• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Water electrolysis technology, which generates hydrogen using renewable energy resources, has recently attracted great attention. Especially, the polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis system has several advantages over other water electrolysis technologies, such as high efficiency, low operating temperature, and optimal operating point. Since research that analyzes performance characteristics using test bench have high cost and long test time, however, model based approach is very important. Therefore, in this study, a system model for water electrolysis dynamics of a polymer electrolyte membrane was developed based on MATLAB/Simulink®. The water electrolysis system developed in this study can take into account the heat and mass transfer characteristics in the cell with the load variation. In particular, the performance of the system according to the stack temperature control can be analyzed and evaluated. As a result, the developed water electrolysis system can analyze water pump dynamics and hydrogen generation according to temperature dynamics by reflecting the dynamics of temperature.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1385-1391
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• 2015

A water reuse system was designed for a demonstration plant by combining fiber filtration and electrolysis. A discharged dye wastewater after treated with biomedia was used in this study. It was found that an additional removal of suspended solids (SS) was feasible with 2-stage filtration while electrolysis was not effective. Also, $COD_{cr}$ and $COD_{Mn}$ were not removed with 2 -stage filtration but electrolysis resulted in about 26.9% additional removal. This indicates that electrolysis play an important role in organic removal. Removal of T-N and T-P was negligible with 1 and 2-stage fiber filtration and low-level electrolyte. However, with 2000 ppm of electrolyte, their removal efficiencies were about 83.1 and 60%, respectively, suggesting that the removal rates are well associated with the electrolyte concentrations. With high-level electrolyte, colority was removed about 82% while chlorine ions were removed only about 10%. Therefore, to treat underground water containing high-level salinity in the follow-up study, based on the results in this paper, a combined system with selection of additional unit process and reverse osmosis will be designed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.234-242
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• 2009

This study was attempted to develop surface washing-system of ginseng. The effect of sterilization, washing and keeping freshness of ginseng through analyzing unit process were examined to establish optimal condition for washing system. Surface washing method of fresh ginseng used two way and full cone spray type. Sterilization was used at $2^{\circ}C$ water with electrolysis water of 50 and 80 ppm. Ginseng was sterilized with electrolysis water during 30 and 60 s, dehydrated during 1 min and dried during 1min at 30 and $50^{\circ}C$. Hardness of surface-washed ginseng showed good result on 1 min spraying time with 80 ppm electrolysis water at $10^{\circ}C$ storage. Ginseng with 80 ppm electrolysis water was sterilized better with $1.05{\times}103$. There are no changes with 0% on appearance quality at 80 ppm electrolysis.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.641-648
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• 2011

KEPRI (KEPCO Research Institute) designed and operated the lab-scale high temperature electrolysis (HTE) system for hydrogen production with $10{\times}10cm^2$ 5-cell stack at $750^{\circ}C$. The electrolysis cell consists of Ni-YSZ steam/hydrogen electrode, YSZ electrolyte and LSCF based perovskite as air side electrode. The active area of one cell is 92.16 $cm^2$. The hydrogen production system was operated for 2664 hours and the performance of electrolysis stack was measured by means of current variation with from 6 A to 28 A. The maximum hydrogen production rate and current efficiency was 47.33 NL/hr and 80.90% at 28 A, respectively. As the applied current increased, hydrogen production rate, current efficiency and the degradation rate of stack were increased respectively. From the result of stack performance, optimum operation current of this system was 24 A, considering current efficiencies and cell degradations.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.264-270
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• 2006

In this research, volume reduction of activated sludge using electrolysis was studied to find an optimum condition using lab scale experiments. Wasted sludge was treated by electrolysis with controlling current density, chloride concentration, electrode distance, and reaction time. Volume of return sludge was reduced by 9.79% in average while maximum was 16.7%. Sludge volume reduction efficiency was affected by current density and reaction time. It was reversely proportional to the electrode distance. Especially current density was effective on the system performance significantly. Electric conductivity, salinity and COD were increased by electrolysis implying sludge disintegrated and converted to COD in part. An empirical equation for total solid removal efficiency by electrolysis was proposed by multiple linear regression analysis as: $TS_{rem}$(%) = 5.534 ${\times}$ current density (A/l) + 0.178 ${\times}$ reaction time (m) + 2.758.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.601-609
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• 2017

Hydrogen is a clean, endlessly produced energy and it is easy to store and transfer. So, hydrogen is regarded as next generation energy. Among various ways for hydrogen production, the way to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis can effectively respond to fossil fuel's depletion or climate change. As interest in hydrogen has increased, related research has been actively conducted in many countries. In this study, we analyzed the performance characteristics and safety of water electrolysis system. In this study, we analyzed the performance characteristics and safety of water electrolysis system. The items for safety performance evaluation of the water electrolysis system were derived through analysis of international regulations, codes, and standards on hydrogen. Also, a prototype of the overall safety performance evaluation station was designed and developed. The demonstration test was performed with a prototype $10Nm^3/h$ class water electrolysis system that operated stably under various pressure conditions while measuring the stack and system efficiency. At 0.7MPa, the efficiency of the alkaline water electrolysis stack and the system that used in this study was 76.3% and 49.8% respectively. Through the GC analysis in produced $H_2$, the $N_2$ (5,157ppm) and $O_2$ (1,646 ppm) among Ar, $O_2$, $N_2$, CO and $CO_2$ confirmed as main impurities. It can be possible that the result of this study can apply to establish the safety standards for the hydrogen production system by water electrolysis.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.70-76
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• 1999

A laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the phosphorus removal using the activated sludge-electrolysis reactor which consisted of A$^2$/O system and aluminium electrodes as cathode and anode. In this system, the phosphorus was removed by aluminium ion, which was eluted from aluminiumelectrodes by electrolysis. In the batch experiments, when the current densities were 0.026, 0.052 and 0.08 A/dm$^2$, the phosphorus removal efficiencies for synthetic sewage were 66.4, 86.4 and 98.7% respectively. These results showed that the phosphorus removal efficiency increased with the increase of the current density. When the current values were 13, 26 and 40 mA respectively, the amounts of Al$^{3+}$ eluted from electrodes according to Faraday's law were 0.049, 0.07 and 0.12 g and Al/P mole ratio were 1.1, 2.0 and 3.41. In the continuous experiments, As hydraulic retention time(HRT) increased, COD and total nitrogen(T-N) removal efficiencies for domestic sewage increased. The average phosphorus removal rates of the activated sludge-electrolysis system were 97, 91, 80 and 80% at the HRT of 48, 24, 18 and 12 hours, respectively. Especially, the phosphorus removal rate in the activated sludge system with aluminium electrodes was higher than that in the system without aluminium electrodes.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2017

Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE) is one of the most popular and widely used methods for hydrogen production. PEMWE contributes to eco-friendly system via its energy storage system application, hence making it environmentally friendly to use. However, its main drawback is contamination of proton exchange membrane during water electrolysis. Existing cation such as magnesium, calcium and the likes are the cause for membrane contamination. As a result, the cation contamination give rise to degradation of performance of electrolysis and the reverse electrolysis is effective method to remove cation.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.196-197
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• 2010

This paper investigates a high performance converter topology for hydrogen gas generation electrolysis system. The proposed converter topology consists of full-bridge inverter, medium frequency transformer, and diode rectifier. Hydrogen gas generation electrolysis process considered in the paper is analyzed and characterized by its equivalent circuit. The electrolysis cell is modeled as effective resistance, capacitance, inductance, and internal emf voltage source. The proposed converter topology provides enhanced efficiency of hydrogen gas generation process under the operating condition of dc output voltage with high frequency ripple on it. The high performance operation of proposed converter is confirmed through the simulation with the electrolysis cell considered in the equivalent circuit model.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of intermittent plasma and electrolysis treatments on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. oak-leaf.), nutrient solution components ($NO_3{^-}-N$, $NH_4{^+}-N$, $PO{_4}^{3-}-P$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$) and environmental parameters (electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and pH). The recirculating hydroponic cultivation system consisted of planting port, LED lamp, water reservoir and circulating pump. Nutrient solution was circulated in the following order: reservoir ${\rightarrow}$ filtration-plasma or filtration-electrolysis ${\rightarrow}$ planting port ${\rightarrow}$ reservoir. The results showed that nutrient solution components and environmental parameters were changed by plasma or electrolysis treatment. Lettuce growth was not affected by the intermittent plasma or electrolysis treatment with 30 minutes or 90 minutes, respectively. The roots of the lettuce was damaged by excessive plasma and electrolysis treatment. Electrolysis treatment had greater effect on than plasma treatment because of the accumulation of high levels of TRO (Total Residual Oxidants).