• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2013

PURPOSES: This study aims to suggest a proper left-turn treatment method for the bicycle traffic flow at four-legged intersections. METHODS: Four types of crossing methods are proposed and analyzed : (1) indirect left turn, (2) direct left turn, (3) direct left turn on a Bike Box, and (4) direct left turn on bike left turn lane. The VISSIM simulation tests were conducted based on forty-eight operation scenarios prepared by varying vehicle and bicycle traffic volumes. RESULTS : The results from the four-legged signalized intersections suggest that (1) the indirect left turn is appropriate when vehicle demand is high, (2) the direct left turn is efficient on most traffic situation but the safety is a concern, (3) the direct left turn on a Bike Box is appropriate when bicycle demand is high while vehicle demand is not, and (4) the direct left turn on a bike left turn lane is appropriate when both vehicle and bicycle demand are low. CONCLUSIONS : The direct left turn of bicycle provides more efficiency than the indirect left turn at the four-legged intersections but to apply the methods and to study more, advanced evaluation methods, related law, and insurance programs are needed.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.597-606
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• 2015

지금까지 유턴차로의 설치방법들에 관한 연구는 다양하게 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 구체적인 기준이 제시되지 못하고 있어 유턴차로 설계기준의 마련이 시급한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 인천광역시 상업지역을 대상으로 현장조사를 수행하고, 해당 자료를 활용하여 도시부상업지역 내 신호교차로의 효율적인 좌회전 처리를 위한 유턴허용구간의 적정길이와 전방교차로로부터 유턴 허용구간까지의 최소거리를 산정하여 구체적인 설계기준을 제시하였다. 연구 결과 유턴허용구간의 적정길이는 32m로 산출되었고, 전방 교차로로부터 유턴허용구간의 시점까지의 최소 이격거리는 좌회전 차로수가 1차로인 경우 72m, 2차로인 경우 40m, 3차로인 경우 24m인 것으로 도출되었다. 이렇게 도출된 결과값을 현장조사 값과 비교한 결과 유턴허용구간의 길이 및 전방교차로로부터 유턴허용구간 시점까지의 최소 이격거리가 유사한 조건하에서도 차이가 크게 남을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 유턴차로의 설계에 관한 구체적인 기준이 제시되어있지 않아 발생된 결과로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과를 향후 유턴차로의 설계에 반영한다면 보다 안전하고 효율적인 교차로 운영이 가능해 질 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2016

PURPOSES : Permitted left turn is a turning maneuver in which a vehicle turns left using a gap between oncoming vehicles, called gap acceptance, and it enables for more efficient traffic operation at intersections. In Korea, the permitted left turn has not been a common maneuver at signalized or un-signalized intersections. However, many experts and the Police Agency tried to apply this effective turning maneuver at intersections in Korea since 2010. Though the investigation of gap acceptance is significantly important in understanding a driver's behavior at intersections, there have not been many studies about this topic, specifically a study to develop probability models of gap acceptance behavior. METHODS : In this study, the probability model of gap acceptance behavior for a permitted left turn was developed based on observational field studies. To develop the model, seven variables were analyzed including gap, waiting time, traffic volume, conflict-flow vehicle type, left-turning vehicle type, the number of lane, and time. RESULTS : In the final model, gap and left-turning vehicle type were found to be significant influencing factors. CONCLUSIONS : Through this model development, it was concluded that as the gap size increased, the probability of gap acceptance was higher. Moreover, when a left-turning vehicle was a passenger car, the probability of gap acceptance was higher than compared to large size buses or freight cars.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2018

Calculating the relevant length of left turn storages in urban intersections is very crucial in road designs. A left turn lane consists of deceleration lanes and left turn storages. In this study, we developed methods for calculating relevant lengths of left turn storages that vary at each intersection using UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) spatial images. Problems of conventional design techniques are applying the same number of left turn vehicles (N) using Poisson distribution without considering land use types, using a vehicle length that may not be measurable when applying the length of waiting vehicles (S), and using same storage length coefficient (${\alpha}$), 1.5, for every intersections. In order to solve these problems, we estimated the number of left turn vehicles (N) using an empirical distribution, suggested to use headways of vehicles for (S) to calculate the length of waiting vehicles (S) with a help of using UAV spatial images, and defined ranges of storage length coefficient (${\alpha}$) from 1.0 to 1.5 for flexible design. For more convenient design, it is suitable to classify two cases when possible to know and impossible to know about ratio of large trucks among vehicles when planning an intersection. We developed formula for each case to calculate left turn storage lengths of a minimum and a maximum. By applying developed methods and values, more efficient signalized intersection operation can be accomplished.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2007

현재 사용되고 있는 실시간 신호제어시스템의 좌회전 녹색시간 배분모형은 검지기 장애가 일정기간 동안 유지되는 경우에 장애가 발생한 좌회전 이동류의 포화도를 항시 작게 산출하여 최소녹색시간으로 운영하고, 정상적인 이동류에 불필요한 녹색시간을 배분하여 수요에 비합리적인 녹색시간을 배분하는 한계성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 해당 교차로 접근로의 검지기 정보 및 이력자료를 이용하는 8가지 모형을 검토하여 다양한 교통상황하에서 평가하였다. 평가 결과로부터 장애발생시 같은 요일 및 시간대의 4 주간 포화도를 평균하여 사용하는 모형이 최소의 오차를 나타내었고, 이를 개선모형으로 제시하였다. 개선모형의 실제적 효과에 대한 평가를 위하여 NETSIM 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 이용하여 기존모형과의 평균지체시간을 비교분석한 결과 개선모형이 기존모형보다 평균지체시간이 매우 감소된 결과를 얻었다. 그리고 산출된 평균지체시간의 차이에 대하여 t-검정을 실시한 결과, 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나 개선모형이 실제적으로 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 1983

Intersection control has dual-purposes; increasing capacity and reducing delay. The primary concern of efficient intersection control under oversaturated condition as in Korea is to increase capacity. Prevailing intersection operation technique permits thru traffic to utilize left turn lane, because the intersection without left turn pocket has left turn signal interval. In this situation, it seems not to be valid to calculate capacity, delay, and signal timings by conventional methods. By critical lane technique, capacity increases as cycle length increases. However, when thru traffic utilize LT lane, the capacity varies according to LT volume, LT interval as well as cycle length, which implies that specific cycle length and LT interval exist to maximize capacity for given LT volume. The study is designed is designed to calculate utilization factors of LT lane for thru traffic and capacities, and identify signal timings to yield maximum capacity. The experimental design involved has 3 variables; 1)LT volumes at each approach(20-300 vph), 2)cycle lengths (60-220 sec), and 3)LT intervals(2.6-42 sec) for one scenario of isolated intersection crossing two 6-lanes streets. For LT volume of 50-150 vph, capacity calculated by using the utilization factor is about 25% higher than that by critical lane method. The range of optimum cycle length to yield maximum capapcity for LT volume less than 120 vph is 140-180 sec, and increases as LT volume increases. The optimum LT interval to yield maximum capacity is longer than the intrval necessary to accommodate LT volume at saturation flow rate.