• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.536-546
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether walking exercise improved physical function in elderly people using meta-analysis. Methods: Medical and nursing literature databases were searched to identify the studies on the effectiveness of walking exercise on physical function. In the databases, there were 16 articles reporting 21 interventions. Overall effect sizes for three outcome variables, elders' physical function in lower limb muscle endurance, whole body endurance and upper body flexibility, were calculated. Effects of study characteristics on outcome variables were analyzed. Results: The meta-analysis showed that walking exercise generally had positive effects on CST (chair stand test), 6MW (6 min walking), and SRT (standing or sitting reach test) with overall weighted effect sizes of 1.06, 0.41 and 0.29 respectively. This study also showed that the chronic disease status of the elders, intervention methods, and type of residence had different effects on CST, 6MW and SRT. Conclusion: The results indicate that walking exercise improves physical function in elders. Walking exercise which can be done at any time and any location is indeed a very effective exercise for elderly people.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity in the elderly with osteoarthritis on stress and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D). This study performed data analysis using the SPSS 17.0 program in 104 elderly people with osteoarthritis over 65 years old using raw data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey. The main results of this study are as follows: Males exercised more strength than women, and the better the subjective health status, the higher the rate of walking and aerobic activity. The group that felt stress showed a higher rate of walking and aerobic activity than the group that had no stress, and one group that felt a little stress practiced walking more than 3 days. The exercise ability of the elderly with osteoarthritis was better in the group who practiced walking, strength training, and aerobic activity than in the group without physical activity, and in self-management, the group practicing exercise and aerobic activity had problems with self-management. There was no daily activity, and the group that practiced walking and strength training also showed a high level of daily activity. In the area of pain/discomfort, the group practicing walking showed less pain/discomfort, and in the area of anxiety/depression, the group practicing walking showed less anxiety/depression. In conclusion, it is considered that in order to increase the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis and to manage the stress, active efforts to increase the level of physical activity are necessary.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1576-1585
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• 2018

Regularly participating in physical activity is known to improve quality of life and body composition in elderly with stroke. However, comparatively less physical activity is performed by the stroke survivors. The factors related to inactivity in elderly female stroke survivors have not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to compare the quality of life factors and limb compositions between the active and inactive elderly female stroke survivors. Forty nine subjects between the ages of 65 to 75 years were selected from the KNHANES data between the years 2009 to 2011. In addition, 186 agematched healthy peers were also selected for limb composition comparisons. The subjects were groups based on walking days per week: walkers; 3 days or more, non-walkers; less than 3 days per week. BMI and waist circumference were within the obesity ranges for both the non-walkers and walkers. As results, the trend for greater fat (${\pm}10%$) and lean mass (${\pm}30%$) differences were observed for non-walker and walkers, respectively. Significantly greater reasons for function limitation by stroke and hypertension were reported with significantly greater self-care difficulty was shown by the walkers. In conclusion, elderly female stroke survivals may require customized motivation and continuous support to participate in physical activity regularly.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2013

We have developed a serious game for the elderly named 'Paldokangsan 2' in 2012 as a next version of 'Paldokangsan 1'. 'Paldokangsan 1' was a walking game for two people using controllers of armrests and footboards with PC. 'Paldokangsan 2' had additional purpose to assist cognitive, physical, and psychological functions of the elderly. Especially, walking activity was implemented in a way that a player walks around the old traditional market place in 1970's while remembering and choosing healthy food to buy. We also developed two mini games for the elderly and people with functional disability with the similar purpose as 'Paldokangsan2'. 219 older adults (age$$\geq_-$$ 65) recruited from Asan city community center participated in the study. The result showed that the game play exerted positive effects on memory, concentration and vitality of the elderly.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• 제20권
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• pp.279-292
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• 2015

As the aging society is rapidly coming, the needs for the elderly-friendly living environments was also increasing. The purpose of this study was to examine how frequently 25 neighborhood facilities were used by the elderly and what facility they wanted to be arranged within their walking distance. The subject of this study were 158 elderlies who were their ages of more than 65 years and lived in Busan. The data were collected by using an one to one interview method. Findings were as follows; 1) The elderly used very frequently facility for the elderly such as a senior center, walking road, and park and green space. Also, bus stop, traditional market, and resting facilities were used relatively frequently. 2) Some neighborhood facilities were used not frequently, but periodically. 3) Using frequencies of some neighborhood facilities were different by the elderly's characteristics. 4) Among 25 neighborhood facilities, the facilities which the old persons wanted to be arranged within walking distance were medical clinics, facilities for the elderly, subway station, bus stop, traditional market, park and green space, walking road, and food market/convenience store.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2021

Considering that the aged population increases and the mobility problem is pointed out as a factor that indisposes the quality of life, cognition, and mood, it is important to understand and evaluate the elderly's mobility. Factors that deteriorate mobility in the elderly include physical senility, various health changes including chronic diseases, polypharmacy as well as anticholinergics. Common mobility problems in old age are reduced gait speed, increased gait variability in walking length, careless walking, and frequent falls. Several studies have reported that decreased mobility and deterioration of gait can predict cognitive decline and emotional problems. Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and balance exercise are suggested as therapeutic interventions for mobility problems. Active correction for factors that reduce mobility in the elderly and prescribing physical activity can conserve the elderly's quality of life and help improve cognition and mood. There is a need for related research in the future.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of heart rate (HR) and velocity measurements during peak effort and free treadmill walking tests in older patients with gait-impaired chronic hemiparetic stroke and control group. Twenty-two adults (13 men, 9 women; mean age, $73.7{\pm}5.2$ yrs) with chronic hemiparetic stroke are the experimental group. Nineteen elderly people (5 men, 14 women; mean age, $72.3{\pm}3.5$ yrs) were recruited as control group. Patients had mild to moderate chronic hemiparetic gait deficits, making handrail support necessary during treadmill walking. Free and peak effort treadmill walking tests were measured and then repeated at least two days later. Reliability was calculated from HR and walking velocity during free and peak effort treadmill walking test. Among the people who had strokes, HR [ICC(2,1)=.85, r=.86] and velocity [ICC(2,1)=.93, r=.93] were good parameters during free testing. Maximal testing generated good results for HR [ICC(2,1)=.81, r=.82] and velocity [ICC(2,1)=.96, r=.96] with the chronic hemiparetic stroke. In elderly people, HR [ICC(2,1)=.59, r=.62] and velocity [ICC(2,1)=.77, r=.76] were moderately reliable during free testing. Maximal testing produced moderate parameters for HR [ICC(2,1)=.74, r=.74] and velocity [ICC(2,1)=.66, r=.66] in the elderly. This study provides that free and maximal treadmill testing produce highly reliable HR and velocity measurements in adults with chronic hemiplegia using minimal handrail support.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.478-487
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of wearable complex muscle support system on energy efficiency during walking in elderly. Design: Cross sectional study Methods: Twenty healthy elderly participated in this study. All subjects performed a 6 minuteswalk test(6MWT) and stair climbing test in dual, slack and no suit conditions. In each condition, oxygen consumption(VO₂), metabolic equivalents(METs), energy expenditure measures(EEm), physiological cost index(PCI), walking velocity and heartrate were measured. Through repeated measured ANOVA, it was investigated whether there was a statistically significant difference in the measurement results between the three conditions. Results: In over-ground walking, VO₂, METs and EEm showed significant differences between no suit and slack conditions(p<0.05). In stair climbing, VO₂ showed significant difference between slack and dual conditions(p<0.05). Also, METs and EEm showed significant differences between no suit and slack, and between slack and dual conditions(p<0.05). Conclusions: Wearing the wearable complex muscle support system for elderly does not have much benefit in energy metabolism efficiency in over-ground, but there is a benefit in stair walking.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2017

For the elderly whose path-finding capability and distance perception abilities have been weakened, the study intends to provide UI design of a wrist type walking aid device which allows the elderly to receive both visual and haptic information that induces the elderly' occasional attention by utilizing currently available haptic technology. The study asked 30 the elderly older than 65 years old, target consumers of the technology, to wear a smart watch and find a path by following the directions provided by four different UI versions of Wizard of Oz. Then, the study has conducted post-experience interview. Quantitative analyses was performed their preference level, number of misguided participants and the number of deviations incurred. Based on the data collected, the study has applied grounded theory, a qualitative research methodology, in order to grasp new understanding about the research, and has consequently reached some significant implications for further research on wrist type walking aid device for the elderly, who show self-contradictory demands.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2014

We have developed a serious game for the elderly named 'Paldokangsan3' as a next version of 'Paldokangsan2' which was a walking game with memorization in shopping streets using controllers of hand buttons and foot boards with PC developed in 2012. The interface of had buttons and food boards were changed into the interface of motion capture with the aid of Kinect. The expected effects are improvement of memorization, improvement of concentration ability to find out items in the vision, improvement of vitality through physical walking actions, as well as improvement of mental health through entertainment activities of game play. We have tested 25 volunteers of more than 65 years old in Cheonan city community center for the elderly for 2 weeks. We got the result that the game play was showing positive effectiveness on memorization, physical exercise and self-esteem in mental health area of the elderly.