• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.292-302
• /
• 2018

This study proposes a Bayesian stochastic frontier model that is well-suited to productivity/efficiency analysis particularly using panel data. A unique feature of our proposal is that both production frontier and efficiency are estimable for each individual firm and their linkage to various firm characteristics enriches our understanding of the source of productivity/efficiency. Empirical application of the proposed analysis to Human Capital Corporate Panel data enables identification and quantification of the effects of Human Resource factors on firm efficiency in tandem with those of firm types on production frontier. A comprehensive description of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation procedure is forwarded to facilitate the use of our proposed stochastic frontier analysis.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2015

Background & Methods: The purpose of this research is to estimate the efficiency of the pharmaceutical firms and the determinants of their efficiency. Stochastic frontier analysis(SFA) and panel study are applied to the data of 60 domestic pharmaceutical firms from 2006 to 2012. Results & Conclusion: First, the result of the stochastic frontier analysis shows that overall efficiency of the pharmaceutical firms is increasing as time goes by. However, if firms are classified by the scale, the larger firms show more efficiency and if classified by the degree of innovativeness, the innovative firms show more efficiency compared to the non-innovative firms. This evidences show that the scale and R&D investment have significant relationships with the efficiency of the pharmaceutical firms. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the national level of investment for the fundamental researches to vitalize R&D of the new drugs. Second, the result of estimation of the determinants of efficiency shows that the firms with larger sales promotion expenses and entertainment expenses have less efficiency compared to the other firms. This can be explained by the structural characteristics of the small generic pharmaceutical firms. Therefore, the government had better make the pharmaceutical firms to reduce sales promotion and entertainment expenses and increase R&D expenses by introducing systems such as global budgeting system on medicine or reference pricing system.

• 아태비즈니스연구
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2015

This study compares the most widely used parametric and non-parametric techniques to measure cost and profit efficiency of banks, namely the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We formulate the specification form of both stochastic cost and profit frontier models and constant return to scale Cost DEA and Profit DEA models and provide an empirical assessment of the cost and profit frontiers based on a panel dataset of National Commercial Banks (NCBs) and Private Banks (PBs) in Bangladesh over the 2001-2010 period. The cost inefficiency and profit efficiency are slightly higher for PBs than NCBs in case of both SFA and DEA. The coefficients of advance and off-balance sheet items are significant that positively influence the banks in stochastic cost frontier model while the advance, other earning assets, price of borrowed fund are significant and negative effects on the banks in stochastic profit frontier model. The average cost inefficiency and average profit efficiency are recorded with 16.3% and 91% respectively. The highest and lowest cost inefficiency are observed for Janata Bank and United Commercial Bank Limited whilst the highest and lowest profit efficiency are recorded for Eastern Bank Limited and Janata Bank respectively. The average technical and allocative efficiency are 68.8% and 35.9%, respectively in case of CRS cost-DEA model whereas they are 70.3% and 31.8% in case of CRS profit-DEA model. The average cost inefficiency is recorded 6.3% by SFA whereas it is 24.5% by DEA. The average profit efficiency is found 91% by SFA while it is 22.1% by DEA, and SFA method shows better bank efficiency than DEA.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.751-758
• /
• 2021

This research is conducted to measure the efficiency level of Islamic banking in Indonesia and also to analyze the factors that can affect its efficiency level. This research used a purposive sampling technique to determine the sample size that will be used, with criteria that the bank has been operating since 2010 and consistently published its financial reports during the research period from 2011 until 2019; therefore, the total sample obtained was 11 samples. Analysis for efficiency level is done by using linear programming Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), with test tool in the form of Frontier 4.1 and Eviews9 to find out what factors that affect efficiency. Efficiency test is done by involving input and output, while influence test used bank-specific variables comprising bank size, bank financial ratio, and macro-economy variable. Research result shows that there are only two banks that are almost close to being fully efficient firms, but the result still does not indicate that Islamic bank works efficiently. Results of the influence test show that factors affecting Islamic banking efficiency in Indonesia are bank size, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Finance (NPF), and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), while other factors are not influential over the study period.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.33-60
• /
• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 생산 프론티어 접근을 통하여 OECD 국가의 에너지효율과 경제성장이 에너지수요에 미치는 영향을 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구는 OECD 국가를 대상으로 전통적 에너지 원단위와 생산 프론티어 접근에 의한 에너지효율, 생산 프론티어 상의 효율점에서 에너지 과다 여유분의 존재, 생산의 기술구조 하에서 GDP 증가에 따른 에너지수요 탄력성을 살펴보았다. 첫째, 전통적 에너지 원단위는 방사선 에너지효율과는 상관성이 낮고 여유분 에너지효율, 비방사선 에너지효율과 에너지 최소화 방향의 수평선 에너지효율 등과는 일정한 상관성을 보인다. 에너지 원단위만으로 에너지효율 여부를 판단하는 것은 오류가 있을 수 있다. 특히 방사선 효율에 의한 에너지효율은 대부분의 국가의 에너지효율을 과대평가하는 경향이 있다. 둘째, OECD 국가들이 프론티어 상의 효율적인 생산점에서도 불필요하게 에너지를 소비하는 것이 연평균 17.3%이므로 에너지의 추가 저감이 필요하다. 셋째, OECD 국가의 경제성장에 대한 에너지 탄력성의 평균은 1.1로서 거의 단위 탄력성에 가깝다. 탄력성의 국가별 차이는 존재하고 탄력성이 높은 국가의 에너지수요는 높다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.15-31
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes 45 Korea IT service companies from 2012 to 2016 using DEA analysis. Large enterprises, medium enterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). CCR model and BCC model were used for efficiency analysis. Among the various analytical objects, the decision objects which yield the maximum output with minimum input are compared with other analysis objects. The relative inefficiency was measured through this, and Technical Efficiency (TE), Pure Technology Efficiency (PTE), Scale Efficiency (SE), scale profit, reference frequency were analyzed. Also, we analyzed the Technology Gap Ratio (TGR), which is the distance between production function and Meta-Frontier for each firm, using Meta-Frontier analysis. Finally, the Tobit model is used to analyze the sources of efficiency and inefficiency. The inputs are assets, capital, and employees, and the output factor is sales. The analysis shows that large firms are achieving technological achievements more efficiently than small and medium enterprises. As a result, medium-sized enterprises and SMEs can improve efficiency overall through efficient operation of workforce and appropriate combination of inputs such as assets and capital. Also, as a result of the influence factor analysis, it was found that the ratio of the managed asset ratio and the management cost ratio were significant factors influencing the efficiency of the IT service companies. This study suggests the efficiency analysis using DEA for many Korea IT service companies. Inefficient parts of each company are classified according to size and technology. Also, we identify the most efficient companies and analyze the causes of those companies whose profits are lower than their size.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.665-679
• /
• 2017

생산성 평가를 위해서는 주어진 생산 자료를 기반으로 투입 대비 최대산출량을 나타내는 최대산출량을 나타내는 생산 프런티어 곡선에 대한 정보가 필요한 경우가 많다. 이러한 프런티어 함수를 확률프런티어 모형하에서 추정하는 경우에 초기에는 프런티어 함수의 특정한 모수적 형테를 가정하는 경우가 많았다. 그러나 최근에는 프런티어 함수를 프런티어 함수가 기본적으로 만족해야 하는 단조성이나 오목성등을 만족하도록 하면서 비모수적 방법으로 추정하는 방법들이 많이 이루어졌다. 하지만, 이러한 방법들에서 얻어지는 추정량들은 프런티어 함수를 조각적 선형함수 또는 계단함수로 추정하는 특징 때문에 추정의 효율이 떨어지나가 프런티어 함수가 해석이 용이하지 않은 불연속점을 가지는 문제를 가지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 확률프런티어 모형에서 단조증가하는 매끄러운 프런티어 함수 추정법을 제시하고 제안된 추정방법이 기존의 추정방법에 비해서 가지는 추정 효율의 장점을 시뮬레이션를 통해 예시하였다.

• 한국경영과학회지
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2010

Improving productive efficiency is important for strengthening a competitiveness of coastal fisheries. This paper examines the productive efficiency of a sample of coastal gillnet fishing business units by estimating a stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approaches and compares those estimates obtained from two approaches. The estimated mean productive efficiency by SFA is 77.6% and the mean productive efficiencies obtained for the VRS and CRS DEA are 75.9% and 45.7%, respectively. The joint use of SFA and DEA for estimating efficiency is also discussed.

• 수산경영론집
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.45-58
• /
• 2010

This study estimated the technical efficiency of coastal composite fishery in Korea by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) methods, and the results on the respective method were compared. In the DEA method, the constant returns to scale (CRS) and the variable returns to scale (VRS) output-oriented DEA models were separated and technical efficiencies were estimated, respectively. The average estimated value of technical efficiency by the SFA method (0.633) was found to be lower than that by the VRS-DEA method (0.738), while it was higher than that by the CRS-DEA method (0.479). It was found that strong correlation exists between the SFA method and the VRS-DEA method. The method which can utilize both methods in mutually complementing way for the estimation of technical efficiency was also considered.

• 기술혁신연구
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.131-158
• /
• 2009

각 의사결정단위(decision making unit: DMU)의 효율성을 추정하는 기법의 하나인 '확률적 프론티어 분석'(Stochastic Frontier Analysis)을 사용하여 국내 공공 연구기관에 소속된 기술이전조직의 기술이전 관련 활동들의 성과에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 효과를 분석하였다. 확률 프론티어 분석에서 독립변수들은 효율적 생산기술('생산 프론티어')에 직접 영향을 미치거나 생산 프론티어와 관측치의 거리로 표현되는 DMU의 효율성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 가정된다. 해외의 선행 연구에서는 인력, 연구개발비 등의 투입변수들은 생산 프론티어에 영향을 미치고, 그 밖의 환경 또는 조직 관련 변수들은 효율성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 가정되었다. 본 연구에서는 환경 및 조직변수들이 선행 연구의 영향 경로와 다른 방식으로 성과에 영향을 미치는지 여부를 밝히기 위해 여러 형태의 모형을 추정하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 투입 요소 가운데 연구개발비가 성과의 증가에 가장 확실한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기관유형, 기관의 소재 지역 등의 환경변수들이 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났나. 셋째, 기술이전과 관련된 보상시스템 등의 일부 조직변수들이 성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 환경변수와 조직변수들은 DMU의 효율성에 영향을 주기 보다는 생산 프론티어에 직접 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 일부 모형에서는 거의 모든 DMU의 효율성이 1에 가까운 것으로 나타났는데 이는 효율성을 기준으로 공공 연구기관의 기술이전 활동성과를 평가하는 것은 효과적이지 못하다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구의 결과는 추가적인 자료를 통해 보완되어야 한다. 또한 더욱 일반적인 생산함수 형태를 고려할 필요가 있으며 산출 거리함수 등의 개념을 이용하여 복수산출물의 경우까지 분석 범위를 확장할 필요가 있다.