• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2013

The life cycle of butterflies is closely related to the growth of food plants and, through a prolonged coevolutionary process, has undergone an ecological adaptation. So, it is important that control the egg-laying number and place to secure enough food plant by female adult to guarantee the survival of the larvae. To study whether oviposition control of the Luehdorfia puziloi takes into greater consideration food plant leaf biomass or leaf abundance, correlation among the egg cluster size, the leaf size, and the number of leaves around egg clusters was investigated. According to the results, the egg clusters size exhibited positive correlation with the leaf size of food plants on which eggs had been laid but did not do so with the number of surrounding leaves. In addition, the number of egg clusters laid exhibited positive correlation with the number of surrounding food plant leaves but not with the leaf size on which eggs had been laid. Consequently, for the Luehdorfia puziloi, the females' recognition of the leaf size seems to be the most important factor in the egg cluster size, and the number of egg clusters had positive correlation with food plant density per unit area.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2017

Objective: To assess the differences in ovarian transcriptomes in Shan Ma ducks between their peak and late stages of egg production, and to obtain new transcriptomic data of these egg-producing ducks. Methods: The Illumina HiSeq 2000 system was used for high throughput sequencing of ovarian transcriptomes from Shan Ma ducks at their peak or late stages of egg production. Results: Greater than 93% of the sequencing data had a base quality score (Q score) that was not less than 20 (Q20). From ducks at their peak stage of egg production, 42,782,676 reads were obtained, with 4,307,499,083 bp sequenced. From ducks at their late stage of egg production, 45,316,166 reads were obtained, with 4,562,063,363 bp sequenced. A comparison of the two datasets identified 2,002 differentially expressed genes, with 790 upregulated and 1,212 downregulated. Further analysis showed that 1,645 of the 2,002 differentially expressed genes were annotated in the non-redundant (NR) database, with 646 upregulated and 999 downregulated. Among the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database, 696 genes were functionally annotated in the clusters of orthologous groups of proteins database, involving 25 functional categories. One thousand two hundred four of the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database were functionally annotated in the gene ontology (GO) database, and could be divided into three domains and 56 categories. The three domains were cellular component, molecular function, and biological process. Among the genes identified in the GO database, 451 are involved in development and reproduction. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database against the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database revealed that 446 of the genes could be assigned to 175 metabolic pathways, of which the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, fructose and mannose metabolic pathways, gonadotropin releasing hormone signaling pathway and transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway were significantly enriched. Conclusion: The differences in ovarian transcriptomes in Shan Ma ducks between their peak and late stages of egg production were elucidated, which greatly enriched the ovarian transcriptomic information of egg-producing ducks.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

The ability of oocytes to undergo normal fertilization and embryo development is acquired during oocyte maturation which is transition from the germinal vesicle stage (GV), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to metaphase of meiosis II (MII). Part of this process includes redistribution of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R), a predominant $Ca^{2+}$ channel on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Type 1 IP3R (IP3R1) is expressed in mouse oocytes dominantly. At GV stage, IP3R1 are arranged as a network throughout the cytoplasm with minute accumulation around the nucleus. At MII stage, IP3R1 diffuses to the entire cytoplasm in a more reticular manner, and obvious clusters of IP3R1 are observed at the cortex of the egg. This structural reorganization provides acquisition of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ oscillatory activity during fertilization. In this review, general properties of IP3R1 in somatic cells and mammalian oocyte are introduced.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1605-1614
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• 2022

The strains associated with foodborne Salmonella enterica Thompson outbreaks in Korea have not been identified. Therefore, we characterized S. Thompson strains isolated from chocolate cakes linked to foodborne outbreaks in Korea. A total of 56 strains were isolated from preserved cake products, products in the supply chain distribution, the manufacturer's apparatus, and egg white liquid products used for cream preparation. Subsequently, serological typing, pathogenic gene-targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole-genome multi-locus sequence typing (wgMLST) were performed to characterize these isolates. The antigen formula of all isolates was 7:k:1,5, namely Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Thompson. All 56 isolates harbored invA, his, hin, and stn, and were negative for sefA and spvC based on gene-targeted PCR analyses. Based on PFGE results, these isolates were classified into one group based on the same SP6X01.011 pattern with 100% similarity. We selected 19 strains based on the region and sample type, which were subjected to wgMLST. Although the examined strains showed 100% similarity, they were classified into seven clusters based on allelic differences. According to our findings, the cause of these outbreaks was chocolate cake manufactured with egg white liquid contaminated with the same Salmonella Thompson. Additionally, comparative analysis of wgMLST on domestic isolates of S. Thompson from the three outbreaks showed genetic similarities of over 99.6%. Based on the results, the PFGE and wgMLST combination can provide highly resolved phylogeny and reliable evidence during Salmonella outbreak investigations.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 1991

Mixed squamous cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma in the thyroid gland is a very rare malignant tumor characterized by rapidly progressive clinical course and radioresistance. A 63-year-old woman had mixed squamous cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma in the thyroid gland diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA), and the diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. She had complained of a fixed, egg-sized mass of the anterior neck with hoarseness for 1 year. The findings of FNA consisted of sheets and clusters of polygonal epithelial cells with hyperchromatic, pleomorphic nuclei and eosinophilic, abundant, laminated cytoplasm. These findings were consistent with squamous cell carcinoma. Also, fool of papillary carcinoma were noted, and the cells exhibited nuclear groovings and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. Total thyroidectomy specimen showed a diffusely infiltrating tumor in the left thyroid which was composed of mixed papillary carcinoma and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. In junction between two components, squamous metaplasia of papillary carcinoma was noted.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.552-557
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• 2007

Salmonella gallinarum로 면역화된 산란계로부터 생산된 계란 난황 중에 들어 있는 anti-S, gallinarum specific IgY를 분리하여 IgY의 효능을 살펴보았다. 또한 면역화 여부, specific IgY 농도별 및 균수별에 따른 항균력을 현미경적 관찰 및 탁도 측정, pH 변화로 검토하였다. 전체 IgY 중 anti-S. gallinarum IgY의 특이항체의 비율은 23%로 나타났다. 또한 anti-S, gallinarum IgY와 Salmonella유사 균주의 항원에 대한 IgY의 선택성을 조사한 결과 생산된 IgY는 S, gallinarum 에만 선택성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. S, gallinarum 배양액에 anti-S. gallinarum specific IgY 0.3%를 첨가한 처리구는 상등액과 침전물에서 S, gallinarum가 응집되는 현상을 보였다. 그러나 면역을 하지 않은 닭에서 생산된 계란으로부터 추출한 IgY와 대조구에서는 응집 반응이 일어나지 않았다. Anti-S, gallinarum IgY를 첨가한 처리구가 대조구보다 S. gallinarum균들이 응집되는 정도에 있어서 확실한 효과를 나타내었다. 현미경 관찰시 균체들의 응집현상은 IgY 0.2% 이상 첨가시에 나타났으며, pH와 탁도에 있어서는 IgY 0.1% 이상 첨가구에서 S. gallinarum 성장 억제의 탁월한 효과를 볼 수 있었다. $10^5CFU/mL$에 Anti-S, gallinarum IgY 0.3%를 첨가한 처리구는 $10^3CFU/mL$와 거의 동일한 탁도를 나타내어 IgY에 의한 성장 억제를 확인할 수 있었다. 현미경적 관찰에서 IgY 첨가량이 증가할수록 더 큰 균괴를 형성하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 위의 결과들을 통해 S. gallinarum로 면역화된 닭으로부터 생산된 계란에서 추출된 IgY를 사용하면 가금티푸스를 예방하는데 이용될 수 있을 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.66-78
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• 2022

The identification of oleaginous yeast species capable of simultaneously utilizing xylose and glucose as substrates to generate value-added biological products is an area of key economic interest. We have previously demonstrated that the Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis NICC30027 yeast strain is capable of simultaneously assimilating both xylose and glucose, resulting in considerable lipid accumulation. However, as no high-quality genome sequencing data or associated annotations for this strain are available at present, it remains challenging to study the metabolic mechanisms underlying this phenotype. Herein, we report a 39,305,439 bp draft genome assembly for C. dermatis NICC30027 comprised of 37 scaffolds, with 60.15% GC content. Within this genome, we identified 524 tRNAs, 142 sRNAs, 53 miRNAs, 28 snRNAs, and eight rRNA clusters. Moreover, repeat sequences totaling 1,032,129 bp in length were identified (2.63% of the genome), as were 14,238 unigenes that were 1,789.35 bp in length on average (64.82% of the genome). The NCBI non-redundant protein sequences (NR) database was employed to successfully annotate 11,795 of these unigenes, while 3,621 and 11,902 were annotated with the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL databases, respectively. Unigenes were additionally subjected to pathway enrichment analyses using the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG), Clusters of orthologous groups for eukaryotic complete genomes (KOG), and Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) databases. Together, these results provide a foundation for future studies aimed at clarifying the mechanistic basis for the ability of C. dermatis NICC30027 to simultaneously utilize glucose and xylose to synthesize lipids.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.263-269
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• 2019

IBV는 전세계적으로 양계산업에 문제시되고 있는 호흡기성 질병으로 육계 및 산란계의 생산성에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구는 2018년도에 분리된 3개의 IBV의 병원성을 확인하였다. 동물실험을 통해서 염증정도, 섬모소실도 그리고 폐사율의 결과를 바탕으로 2018년도 분리주인 QX-like IBV형은 병아리에게서 충분한 병원성을 지닌 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.344-352
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 이른 봄철 계곡에서 번식하는 계곡산개구리 산란지의 수온 및 음환경을 규명하는 것이다. 연구대상지는 한국 중부지역 치악산국립공원의 75개소이었다. 조사기간은 2015년 3월 23일부터 4월 24일까지이었다. 알덩이수와 산란지의 물리적 요인간 상관관계 분석결과 산란지 수온과는 양의 상관관계(p<0.05)를, 산란지 음량과는 음의 상관관계(p<0.05)를 나타내었다. 그러나 면적과 수심은 알덩이수와 상관관계를 나타내지 않았다. 계곡산개구리 산란지와 본류의 수온을 비교한 결과 산란지가 본류보다 평균 $2.2^{\circ}C$ 높았다(p<0.001). 계곡산개구리는 이른 봄철 낮은 온도를 극복하기 위하여 물이 고여 있고, 수심이 10cm 내외로 얕은 곳의 수온이 높은 곳에 산란하고 있었다. 또한 알들을 서로 붙여 낳음으로서 보온효과를 극대화하고 있었다. 계곡산개구리와 산란지의 음량을 본류와 비교한 결과 산란지는 본류보다 6.9dB 조용한 것으로 나타났다(p<0.001). 따라서, 계곡산개구리는 이른 봄철의 낮은 온도, 시끄러운 물소리를 극복하기 위하여 계곡 내에서도 수온이 높고, 조용한 미소서식지를 찾아 산란하는 것으로 판단된다. 본 논문은 양서류 산란지의 음환경 특성을 밝힌 첫번째 논문이라는데서 의의가 있다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2012

배회성거미류의 배후발생과정에서 형태적 분화가 행동학적 특성으로 발현되는 기전을 규명하기 위하여 광릉늑대거미(Arctosa kwangreungensis) 후기배아와 각 발생 단계의 유충을 실험재료로 그 조직학적 및 미세구조적 변화를 광학 및 주사전자현미경으로 분석하였다. 난황주머니를 가진 후기배아는 부속지의 근육조직과 신경절의 미분화로 비활성상태를 유지하며, 시각기의 신경절과 신경의 발달도 미약하였다. 제1령 유충의 두흉부에서는 미분화된 세포집단이 관찰되고 체색의 발현과 복부신경절의 분화가 현저하였다. 먹이 활동을 시작하는 제2령 유충의 중추신경계에는 신경섬유가 급격히 증가되었고, 성체와 유사한 부속지의 분절구조와 시각기의 조직학적 체제가 확립되었다. 제3령 이후의 유충들은 탈피를 거듭하여 두흉부에서 중추신경계가 차지하는 영역이 축소되었고 독선과 근육조직, 그리고 결합조직등의 활발한 분화가 진행되었다. 먹이활동을 시작하는 제2령 유충 단계에서 부속지와 시각기의 조직학적 발생과 이를 통제하는 신경계의 분화가 완료되는 것으로 미루어, 섭식환경이 배후발생과정을 조절할 수 있으며, 특히 시각과 부속지에 의존하여 먹이를 포획하는 배회성거미류의 행동 습성이 형태조직학적 분화와 연관되어 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.