• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 M 개의 전송 안테나를 가진 송신국(source)이 단일 안테나를 가진 R 개의 릴레이(relay)를 이용하여 단일 안테나를 가진 수신국(destination)에 신호를 전송하는 증폭 후 전달(amplify-and-forward, AF) 릴레이 시스템에서의 outage 확률 성능을 살펴본다. 이때, R 개의 릴레이 중에서 수신국에서의 수신 신호에 대한 가장 큰 신호 대 잡음비(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)를 보장하는 하나의 릴레이를 선택하는 최적 릴레이 선택(best relay selection) 기법이 사용되고, 송신국과 선택된 릴레이 링크에서 송신 maximum-ratio-combining(transmit MRC)이 적용되었을 때의 AF 릴레이 시스템의 outage 확률을 분석한다. 또한, 분석의 타당성을 입증하기 위해 모의실험들을 제공한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.520-524
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• 2017

Electrical relay in an essential part of smart grids, electrical vehicles, and LED lightning systems. Therefore, studying relay reliability is important. Relays using permanent magnet actuators (PMAs), which are energy efficient, are also in the spotlight. However, most of the permanent magnets used in PMAs have a characteristic wherein the magnetic flux decreases as the temperature increases. When the magnetic flux is reduced, the force acting on the actuator is reduced. Therefore, in this study, we measured the decrease in the relay operating speed with permanent magnet reduction due to temperature rise. In addition, changes in the bouncing phenomena due to magnetic flux reduction were analyzed. As a result, the operating speed of the relay has decreased and the bouncing phenomenon has not significantly changed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1074-1086
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• 2015

We Relay-assisted cellular network architecture has been developed to cover cell-edge users and to improve capacity. However, the deployment of relay stations (RSs) in cellular networks may increase the total energy consumption. Though energy efficiency has become a major concern in cellular networks, little work has studied the energy efficiency of relay-assisted cellular networks by sleep scheduling. In this paper, a distributed base stations (BSs) sleep scheduling scheme in relay-assisted cellular networks is proposed. The goal is to maximize the energy efficiency under the spectral efficiency constraint. Firstly, whether the BSs should be sleeping or active is determined by the traffic profile. Then, the transmission powers of the active BSs are optimized within the game-theoretic framework, by using an interior-point method, so as to maximize the energy efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is superior to that turning on all the BSs without sleep scheduling.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.5253-5270
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• 2016

With device-to-device (D2D) communications, an inactive user terminal can be utilized as a relay node to support multi-hop communication so that connective experience of the cell-edge user as well as the capacity of the whole system can be significantly improved. In this paper, we investigate the spectrum sharing for a cooperative relay assisted D2D communication underlying a cellular network. We formulate a joint relay selection and channel assignment problem to maximize the throughput of the system while guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) requirements of cellular users (CUs) and D2D users (DUs). By exploiting coalition formation game theory, we propose two algorithms to solve the problem. The first algorithm is designed based on merge and split rules while the second one is developed based on single user's movement. Both of them are proved to be stable and convergent. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.806-809
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• 2011

This letter considers the channel estimation for two-way relay MIMO OFDM systems. A least square (LS) channel estimation algorithm under block-based training is proposed. The mean square error (MSE) of the LS channel estimate is computed, and the optimal training sequences with respect to this MSE are derived. Some numerical examples are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed channel estimation method.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to derive approximate closed-form error rates for M-ary burst symbol transmission (MBST) of dual-hop adaptive decode-and-forward (ADF) cooperative relay systems over quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. Within a burst, there are pilot symbols and data symbols. Pilot symbols are used for channel estimation schemes and each relay node's transmission mode selection schemes. At first, our focus was on ADF relay systems' error-events at relay nodes. Each event's occurrence probability and probability density function (PDF) were then derived. With error-event based approach, we derived a tractable form of PDF for combined signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Averaged error rates were then derived as approximate expressions for arbitrary link SNR with different modulation orders and numbers of relays. Its accuracy was verified by comparison with simulation results.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.803-812
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• 2017

A decode-and-forward system with an energy-harvesting relay is analyzed for the case when an arbitrary number of independent interference signals affect the communication at both the relay and the destination nodes. The scenario in which the relay harvests energy from both the source and interference signals using a time switching scheme is analyzed. The analysis is performed for the interference-limited Nakagami-m fading environment, assuming a realistic nonlinearity for the electronic devices. The closed-form outage probability expression for the system with a nonlinear energy harvester is derived. An asymptotic expression valid for the case of a simpler linear harvesting model is also provided. The derived analytical results are corroborated by an independent simulation model. The impacts of the saturation threshold power, the energy-harvesting ratio, and the number and power of the interference signals on the system performance are analyzed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39A권10호
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• pp.593-600
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• 2014

OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) 시스템은 주파수 선택적 페이딩 문제를 효율적으로 해결하며 최적의 부반송파 및 송신 전력을 할당함으로써 보다 향상된 성능을 얻는다. Two-way 릴레이는 양방향 통신을 통해 기존의 반이중 릴레이보다 향상된 주파수 효율을 제공한다. WiBro와 같은 레거시 OFDMA 시스템에 two-way DF (decode-and-forward) 릴레이를 적용 시 파일롯 재배치 문제와 자가 간섭으로 인한 채널 추정 및 수신 신호 복호가 어려운 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 WiBro와 같은 레거시 OFDMA 시스템에 적합한 two-way DF 릴레이 자원 할당 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 릴레이와 연결된 노드를 기지국과 직접 통신하는 노드로 간주하여 부반송파를 할당한다. 그리고 다른 노드가 사용하지 않는 부반송파를 중첩 할당함으로써 직교 할당으로 발생하는 대역폭 손실을 보완한다. 전산모의실험을 통해 제안된 자원 할당 기법의 성능 향상을 검증한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.2722-2742
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• 2014

We propose methods of linear transceiver design for two different power constraints, sum relay power constraint and per relay power constraint, which determine signal processing matrices such as base station (BS) transmitter, relay precoders and user receivers to minimize sum mean square error (SMSE) for multi-relay multi-user (MRMU) networks. However, since the formulated problem is non-convex one which is hard to be solved, we suboptimally solve the problems by defining convex subproblems with some fixed variables. We adopt iterative sequential designs of which each iteration stage corresponds to each subproblem. Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) theorem and SMSE duality are employed as specific methods to solve subproblems. The numerical results verify that the proposed methods provide comparable performance to that of a full relay cooperation bound (FRCB) method while outperforming the simple amplify-and-forward (SAF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) relaying in terms of not only SMSE, but also the sum rate.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.671-676
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• 2015

협력네트워크는 중계기를 이용하여 데이터를 전송함으로서 음영지역을 해소하고 가상의 다중입출력 구성을 통해 통신성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 송신기와 중계기 사이에서는 동기변조 방식을 이용하고 중계기와 수신기 사이에서는 차등변조 방식을 이용하는 부분차등변조 방식을 적용한 협력네트워크의 성능을 중계기의 위치에 따라 분석한다. 성능분석은 송신기와 수신기사이의 직접파가 존재하는 시스템과 존재하지 않는 시스템 두 가지를 고려하는데, 직접파는 차등변조 방식을 적용한다. 또한 전체시스템이 차등변조 방식을 이용했을 경우에 중계기 위치에 따른 성능을 부분차등변조 방식과 비교한다. 시스템의 성능은 송신기와 수신기 사이의 심벌오류율을 이용한다.