• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.901-905
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the pure geometrical effect of porous materials in gas adsorption using the grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations of primitive gas-pore models with various pore geometries such as planar, cylindrical, and random pore geometries. Although the model does not possess atomistic level details of porous materials, our simulation results provided many insightful information in the effect of pore geometry on the adsorption behavior of gas molecules. First, the surface curvature of porous materials plays a significant role in the amount of adsorbed gas molecules: the concave surface such as in cylindrical pores induces more attraction between gas molecules and pore, which results in the enhanced gas adsorption. On the contrary, the convex surface of random pores gives the opposite effect. Second, this geometrical effect shows a nonmonotonic dependence on the gas-pore interaction strength and length. Third, as the external gas pressure is increased, the change in the gas adsorption due to pore geometry is reduced. Finally, the pore geometry also affects the collision dynamics of gas molecules. Since our model is based on primitive description of fluid molecules, our conclusion can be applied to any fluidic systems including reactant-electrode systems.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2019

정전기 문제에 대한 연속체 기반 설계 민감도 해석(DSA) 방법을 해석적으로 유도하였다. 고차 항을 포함한 목적 함수를 고려하기 위해 해석 및 DSA 방법을 위해 9 노드 유한요소법 기반 함수를 형상 함수로 사용하였다. 최적화 과정에서의 설계 변수를 B- 스플라인 함수로 매개 변수화하여 비현실적인 형상이 아닌 부드러운 경계를 가진 최적 형상을 얻을 수 있었다. 유한요소법을 이용한 최적화 과정에서 일반적으로 발생하는 메쉬 얽힘 문제를 해결하기 위해 메쉬 균일화 기법을 사용하였다. 이 기법은 디리쉴릿 에너지 범함수를 최소화함으로써 메쉬 균일성을 자동으로 얻을 수 있게 한다. 몇 가지 수치 예제들을 통해 DEP 힘을 최대화하기 위한 평행판의 최적 형상을 얻어낸다. 이를 기존에 실험적으로 검증된 평행판의 최적 형상과 비교하여 그 특성을 논의하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.565-568
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• 2002

Welding variables and conditions in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) effect on the weld quality and productivity, extensive research efforts have been made to analyze the welding variables and conditions. In this study dynamic behavior of GMAW system is investigated using the characteristic equations of the power supply, wire and welding arc. Characteristic equation of wire is modified to include the effect of droplets attached at the electrode tip. The dynamic characteristics of arc length, current, voltage with respect to the step, ramp inputs of CTWD was simulated, seam tracking procedure using arc sensor was simulated with variable V-Groove geometries and weaving frequencies. From results of simulation, some predictions about dynamic characteristics of GMAW and welding process are available. The proposed simulator and results appear to be utilized to determine the proper welding conditions, to be improved by considering power supply dynamic characteristics.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.254-256
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• 2009

The performances of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis depend on many factors such as materials, geometries, fabrication methods, operating conditions, and so forth. The fabrication method is concerned, membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) are a most important part to show different performances by different fabrication methods. The performance change of PEM water electrolysis was experimentally measured according to the fabrication differences of the anode electrodes. One point of view is the catalyst intrusion rate to the anode gas diffusion layer (GDL), and the other point of view is the catalyst loading distribution in depth of the anode GDL. Results show that the performances of MEA with deep intrusion of the catalysts are better in the range of low current densities but worse at higher current densities. The catalyst loading distribution does not affect significantly to the performance of PEM water electrolyser.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2009

The performances of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis depend on many factors such as materials, geometries, fabrication methods, operating conditions, and so forth. The fabrication method is concerned, membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) are a most important part to show different performances by different fabrication methods. The performance change of PEM water electrolysis was experimentally measured according to the fabrication differences of the anode electrodes. One point of view is the catalyst intrusion rate to the anode gas diffusion layer (GDL), and the other point of view is the catalyst loading distribution in depth of the anode GDL. Results show that the performances of MEA with deep intrusion of the catalysts are better in the range of low current densities but worse at higher current densities. The catalyst loading distribution does not affect significantly to the performance of PEM water electrolyser.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.847-853
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 3차원 전산유체역학 모델을 적용하여 서펜타인 유로를 갖는 고분자 전해질 분리막(PEM) 연료전지의 성능평가를 수행하였다. PEM 연료전지의 전산 모델은 등온조건하에서의 이동현상을 고려하여, 물질 및 운동량 전달, 전극에서의 반응속도론 그리고 전기적 흐름을 모두 포함하였다. 한편, 병류로 흐르도록 형성된 구조의 유로 형태는 본 연료전지모델에서 유로의 폭과 높이의 비인 종횡비와 유로와 립 폭의 비인 반응면적비를 변화시키며 다양한 형상으로 고려되었다. 유로의 형상이 변화될 경우 연료전지 내부의 수소와 산소의 질량분율 분포가 계산되었으며, 이에 따라, 활성화과전압의 계산 값이 변하게 되며 전류밀도 분포가 최종적으로 결정되었다. CFD 결과는 종횡비가 클수록 성능이 증가하고 반응면적비가 클수록 성능이 감소하는 것을 보였다. 본 연구의 모델에 의하면 서펜타인 유로의 형상에 의해, 성능특성이 경향성을 보이는 결과를 보여주었으며, 이와같은 결과는 다른 문헌에 보고 된 CFD 결과들과 전반적으로 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2006

Neutron imaging technique was used to investigate the water distribution and movement in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) at HANARO, KAERI. The Feasibility tests were performed in the first and second exposure rooms at the neutron radiography facility (NRF) at HANARO in order to check the ability of each exposure room, respectively. The feasibility test apparatus was composed of water and pressurized air before making up the actual test apparatus. Due to the low neutron intensity in the second exposure room, the exposure time was too long to investigate the transient phenomena of PEMFC. Although the exposure time was improved to 0.1 sec in the first exposure room, it was difficult to discriminate detail water movement at the channel due to the high noise level. Therefore, the experimental setup must be optimized according to the test conditions. Water discharge characteristics were investigated under different flow field geometries by using feasibility test apparatus and the neutron imaging technique. The water discharge characteristics of a 3-parallel serpentine are superior to those of a 1-parallel serpentine, but water at Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) was not removed, regardless of the flow field type.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2014

We show that carbon nanotube sensors with gold particles on the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network operate as Schottky barrier transistors, in which transistor action occurs primarily by varying the resistance of Au-SWNT junction rather than the channel conductance modulation. Transistor characteristics are calculated for the statistically simplified geometries, and the sensing mechanisms are analyzed by comparing the simulation results of the MOSFET model and Schottky junction model with the experimental data. We demonstrated that the semiconductor MOSFET effect cannot explain the experimental phenomena such as the very low limit of detection (LOD) and the logarithmic dependence of sensitivity to the DNA concentration. By building an asymmetric concentric-electrode model which consists of serially-connected segments of CNTFETs and Schottky diodes, we found that for a proper explanation of the experimental data, the work function shifts should be ~ 0.1 eV for 100 pM DNA concentration and ~ 0.4 eV for $100{\mu}M$.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2003년도 전지기술심포지움
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• pp.141-151
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• 2003

The electrochemical activity of the olivine type $LiMPO_4$ (M=transition metals) cathodes strongly depends on various factors, e.g., the transition metal element M, perturbative doping of the supervalent cations into Li site, composite formation with conductive additives, state of charge/discharge, and particle size and its geometries, etc. This is, therefore, an important issue of interdisciplinary between electrochemistry and solid state science towards practical applications. In order to shed light on this interesting but complicated issue with the transport properties and crystallographic aspects, systematic discussion will be made with the review of our recent publications; (1) first principle derivation of the electronic structures, (2) crystallographic mapping of the selected solid solutions, (3) quantitative elucidation of the electron-lattice interaction, (4) spectroscopic detection of the local environment with Mossbauer and EXAFS, (5) synthetic optimization of the electrode composite, and (6) electrochemical evaluation of the reaction kinetics, particularly on M = Fe, Mn.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.671-686
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• 2005

The transient nature and complex geometries of two-phase gas-liquid flows cause fundamental difficulties when measuring flow velocity using an electromagnetic flowmeter. Recently, a current-sensing flowmeter was introduced to obtain measurements with high temporal resolution (Ahn et al.). In this study, current-sensing flowmeter theory was applied to measure the fast velocity transients in slug flows. The velocity fields of axisymmetric gas-liquid slug flow in a vertical pipe were obtained using Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) method, and the virtual potential distributions for the electrodes of finite size were also computed using the finite volume method for simulating slug flow. The output signal prediction for slug flow was carried out from the velocity and virtual potential (or weight function) fields. The flowmeter was numerically calibrated to obtain the cross-sectional liquid mean velocity at an electrode plane from the predicted output signal. Two calibration parameters are proposed for this procedure: a flow pattern coefficient and a localization parameter. The flow pattern coefficient was defined by the ratio of the liquid resistance between the electrodes for two-phase flow with respect to that for single-phase flow, and the localization parameter was introduced to avoid errors in the flowmeter readings caused by liquid acceleration or deceleration around the electrodes. These parameters were also calculated from the computed velocity and virtual potential fields. The results can be used to obtain the liquid mean velocity from the slug flow signal measured by a current-sensing flowmeter.