• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.113-122
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of drinking water on the change in blood pressure after spinal surgery. Methods: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pretest and posttest design was employed. Subjects were consisted of 40 elderly patients who underwent spine surgery (20 in the experimental group, 20 in the control group). Data were collected from May 9th to September 30th, 2013. The experimental design involved patients drinking 400 mL of water in 5 mins after surgery and the blood pressure was measured in a standing position following the first 30 minutes after surgery. Control group received the same treatment and care as experimental group, except for the water intake. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 19.0 for $x^2-test$, t-test and independent t-test. Results: Experimental group with water intake demonstrated a significant higher level of systolic blood pressure compared to the control group (t=9.065, p=.005), but showed a non-significant level of diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: This study indicates that water intake can be utilized as a useful nursing intervention to monitor changes in systolic blood pressure in elderly patients after spinal surgery.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to verify the effects of foot reflexology on the self-esteem and vitality of elders. Method: A non- equivalent control group pre- and post-test design was used. Research instruments to measure self-esteem and vitality were used in this study. The participants were elderly women hospitalized in a hospital in Okcheon County, Chungbuk Province, Korea. The 18 patients in the experimental group performed 40 minutes of foot reflexology per time for a total of 12 times over two weeks, and the 18 patients in the control group received regular care only. Before and after the experiment, both groups were tested for self-esteem and vitality. Frequencies, percentages, $\chi^2$-test, t-test and Mann-Whitney U test with the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program were used to analyze the collected data. Results: Vitality of the elderly women patients improved significantly in the experimental group. However self-esteem did not increase significantly. Conclusion: Foot reflexology is effective as a nursing intervention in improving the health of elders.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.11-23
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore factors related quality of life among cancer survivor in order to identify strategies for cancer survivors to go back to normal life and carry on stable and high quality life. Methods : This study used the $1^{st}$ to $6^{th}$ data of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(KLoSA). The sample of this study consisted of 118 cancer survivors, all of whom were diagnosed with cancer for more than 10 years later in 2016. Results : Regression analysis of major factors related to the quality of life of elderly cancer survivors showed that the results of 2006 and 2016 were different. In 2006, factors related to cancer were highly correlated with quality of life, but in 2016, it was associated with pain and depression. Conclusions : The results of this study confirm that the factors related to quality of life in cancer survivors change with survival period. Therefore, this study suggests comprehensive care strategies based on the stage of survivorship.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.254-263
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• 2015

Objectives: The present study assessed the prevalence of the potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in Korean elderly patients with Parkinson's disease. In addition, this study examined risk factors that affect PIM use. Method: A retrospective, observational study was conducted using Korean National Health Insurance claims database of 2009. PIM use in Parkinson's disease patients aged 65 years or older was examined based on 2012 Beers Criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors for PIM use. Results: Among 5,277 elderly patients with Parkinson's disease, 88.9% of patients used PIM(s) at least once. The average number of PIM items used per patient was 4.2. PIM use ratio, the proportion of total amount of PIMs to all medications per patient, was 12.6%. Frequently used PIM therapeutic classes were benzodiazepines (32.7%), first-generation antihistamines (19.2%), and prokinetics (17.5%). Individual PIMs most commonly used included chlorpheniramine (11.4%), levosulpiride (10.9%), diazepam (9.0%), and alprazolam (7.6%). Women (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.16), medical aid (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.15-1.21), and long-term facilities (OR 2.43, 95% CI 2.22-2.65) were shown to be risk factors associated with PIM use. Of particular, wide variation in PIM use was associated with the types of healthcare facility. Conclusion: The PIM prevalence was very high in elderly Parkinson's disease patients. Nationally effective and systematic efforts to identify and prevent PIM use should be made to ensure patient safety and to improve quality of care in the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.215-224
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Hahoe mask dance on the gait and muscle activity in the elderly who lived at a elderly welfare facility. Methods : Dancing group was consisted of 20 subjects(over 70 years). The time of measurement was assigned in pre measurement, after 1 month, after 2 months. Subjects was received the Hahoe mask dance for three times a week during 8 weeks. The control group was consisted of 20 the elderly (similar age) who didn't received dancing. Assessment of gait function included the gait velocity, step time, stride, step length, it was analyzed in activity for 4 muscles (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius). Results : Activities for muscles of control group was decreased in rectus femoris, bieps femoris, however, those of experimental group was increased significantly(p<.05). While control group showed decrease in the gait velocity per second (p<.05), experimental group showed statistically significant increase(p<.05). Control group had a significant long time than that of control group in gait time of right and left foot(p<.05). Control group was a little longer than control group in stride time of right and left foot(p<.05). Step length for control group was shorter than that for experimental group both foots(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, this study confirmed that activities for 4 muscles by EMG have showed significant increases, so we will use a programme of muscle improvement in elderly community welfare faculty. We recommend that further research should explore the degree of muscle activity by larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.773-788
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in nutrient intake according to the level of self-perception of health status, aging status and life satisfaction of the rural elderly. The factors for the study were surveyed by interview method. The subjects were 270 people(71 male, 129 female) aged over 65 years(73.5 $\pm$ 5.6ys) in the Ham-an area. The obtained results as follows : By evaluation of self-perception of health status, 57.5% of subjects answered they are in a bad health condition. The 91.5% of subjects had diseases(rheumatitis & arthritis 31.4%, cardiovascular disease 20.2%, gastric disease 10.2%). The women had more diseases than the men(p < 0.01). The subjects took medical treatment in private hospital(40.5%) and public health centers(35.0%). The men showed better level of aging status(p < 0.001) and life satisfaction index(p < 0.01) than the worsen. Living with spouse influenced the aging status(p < 0.05) and the more pocket money influenced life satisfaction(p < 0.05) and aging status(p < 0.05). The elderly who eat regularly 3 times a day(p < 0.05) and have a good appetite(p < 0.001) appeared to have positive effect on the self perception of health status and aging status. An increasing level of the self-perception of health status and regular exercise worked to improve aging status(p < 0.001). The habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, however had no effect on any index. The self-perception of health status affected the nutrient intake, but only in female elderly. The aging status and the life satisfaction index related overall positively to the intake of nutrients. In conclusion, the study shows that gender did influence nutrient intake in the elderly. The women who live alone rated lowest in social resources and health condition therefore their nutrient intake was also extremely in deficit. For successful aging, a program for rural elderly is needed, i.e. actions to provide minimum economic life, food delivery and psychological/physical health care through regional public health centers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.47-64
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• 1998

This study was conducted to collect the baseline data of physical health status and nursing needs of the elderly for developing an educational program for nursing professionals. The data was collected from 287 people who were 65 years old or older belonging to a selected 8 out of the 39 welfare centers in Pusan during the period from February 25 to November 30, 1996. Socio-demographic characteristics, frequency of hospitalization, and the prevalence of chronic illnesses were measured to assess the physical health status of the center's elderly admitted to the hospital during the period of data collection. The 5-point Likert-type scale composed of 20 items was used. The data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Program (SPSS PC+). The results were summarized as follows : 1. The proportion of elderly subjects with chronic illnesses was 73.6%. Among 6 types of chronic illnesses, hypertension was the most prevalent(23.7%), cardiovascular disease was the second(18.1%), gastrointestinal disease the third(17.1%), musculosskeletal disease the fourth(12.9%), liver and biliary disease the fifth(12.5%), and diabetes the sixth. 2. The average score of the subjects' health status was 3.649 on the 5-point Likert scale. Among the 6 factors related to physical health, personal hygiene was the strongest factor(4.612) ; elimination was the second(4.491) ; sensation the third(4.369), outside activity the fourth(3.675), digestion the fifth(3.331), and sexual life the sixth. 3. Gender, marital status, religion, educational level, family structure, living arrangements, and perceived health status were significantly related to the elderly's physical health status. 4. Among the nursing needs of the elderly, emotional support and care was the strongest need(74.2%) ; physical therapy was the second(73.2%) ; education about diease control the third(64.8%) ; medication the fourth(63.8%) ; and the range of motion exercise the fourth(61.0%).

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.55-68
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• 2017

Objectives: Republic of Korea has entered an aged society, recently. As chronic diseases increase, elderly inpatients has been increasing and they have used caregivers for convenience. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the oral health knowledge and attitude of caregivers on oral health management of elderly inpatients, which would affect the general health and quality of life. Methods: A survey questionnaire was distributed to the caregiver(n=165), at a neurosurgery or orthopedic hospital inpatient ward in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do from April 1 to 14, 2017. We analyzed the data with descriptive statistics analysis, chi-squared analysis and logistic regression analysis by using SPSS 23.0. Results: The response rate to the questionnaire was 92%. Oral health management provided by caregivers to inpatients in the elderly was prevention of oral diseases(92.8%), tooth brushing (89.5%), use of oral care products(68.4%), denture cleaning(90.8%) and oral cleaning(90.8%). Frequency analysis of oral health management in accordance with the educational needs of caregivers was all confirmed statistically significant(p<0.05). In the logistics regression model, oral health knowledge was significantly associated with low oral cleaning(OR=1.58) and oral health attitude was significantly associated with high denture cleaning(OR=1.29) and oral cleaning(OR=1.28) after adjustment for other covariates including gender, age, certification, education level, ward, working years. Conclusions: It is necessary to expand the scope and improve the quality of education that can change the attitudes and behaviors of the caregivers on the oral health management of the elderly on the basis of the current oral health education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.432-439
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• 2019

This study was a qualitative study that attempted to find out the meaning of preparation for dying well that the elderly think through a question of how to prepare for dying well. The focus group interview was conducted on 10 elderly people aged 65 or older who visited the elderly welfare center in B city, Gyeonggi-do, and a total of two groups were interviewed with five subjects as one group. As a result, eight themes were drawn from four dimensions of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. In physical preparation, 'health management' and 'doing what you want to do' were derived. In psychological preparation, 'not regretting' and 'giving to others' were derived, and in social preparation, 'organizing property', 'determining a place of death you wish', and 'writing a letter of advance life sustaining care directives' were derived. In spiritual preparation, 'relying on religion' was derived. The elderly were preparing for well-being in various aspects, and when developing a program for well-being, the program should be planned to prepare for actual death in various aspects.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate functional disability for the elderly in rural Korea and to identify influencing factors of functional disability. Methods : The data were collected for 76 community-dwelling elderly in rural area and above 65 years. We assessed cognitive function, functional disability, depression using LACLS, WHODAS 2.0, SGDS-K. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for general characteristics of subjects, Spearman's correlation among LACLS, SGDS-K, WHODAS 2.0, age, educational levels. And multiple regression was used to find influencing factors of functional disability. Results : As a result of this study, we identified that WHODAS 2.0 total score was 50.59, summary score was 9.94 and functional disability of the elderly in rural area is in the 70^th percentile. The highest level of disability occurred in areas related to 'life activities (household)', 'participation in society' and the lowest level of disability occured in areas of 'self-care', 'getting along with people'. Functional disability was significantly correlated with age (r=.398), cognitive function (r=-.547), depression (r=-.563) but not educational levels (r=-.215). Finally, we confirmed that depression (𝛽=.371), cognitive function (𝛽=-.263), widowed status (𝛽=.303), age (𝛽=.272), non-participation of community program (𝛽=.165) was significantly influencing factors of functional disability and the explanatory power of these factors was 52.80 %. Conclusion : This study revealed important factors of functional disability. Therefore, we need to consider these factors when we developed program related to health for the elderly (aged > 65 years) in rural Korea. Further, we need to standardize WHODAS 2.0 in order to enhance its applicability in clinical practices.