• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-10
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• 2008

The choice of basis for representation of element in $GF(2^m)$ affects the efficiency of a multiplier. Among them, a multiplier using redundant representation efficiently supports trade-off between the area complexity and the time complexity since it can quickly carry out modular reduction. So time of a previous multiplier using redundant representation is faster than time of multiplier using others basis. But, the weakness of one has a upper space complexity compared to multiplier using others basis. In this paper, we propose a new efficient multiplier with consideration that polynomial exponentiation operations are frequently used in cryptographic hardwares. The proposed multiplier is suitable fer left-to-right exponentiation environment and provides efficiency between time and area complexity. And so, it has both time delay of $T_A+({\lceil}{\log}_2m{\rceil})T_x$ and area complexity of (2m-1)(m+s). As a result, the proposed multiplier reduces $2(ms+s^2)$ compared to the previous multiplier using equally-spaced polynomials in area complexity. In addition, it reduces $T_A+({\lceil}{\log}_2m+s{\rceil})T_x$ to $T_A+({\lceil}{\log}_2m{\rceil})T_x$ in the time complexity.($T_A$:Time delay of one AND gate, $T_x$:Time delay of one XOR gate, m:Degree of equally spaced irreducible polynomial, s:spacing factor)

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-29
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• 2016

The radical changes in the business environment have motivated firms to exert serious efforts in managing sustainable development. This study identified the effects of sustainable development on the perceived performance of firms from the viewpoint of the balanced scorecard. Independent variables include economic efforts (of efficiency and ethic of accounting and fairness), environmental efforts (management and energy control), and social efforts (consumer protection and contribution for local community). The result from the analysis of data collected in this research suggests that sustainable development efforts are the critical sources of the incorporated performance of firms. The consumer protection efforts of the local community determine the competitiveness of a firm in managing social responsibility and creating value and social activities. Efforts to reconsider efficiency determine the competitiveness of a firm, becoming the critical factors that determine sustainable performance. Energy control facilitates value creation for the environment through cooperation and harmonization with nature, resulting in sustainable business performances through the vitalization of practical establishments and operations. Sustainable management needs to meet international standards, cooperation, and harmony. These standards are based on the economic, environmental, and social efforts that enable firms to adopt sustainable management efforts that are suitable for their own systems.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.163-172
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• 2014

The Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) has been widely used in a lot of applications for image feature matching. Such a transform allows us to strong matching ability, stability in rotation, and scaling with the variety of different scales. Recently, it has been made one of the most successful algorithms in the research areas of copy-move forgery detections. Though this transform is capable of identifying copy-move forgery, it does not widely address the possibility that counter-forensics operations may be designed and used to hide the evidence of image tampering. In this paper, we propose a targeted counter-forensics method for impeding SIFT-based copy-move forgery detection by applying a semantically admissible distortion in the processing tool. The proposed method allows the attacker to delude a similarity matching process and conceal the traces left by a modification of SIFT keypoints, while maintaining a high fidelity between the processed images and original ones under the semantic constraints. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by several experiments on the test images with various parameter settings.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.75-83
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• 2011

This research explores the relative importance of factors and service items that influence the air cargo service quality for provision services by the Skyteam Cargo in the Korean market. In general, the Skyteam Cargo provides a package of services which are different functions and operations of service such item as Equation Heavy (heavy and large express freight), Equation (small express freight), Variation (special freight), and Dimension (general freight). To carry out the research, the expert questionnaire survey, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis had adopted to evaluate the level of quality for the provision air cargo operation services by the Skyteam Cargo at Incheon International Airport. Based on an expert survey and the AHP, five core service factors, namely, infrastructure as installed facilities, reliability, promptness, efficiency, and safety are defined.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.580-587
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• 2016

This paper examined the relationship among corporate cash flow, its accruals, and its factors with its continuity of profit and corporate value by regression analysis of KOSDAQ based midsize manufacturing enterprises for 11 years from 2004 to 2014 year. Through this empirical analyze, corporate operators can have a chance to find opportunities to improve the efficiency of business operations, and to the potential investors, it can give the perspective through providing the basic information for the rational investment decisions. Through this analysis, its cash flow, accruals and its factors showed continually a significant relationship with its corporate operating profits and its market values. Thought out the relation analysis, its cash flow, its accurals and the factors of the accruals, account receivables, inventories affected the positive(+) impact on its business profits. But, its account payables affected negative(-) impact on its business profit. The other hand, the cash flow from operating activities and accruals related to capitalization of assets and liabilities fluctuations affected a positive(+) effect on the company market value.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.717-726
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to assess the financial strength of general insurers by using A.M. Best's rating technique focusing on quantitative standards. A quantitative evaluation of fifteen larger general insurers' financial strength and operating performance relative to the Best's top group is carried out. The quantitative evaluation is done in 5 key areas; growth, efficiency, profitability, safety and liquidity. The results show that there is a big gap between domestic large insurers and American insures in all areas except stable growth of operations. Therefore, domestic insurers have to strive to strengthen financial soundness through profitability and should increase the capacity to retain more commercial business and reinsurance in order to become global players.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.7 s.93
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• pp.129-138
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• 2006

After Seoul has introduced semi-public bus management system(public management-private operation), the Seoul Metro Government needs a scientific management tool for optimal scheduling for bus routes, to reduce unnecessary operations and provide demand responsive service. As a product of this effort, this paper proposes a heuristic model that could minimize total passenger waiting time under the constraints, such as number of vehicles, working conditions, max load point, minimax headway. etc. For verifying the validity of the proposed model, it is applied to an existing bus route. It results that headways in rush hours become decreased and the passenger waiting time could be decreased. In conclusion. it is thought that the Proposed model contributes to efficiency of bus operation.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.516-527
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• 2008

This paper introduces a derivation method of both P-SKIP and B-SKIP modes for illumination compensation in the multi-view video coding scheme. In this proposed method, mismatches between IC flag and IC offset in P-SKIP mode are removed, and also computational complexity is far reduced in B-SKIP mode in comparison to a multi-view video coding scheme. In simulation results, proposed method has the almost same coding efficiency in comparison with the referenced coding scheme. However computational complexity in 11m-time decoding process is tremendously reduced, such that the average number of blocks that should be processed in P-SKIP mode is saved in about 7.47%, and the average number of operations per block in B-SKIP mode is saved in about 50.36% and corresponding average decoding time per block is also saved in 46%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.99-102
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• 2012

An image scaler is a IP used in a image processing block of display devices to adjust image size. Proposed image scaler adopts line memories instead of a conventional method using a frame memory. This method reduced hardware resources and enhanced data precision by using shift operations that number is multiplied by $2^m$ and divided again at final stage for scaling. Also image scaler increased efficiency of IP by using serial divider to calculate parameters by itself. Parameters used in image scaling is automatically produced by it. Suggested methods are designed by Verilog HDL and implemented with Xilinx Vertex-4 XC4LX80 and ASIC using TSMC 0.18um process.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.4-4
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• 2009

Polycarbonate (PC) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) was welded through a combination of a diode laser and CNC. Laser beam passed the transparent PC and was absorbed in an opaque ABS. Polymers were melted and welded by absorbed and conducted heat. Experiments were carried out by varying working distance from 44mm to 50mm for the focus spot diameter control, laser input power from 10W to 25W, and scanning speed from 100 to 400mm/min. The weld bead size and the specimen cross-section were analyzed, and tensile results were presented through the joint force measurement. With focus distance at 48mm, laser power with 20W, and welding speed at 300mm/min, experimental results showed the best welding quality which bead size was 3.75mm and the shear strength was $22.8N/mm^2$. Considering tensile strength of ABS is $43N/mm^2$, shear strength was sufficient to hold two materials. A single process was possible in CNC machining processes, surface processing, hole machining and welding. As a result, the process cycle time was reduced to 25%. Compared to a typical process, specimens were fabricated in a single process, with high precision. By combining two operations processes developed process gained 50% more efficiency.