model of e-Title Registry, desirable Global e-Trade Platform is the platform connecting Global e-Trade Platforms in each country and Bolero's Core Messaging Platform and e-Title Registry must be established in each country. Each e-Title Registry must be connected with another registry. Like Korea, Recognized Electronic Document Repository must be established as proxy for preserving, attesting, carrying out sending and receiving electronic document to prevent from disputes between parties and to carry out notarizing electronic documents and related transaction. The purpose of this paper is to promote the introduction of e-Title Registry in the e-Trade and to streamline the procedures of the electronic bill of lading.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.232-237
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• 2008

Korea is one of the most advanced countries in terms of nation-wide readiness for conducting complex trade processes in an electronic way. Since various trade processes are well-known for their complexity and cost as well as time consuming characteristics due to required collaborations with involving parties, automation and efficiency are always the main concern of trade-related practitioners. Using information technology can be a possible solution to this problem and Korea has developed the national e-trade infrastructure called "u-Trade Hub." In this paper, we propose the framework to enhance the national integrated e-trade system called "u-Trade Hub," which is ready to be released for commercial use in near future. We propose the framework to upgrade u-Trade Hub in four directions: (1) opening, (2) strengthening community feature, (3) modularization, (4) seeking profitability. In this paper, we study and compare national e-trade environment of other countries such as Singapore and Japan. Then, we analyze and design the enhanced e-trade infrastructure based on Web 2.0.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.240-243
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• 2004

Recently, in the global and digital business environment, we are in need of a single window through which we can exchange market information, make a contract, exchange foreign currency, clear customs and settle accounts. The "e-Trade platform" provides all the stakeholders in international trading circles with these series of trading processes by use of any available information technologies in an effective and seamless manner. The platform collectively includes e-trade infrastructures(e-trade documents repository, e-trade messaging system, e-trade standard documents repository) enabling small and medium sized companies as well as large enterprises to interface with government organizations and global trading institutions. The IT levels of the trading companies are significantly important in terms of benefiting the quality services from the e-trade platform.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.55-73
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• 2010

The thesis examines new innovation of various aspect to overcome lots of problems which come by when we execute simplification of trade procedure and administration fairly. Practical implications regarding the innovation of electronic trade infrastructure are as follows. First, it will propel the standardization of electronic trade section in the technical side and the construction atmosphere of international authentication system must be created. The work process should be redesigned in order to implement export-import procedures that meet the relevant standards. Second, the improvement of system for electronic process is necessary in the law and institutional aspect. In order to eliminate any obstacles to the trade procedure, clearer legal grounds regarding legitimate controls and minimum necessity must be established. Also, laws should be revised to admit mutual recognition among certification organizations, in lieu of international agreement-based mutual recognition between government. Third, the detailed improvement for the integration of the electronic trade infrastructure will be demanded. Additionally, user-centered quality management protocols should be established via connections with the systems already existing in governmental bodies. Fourth, various trade institution should harmonized and interconnected with other partners through mutual cooperation for standardization of operational system. A system which can monitor and remotely diagnose and resolve system errors should be established to provide tailor-made service and improve operational efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary to build a cooperative system to share information and promote comprehensive management for efficient operation.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.181-202
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• 2003

This study investigates the present status and development of e-marketplace which is the most actively used in the e-trade stages from market research, searching for business partners, negotiations to contract. It also shows the present status and development of e-marketplace as an "e-trading company" designated by government, which gives prospect of profitable model of e-marketplace. Especially focused on EC21 - the best e-marketplace of Korea, this study views present status and development of EC21 and trading companies applied for EC21, government designated e-trading company, to receive electronic trading support services. In addition, we hope that the findings of this study will be a helpful material to government for making policy and framing supporting project toward leading organizations of e-trade such as Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, e-trade promotion committee of Korea International Trade Association and small-ta-medium companies interested in e-trade, to activate e-trade.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.33
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• pp.247-275
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• 2007

This paper is to propose the Direction for the institutional improvement of Financial Supply Chain Management(FSCM) Solution which are currently coming into operation under Global e-Trading Platform. The Financial Supply Chain compromise the entire trade processes and information that manage a trader's cash, Accounts payable and receivable, Risk, working capital, and so on in international trade transaction. From a buyer's perspective, this involves the full procurement-to-payment process. For the seller, it is the order-to-cash cycle. Bolero provides the party concerned a e-trade platform which conformed to these fundamental pre-requisites to underpin fully electronic trade. But this FSCM solution have failed to provide the efficient platform to effectively manage the process of Global e-Trade because it does not correspond with e-Trade environment. Therefore, present FSCM system need the institutional improvement as follows: AA) Strengthening the role of the correspondent Bank under e-Trade System, BB) Extending the function of e-Trade intermediary institution, CC) The introduction of Trade Insurance System, etc. So, by streamlining and automating these processes on an open and flexible platform, The party concerned can optimize their trade transaction and maintain better relations with their business partners

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Digital trade rules are crucial in supporting the digital economy as the rules effectively reduce unnecessary trade barriers. This study introduces various approaches that major countries take regarding digital trade policies and rules. Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership has introduced comprehensive rules on e-commerce, including binding articles on the free flow of information, location of computing facilities, and source code. More recent e-commerce provisions or digital trade agreements cover wider range of issues, from cyber security, artificial intelligence, and data innovation to electronic invoicing and payments. Multilateral negotiations on digital trade rules, including the World Trade Organization E-commerce Joint Statement Initiatives and Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, are in progress. Thus, countries involved are expected to respond to new digital trade issues with long-term strategies considering domestic policy objectives.