• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2775-2780
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• 2012

In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the use of functional foods for disease control. Fruits and vegetables produce phytochemicals such as flavonoids and antioxidants which can lower oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic ailments like cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity and the possible protective effects of Amaranthus paniculatus leaves on the antioxidant defense system in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC)-treated mice. Oral administration of the leaf extract at different doses caused a significant decrease in tumor volume, viable cell count and tumor weight and elevated the life span of EAC bearing mice. It also showed an improved antioxidant potential as evidenced by a significant increase in the cellular antioxidant defense system such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione and also significantly reduced the levels of TBARS. The levels of RBC, hemoglobin and lymphocyte count were altered in EAC bearing mice and were reverted back to near normal levels after the treatment with the leaf extracts. Their adequate content of total phenolics and flavonoids, DPPH scavenging activity which further suggests that the extracts exert a significant protection against oxidative stress conditions.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.193-200
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• 2000

Basidiomycete, Agaricus blazei murill has grown Brazil naturally. It was first cultivated 1997 in Korea. Proteoglycan or polysaccharide which have the effect of immunopotency and anticancer were extracted from it. From the mycelium of cultivated mushroom, were extracted lectin, linoleic acid, FIII-2-b, and simmilar to glucomannan from fruit body of Basidiomycete Agaricus blazei. Fruit body was more studied than mycelium. The experiments were most in vivo study. The effect were shown on S-180, MethA tumor, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, Shionogi carcinoma 42, Meth A fibrosarcoma by transferation of tumor cell line, specially effectiveness on the S-180. About immunopotenciation, were shown as activation of NK cell, pancreatic T-cell, helper T cell, enhancement of population of cytotoxity T cell. It was effect on the MethA tumor cells in vitro cell cytotoxity and has induction of apoptosis. Forthermore cytotoxity of many other tumor cell line, aneiognensis, cell cyle studies will be needed.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2008

The methanol extract of stem barks of Careya arborea Roxb. (MECA) (Family- Myrtaceae) was evaluated for antitumor activity and antioxidant status against Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing Swiss albino mice. After 24 h of tumor inoculation the MECA was administered at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/mice/day for 14 days. After the last dose and 18 h fasting mice were sacrificed. The effect of MECA on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing hosts, hematological profiles, serum and liver biochemical parameters were estimated. The MECA showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in ascites volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and prolonged the life span of EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological profiles reverted to more or less normal levels in extract treated mice. The MECA also produced protective effect by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin and increase the protein and uric acid levels. MECA significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation, while significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of glutathione content, vitamin C, vitamin E, superoxide dismutase and catalase CAT. The results indicate that MECA exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in EAC bearing mice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.915-921
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• 2015

Context: In the last half century, discovering, developing and introducing of clinical agents from marine sources have seen great successes, with examples including the anti-cancer compound trabectedin. However, with increasing need for new anticancer drugs, further exploration for novel compounds from marine organism sources is strongly justified. Objective: The major aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor and antioxidant potential of Sargassum tenerrimum J.Agardh (Sargassaceae) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice. Materials and Methods: An ethanol extract of S. tenerrimum (EEST) from whole algae was used to evaluate cytotoxicity followed by in vivo assessment of toxicity, using biochemical parameters including hepatic and non-hepatic enzymes. Antioxidant properties were examined in animals bearing EAC treated with daily oral administration of 100-300 mg/kg extract suspension. Results: Antitumor effects of EEST in EAC bearing mice was observed with LD50 1815 mg/kg. Parameters like body weight, tumor volume, packed cell volume, tumor cell count, mean survival time and increase in life span in animals in the EAC bearing animals treated with EEST 300 mg/kg was comparable with control group. Significant differences were also seen with changes in total protein content, hepatic enzymes contents, MDA level, and free radical scavenging enzymes in untreated vs. EEST treated group animals. Conclusions: Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic enzymes in the EAC animal model treated with EEST exhibited similar effects as the positive control drug 5-flurouracil. S. tenerrimum extracts contain effective antioxidants with significant antitumor activity.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.193-200
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• 2010

This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the duodenal epithelial cells of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). In the experimental groups, each mouse was inoculated with $1{\times}10^7$ Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day after inoculations, 0.2 mL of saline or BCG (0.5 mL/25 g B.W.: $0.03{\times}10^8\sim0.32{\times}10^8$ CFU) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the 7th injection of saline or BCG, each mouse was injected with a single dose of $0.7{\mu}Ci$/g of methyl-$^3H$-thymidine (25 Ci/mmol, Amersham Lab, England) through tail vein. Seventy minutes after the thymidine injection, animals were sacrificed, and duodenal tissues were taken and fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Deparaffinized sections were coated with autoradiographic emulsion EM-1 (Amersham Lab, England) in a dark room and dried and were placed in a light-tight box. The number of labeled epithelial cells in the duodenal mucosae (mean number of labeled epithelial cells per 3.5 mm length of mucosa) were observed and calculated. On the light microscopic study, duodenal mucosae had no severe morphological changes following the injection of BCG. In the tumor control and BCG treated groups, a number of small lymphocytes and eosinophile leucocytes are slightly increased as compared with those of the normal control ones. On the autoradiographic study, number of the labeled cells of normal control, tumor control and BCG-treated mice were 632.3 (${\pm}14.47$), 761.7 (${\pm}27.65$) and 505.0 (${\pm}17.09$) respectively. From the above results, BCG may suppress the DNA synthesis of the duodenal epithelial cells, but does not results severe structural defect on the duodenal mucosae. And it is suggested that BCG may greatly improve the anticancer therapy on certain kind of cancer.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.175-190
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects of Gamihagochosan Extract(加味夏枯草散抽出液) on antitumor effects after human cell lines (A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Ehrlich) transplantation into the peritoneal cavity or right groin in mice induced by RPMI1640 and GIBCO etc., the extracts of its herbal medicines were orally administered for 10 or 12 days. Experimental studies were performed for measurement of antitumor effect of Mitomycin C(MMC) and lysosomal enzyme's activities using colony forming efficiency, SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for the measurement of antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows : 1. The change of colony-forming efficiency and SRB assay of Caki-1 cells, hep3B and A549 Cells after exposure to the extract of Gamihagochosan extract depressed the growth of tumor cells by concentration of Garnihagochosan. 2. Antitumor activity of the ethanol extract from Gamihggochosan extract and MMC on ascites form of Ehrlich carcinoma in mice is slightly improved. Especially the mean of survival times in the group of 200mg/kg and MMC 0.1mg/kg is improved over 34.9%. 3. When Gamihggochosan extract and MMC are administered together, the weight of tumor is more decreased than MMC alone. 4. The lysosomal enzyme's activities of the Gamihagochosan extract and MMC are more significantly improved than MMC alone. According to the above result, it could be suggested that Gamihagochosan extract has indirect antitumor effect by the increase of MMC uptake.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.294-298
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• 2008

Effects of endosulfan (EN), an insecticide, and bleomycin (BL), an antibiotic, on the body weight in the normal mice, and the in vivo cell growth, tumor weight, and hematological parameters of the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell-bearing Swiss albino mice Mus musculus were evaluated. EN and BL were respectively administered orally and intraperitoneally to the experimental mice; the control group consisted of EAC cell-bearing untreated mice only. EN reduced the body weight in normal mice, whereas BL resulted in a steady body weight compared to the control. EN increased the EAC cell count significantly by reducing the growth of normal viable cells. In contrast, BL reduced the cell count by increasing the proportion of viable cells in the body. The tumor weights induced by EN were significantly higher than those of the EAC control and the BL-treated animals. In comparisons with the control and the BL mice, hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (%) and the number of RBC and lymphocytes were lowered, while counts of WBC, neutrophils, and monocytes were elevated after EN treatments. These results show that BL is capable of reducing the EN-induced neoplastic and haematological alterations in the mice under laboratory conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-136
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects of Soyosangamibang Extract(逍遙散加味方抽出液) on antitumor effects after human cell lines(A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Ehrlich) transplantation into the peritoneal cavity or right groin in mice induced by RPMI1640 and GIBCO etc., the extracts of its herbal medicines were orally administered for 10 or 12 days. Experimental studies were performed for measurance of antitumor effect of MMC(Mitomycin C) and lysosomal enzyme's activities using colony forming efficency, SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows: 1. The change of colony-forming efficiency and SRB assay of Caki-1 cells, hep3B and A549 cells after exposure to the extract of Soyosangamibang extract depressed the growth of tumor cells by concentration of Soyosangamibang, 2. Antitumor activity of the ethanol extract from Soyosangamibang extract and MMC on ascites form of Ehrlich carcinoma in mice is a little improved. Especially mean survival times of the group of 200mg/kg and MMC 0.1mg/kg is improved Over 50%. 3. WhenSoyosangamibang extract and MMC are administrated together, the weight of turnor is more decreased than MMC alone. 4. The lysosomal enzyme's activities of the Soyosangarmibang extract and MMC are more significantly improved than MMC alone. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Soyosangamibang extract has indirect antitumor effect by strengthen the effect of MMC.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.701-710
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• 1993

The pine needles, Pinus densiflow Sieb. et Zucc., which is a feed for goats showing a low incidence rate of cancer were evaluated to confirm the potent anticancer effects, with or without several conventional anticancer drugs. The pine needles collected from Mt. Buk-Han located near Seoul were extracted with 95% methanol and methand and concentrated. From the methanol extract, SOM-A, was extracted dichlormethane and SOM-B was extracted with ethyl acetate. SOM-C was extracted with distilled water. These extracts were tested for their antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Among them, SOM-A and SOM-C exhibited potent antitumor activities described as belows. 1. The cytotoxic effects of SOM-A and SOM-C were examined against in vitro cultured murine and humman tumor cells. SOM-A showed strong cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines and SOM-C showed strong cytotoxicity against murine tumor cell lines tested. 2. The antitumor effects of SOM-A and SOM-C were examined against P388 and L1210 of mouse ascitic tumors. The highest mean survival time(MST) ration was 151%(P388) for SOM-C(90mg/kg). 3. To compare the antitumor effects of SOM-A, SOM-B, and SOM-C against solid tumors, S-180 and Ehrlich carcinoma were implanted subcutaneously to mice on Day O. The drugs were given intraperitoneally to mice once a day on Days 1-20, and the tumor weights were measured on Day 21. SOM-A showed inhibition of tumor growth more than 50% in the experiment on S-180 and Ehrlich, and SOM-C also markedly inhibited tumor growth. However, SOM-B had no effect. 4. SOM-C combined with ${\alpha}$-interferon and SOM-C combined with Mitomycin-C enhanced the antitumor activities against murine ascitic tumors P388 leukemia.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 1973

Seven ${\beta}$-substituted-2,4-dihydroxy-5-nitropropiophenones were synthesized as potential antineoplastic agents, and subjected to the screening test of survival effect and cell decrease effect. Of the sunthesized compounds, ${\beta}$-(1-methyl-1-hydroxymlethy) ethylamino-2, 4-dihydrocy-5-nitropropiophenone and ${\beta}$(1,1-dihydorxymethyl) ethylamino-2,4-dihydroxy-5-dihyropropiophenone and ${\beta}$-(1,1-dihydroxymethyl) propylamino-2,4-dihydroxy-5-nitropropiophenone were found to be active against both Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Sarcoma 180.