• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.2883-2897
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• 2022

According to the Renewable Energy 3020 Implementation Plan announced in 2017 by the South Korean government, the electricity share of renewable energy will be expanded to 20% of the total electricity generation by 2030. Given the intermittency of electricity generation from renewable energy, realization of such a plan presents challenges to managing South Korea's isolated national electric grid and implies potentially large excess electricity generation in certain situations. The purpose of this study is: 1) to develop a model to accurately simulate the effects of excess electricity generation from renewables which would arise during the transition, and 2) to propose strategies to manage excess electricity generation through effective utilization of domestic electricity generating capabilities. Our results show that in periods of greater PV and wind power, namely the spring and fall seasons, the frequency of excess electricity generation increases, while electricity demand decreases. This being the case, flexible operation of coal and nuclear power plants along with LNG and pumped-storage hydroelectricity can be used to counterbalance the excess electricity generation from renewables. In addition, nuclear energy plays an important role in reducing CO₂ emissions and electricity costs unlike the fossil fuel-based generation sources outlined in the 8th Basic Plan.

• Architectural research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Recent years in Korea, some new developed buildings are only using electricity as power for heating, cooling, bathing and even cooking which means except electricity, there is no natural gas or other kinds of energy used in such kind of building. In vehicle industry area, scientists already invented electric vehicle as an environment friendly vehicle; after that, in architecture design and construction field, buildings only using electricity appeared; the curiosity of the environment impact of energy consumption by such kind of building lead me to do this research. In general, electricity is known as a clean energy resource reasoned by it is noncombustible energy resource; however, although there is no environmental pollution by using electricity, electricity generation procedure in power plant may cause huge amount of environment pollution; especially, electricity generation from combusting coal in power plant could emit enormous air pollutants to the air. In this research, the yearly amount of air pollution by energy using under traditional way in research target building that is using natural gas for heating, bathing and cooking and electricity for lighting, equipment and cooling is compared with yearly amount of air pollution by only using electricity as power in the building; result shows that building that only uses electricity emits much more air pollutants than uses electricity and natural gas together in the building. According to the amount of air pollutants comparison result between two different energy application types in the building, residential SOFC (Solid oxide fuel cell) is simulated to apply in this building for decreasing environment pollution of the building; furthermore, high load factor could lead high efficiency of SOFC, in the scenario of simulating applying SOFC in the building, SOFC is shared by two or three households in spring and autumn to increase efficiency of the SOFC. In sum, this research is trying to demonstrate electricity is a conditioned environment friendly energy resource; in the meanwhile, SOFC is simulated efficiently applying in the building only using electricity as power to decrease the large amount of air pollutants by energy using in the building. Energy consumption of the building is analyzed by calibrated commercial software Design Builder; the calibrated mathematical model of SOFC is referred from other researcher's study.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권7호
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2017

This study compares the characteristics and the determinants of household electricity consumption for low electricity consuming and high electricity consuming households. The data are drawn from a household energy consumption sample survey by Korea Energy Economics Institute in 2015. The results show the differences in socio-demographic, dwelling, and electricity consumption characteristics between two households. Next, the factors affecting the household's electricity consumption are investigated. Common factor affecting the electricity consumption function is only the number of electrical appliances. There are also the differences in major determinants of the household's electricity consumption functions for two households. The results of this study would be useful for understanding socio-demographic, dwelling, and electricity consumption characteristics of low electricity consuming and high electricity consuming households.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

This study investigated consumers' energy saving behavior and perceptions concerning the effectiveness of their energy saving behavior. A nation wide survey was conducted involving 2000 households in urban areas and the data from 1767 households were used for the analysis. excluding cases with incomplete responses. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and regression analysis were applied. The results were as follows. First, electricity saving behavior was classified into three categories: Thrift (reducing energy consumption), Purchase (buying energy saving appliances), and Control (checking the energy consumption). Second, consumers rated Thrift as the best way to save energy. Third, education, age, and household income were significantly related to energy saving behavior and perceptions on the effectiveness of energy saving behavior. Consumers using above average levels of electricity tended not to practice energy saving behavior and not to positively evaluate effectiveness of the energy saving behavior. Lastly, the implications for public policies to promote energy saving behavior are suggested.

• 에너지공학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2012

Electricity is the basic building block of economic development, and constitutes one of the vital infra-structural inputs in socio-economic development. The demand for electricity has been increasing due to extensive urbanization, industrialization, and a rise in the standard of living, as is the case with residential electricity consumption. This paper attempts to estimate the consumer surplus and the economic value of the residential consumption of electricity in Seoul to assist in decision-making in electricity management. The estimated consumer surplus represents the value of the area under the demand curve, above the actual price that is paid for residential electricity consumption. The estimated annual consumer surplus and economic value for the year 2005 amount to 2,144.7 and 3,727.4 billion won, respectively. The estimates per kWh were 184.9 and 316.0 won, respectively, which imply that the consumer surplus and the economic value of residential electricity consumption significantly outweigh the average price of electricity in 2005 of 91.1 won per kWh.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

The Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 had an extensive impact on the national electricity plans. This paper outlines alternative electricity scenarios that meet the goals of nuclear phase-out and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. This paper also analyzes the results of each scenario in respect to the electricity mix, GHG emissions, costs and employment effects. The Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP) model was used to simulate the annual electricity demand and supply system from 2011 to 2030. The reference year was 2009. Scenarios are reference (where existing plans are continued), A1, A2, B1, B2, and C2 (where the levels of demand management and nuclear phase-out are different). The share of renewable energy in the electricity mix in 2030 for each scenario will be increased from about 1% in 2009 to 8% in the reference scenario and from 11% to 31% in five alternative scenarios. Total cumulative cost increases up to 14% more than the reference scenario by replacing nuclear power plants with renewable energy in alternative scenarios could be affordable. Deploying enough renewable energy to meet such targets requires a roadmap for electricity price realization, expansion of research, development and deployment for renewable energy technologies, establishment of an organization dedicated to renewable energy, and ambitious targets for renewable energy.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

Electricity is basic need for country development. But at the present time proper planning and policy is require at high pace for power generation network extension due to the increasing population growth rate. Present study aimed to analyze the present and future demand for electricity at household level in Province of Balochistan of Pakistan via simulation modeling. Data of year 2004-2005 was used as baseline data for electricity consumption to predict future demand of electricity at both rural and urban domestic level up to subsequent 30 years, with help of LEAP software. Basically three scenarios were created to run software. One scenario was Business-As-Usual and other two were green scenarios i.e., solar and wind energy scenarios. Results predicted that by using alternative energy sources, demand for electricity will be fulfill and will also reduce burden on non-renewable energy sources due to the greater potential for solar and wind energy present in Balochistan.

• 에너지공학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 전국 521가구를 대상으로 조사한 횡단면 자료를 분석에 이용하여 주택용 전력의 수요함수를 추정하고자 한다. 주택용 전력의 수요함수는 수용가의 전력 수요행태에 대한 정보를 제공하여 가격과 같은 주요 정책변수의 효과를 사전적으로 진단하는 데, 그리고 수요예측을 하는 데 유용하게 활용된다. 수요함수의 모수에 대한 강건한 추정치를 얻기 위해 오차항의 분포에 있어서 동분산 및 정규성의 가정을 하지 않는 최소절대편차 추정량을 사용하였다. 가격탄력성 및 소득탄력성은 각각 -0.68 및 0.14로 추정되었으며 유의수준 10%에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 가격탄력성 및 소득탄력성은 모두 가격 및 소득 변화에 비탄력적인 주택용 전력수요의 특징을 잘 보여주고 있다. 이는 주택용 전력이 필수적인 재화로서 가격이 변동된다고 해서 급격하게 수요를 조정하기 어려우며 소득이 변동된다고 해서 수요가 빠르게 조정되지 않음을 시사한다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2013

전력은 인간생존에 있어 기본적인 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 주택용 전력에 대한 가구의 지불의사액(WTP)을 분석하고자 한다. 주택용 전력에 대한 WTP는 전력의 실제 가격과 추가적인 WTP의 합으로 정의된다. 전자는 시장에서 쉽게 관측되지만, 후자는 시장에서 관측이 불가능하므로 직접적인 가구조사를 통해 추정해야만 한다. 이를 위해 2010년 11월 전국 1,000가구를 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 주택용 전력 한 단위에 대한 추가적인 평균 WTP는 11.24원/kWh로 나타났다. 조사시점인 2010년 주택용 전력 평균가격은 98.07원/kWh이므로 주택용 전력에 대한 경제적 편익은 이 둘의 합계인 109.31원/kWh으로 추정된다. 이 값은 주택용 전력 1kWh 공급비용과 비교할 수 있을 것이다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

2차 에너지인 전력은 다양한 연료를 발전원으로 하고 있기 때문에, 전력에 대한 수요는 에너지 각 부문에 적지 않은 영향을 미친다. 이에 본 논문에서는 전력수요함수를 추정하여 가격탄력성 및 소득탄력성에 대한 정량적 정보를 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 1991년부터 2014년까지의 연간 시계열 자료를 이용하되, 탄력성을 단기와 장기를 구분하여 추정할 수 있는 내생시차변수모형을 적용한다. 종속변수로는 연간 전력수요, 독립변수로는 상수항, 전력실질가격, 실질 국내총생산의 3가지를 이용한다. 분석결과 단기 가격탄력성 및 소득탄력성은 각각 -0.142 및 0.866으로 추정되었으며 유의수준 5%에서 통계적으로 유의하다. 즉 전력수요는 단기적인 관점에서 가격 변화에 대해 비탄력적임과 동시에 소득 변화에 대해서도 비탄력적이다. 장기 가격탄력성 및 소득탄력성을 추정한 결과를 살펴보면 각각 -0.210 및 1.287이며 이 값은 유의수준 5%에서 통계적으로 유의하다. 장기적인 관점에서 보더라도 전력수요는 가격 변화에 대해 여전히 비탄력적인 반면에, 소득 변화에 대해서는 전력수요가 탄력적으로 변한다. 따라서 가격정책 위주의 수요관리정책은 단기 및 장기 모두 효과가 제한적이며, 향후 예상되는 소득 증가에 기인하는 전력수요의 증가는 단기보다는 장기에 보다 두드러질 것으로 예상된다.