• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.52-58
• /
• 2016

The elastomeric O-ring is the most-commonly-used seal due to its excellent sealing capacity, and its availability in various costs and sizes; furthermore, its importance has lasted over a long duration. However, a dearth of research exists in Korea regarding the elastomeric O-ring and the corresponding techniques. The constituent parts of elastomeric rubber are important; to determine their properties, the uni-axial tension and equi-biaxial tension need to be tested. Also, the non-linear analysis method reduces the design cost. An O-ring failure causes leaks and vibration. In this paper, foreign objects are used to affect an O-ring and its performance so that all angles of the O-ring design can be considered. This paper presents a solution for the O-ring-failure problem using a finite-element analysis.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2017

Elastomeric o-ring performance and structure when subjected to a foreign object is studied using finite element analysis (FEA). Elastomeric o-rings have been studied using 2D analysis for a long time. Contact pressure is an important factor in o-ring design. When contact pressure is lower than applied pressure, leaking, vibration, and noise can occur; resulting in decreased output. In this study, we compared 2D and 3D analyses of elastomeric o-rings. Similar results were shown for 2D and 3D contact pressure. However, when an o-ring encounters foreign object matter, 3D analysis is required because contact pressure in every direction needs to be considered. We determined the influence of foreign matter on o-ring performance and structure by analyzing 10 cases with different clearances in a 3D model. Therefore, an o-ring encountering foreign object matter must be analyzed in 3D with the result included in the o-ring design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2007

Elastomeric O-ring seals are widely used in static and dynamic applications. A compressed and highly pressurized O-ring seal inserted under laterally one-sided constrained condition has been analyzed experimentally and numerically. The deformed shape and extrusion length of the O-ring under high pressure has been measured by the computed tomography. Through the comparison of experimental and FE results, the numerical analysis technique has been verified. Using verified FE method, the contact stress profiles at sealing surfaces have been investigated and their relevance to the 0-ring performance evaluated based on stress-related and displacement-related parameters. It has been found that the contact stress profiles and deformation behaviors of the seal are affected by friction coefficient, gap clearance, and pressure considerably.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2007

Static or dynamic elastomeric O-ring seals are installed between joining parts, and play key roles of high pressure-tightening. Sealing performance and structural safety of the O-ring are dependent on groove design, plain diameter, squeeze and applications such as pressure and temperature. In this study, to solve O-ring problem squeezed and highly pressurized under laterally one-sided constrained condition, hyperelastic FE analyses are performed, and FE results are compared with measured ones by computer-aided tomography, deformed shape and extrusion depth of the O-ring. Through the comparisons, FE analysis technique was verified. In order to evaluate design sensitivity, Taguchi method was used to select FE analysis cases. Adjustment parameters are clearance gap, groove comer radius, plain diameter and squeeze. By means of verified FE analysis technique, it has been analysed how the parameters have effects on contact stress fields, internal stress fields, and extrusion depths. Sealing performance has been evaluated based on contact stress fields and contact widths, and structural safety on internal stress and strain, extrusion lengths.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.291-295
• /
• 2002

O-ring seal is usual component part in various mechanical apparatus for sealing that makes efficient performance of the equipments. The sealing performance of O-ring is affected in environments of the O-rings, like that applied pressure, working temperature, pre-compressed ratio and materials. In this paper, a pressurized, compressed elastomeric bi-polymer O-ring inserted into a rectangular groove is analyzed numerically using the MARC finite element program. The calculated FEM results showed that bi-polymer O-ring that is manufactured by NBR for an inner and FFKM for an outer ring shows a low temperature distribution among various bi-polymer O-ring models. But, the normal contact stress between the flange and upper part of the O-ring is small compared to other bi-polymer model.

• KSTLE International Journal
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2001

The paper deals with a non-linear finite element analysis of the thermomechanical distortions of an elastomeric O-ring seal including a temperature gradient. Axial compression of O-ring seals, as well as the influence of the temperature gradients and various O-ring seal models, are investigated based on the axisymmetric analysis. The highest temperature occurs near the interface of the O-ring between the dovetail groove bottom and the O-ring seal. The calculated FEM results indicate that the composite O-ring with the diametral ratio, 0.8 shows very stable and recommendable compared with other seal models far elevated temperatures and corrosive environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.86-93
• /
• 2009

Elastomeric O-rings have been the most common seals due to their excellent sealing capacity, and availability in costs and sizes. One of the critical applications of O-ring seals is solid rocket motor joint seal where the operating hot gas must be sealed during the combustion. This has long been a design issue to avoid the system failure. For laterally constrained, squeezed and pressurized condition, deformed shape of O-ring was measured by computed tomography method and CCD laser sensor, compared with numerical calculations. As clearance gap changes, sealing performance had been evaluated on peak contact stresses at top, bottom and side contact surfaces. As clearance gap increases, peak contact stresses and contact widths in top and side contact surfaces increase, and the asymmetry of stress distributions is promoted due to pressure increase. It is suggested that peak stress of bottom contact surface can be approximated by simple superposition of peak ones due to squeeze and pressure. Under pressurized condition, sealing performance is dependent on not peak stresses of bottom and side contact surfaces but that of top.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2003

The sealing performance of an elastomeric O-ring using the double layered material has been analyzed fer the contact stress behaviors that develop between the O-ring seal and the surfaces with which it comes into contact. The leakage of an O-ring will occur when the pressure differential across the seal Just exceeds the initial (or static) peak contact stress. The contact stress behaviors that develop in compressed O-rings, in common case of dovetail grooved geometry, are investigated using the finite element method. The FE analysis includes material hyperelasticity and axisymmetry. The computed FEM results show that the contact stress behaviors are related to the ratio of diameter between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the temperature of vacuum chamber.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.06a
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2000

The sealing performance of an elastomeric O-ring seal using NBR and FFKM has been analyzed for the contact stress behaviors that develop between the O-ring seal and the surfaces with which it comes into contact. The leakage of an O-ring seal will occur when the pressure differential across the seal just exceeds the initial (or static) peak contact stress. The contact stress behaviors that develop in compressed O-rings, in common case of restrained geometry(grooved), are investigated using the finite element method. The analysis includes material hyperelasticity and axisymmetry. The computed FEM results show that the contact stress behaviors are related to materials of NBR and FFKM and temperature of vaccum chamber.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.138-143
• /
• 2000

The sealing performance of an elastomeric O-ring seal with a temperature gradient has been analyzed for the contact stress behaviors that develop between the O-ring seal and the housing surfaces with which it comes into contact in the dovetail groove. The leakage of an O-ring seal will occur when the pressure differential across the seal just exceeds the initial peak contact stress. The contact stress behaviors that develop in compressed O-rings, in common case of restrained geometry (grooved), are investigated using the finite element method. The FE analysis includes material hyperelasticity and axisymmetry The computed FEM results show that the contact stress behaviors are related to a compression rate and a temperature gradient between the vacuum chamber with a dovetail groove and the contacting plate with a cooling jacket.