• Title/Summary/Keyword: Effective property prediction

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Prediction of Effective Material Properties for Triaxially Braided Textile Composite

  • Geleta, Tsinuel N.;Woo, Kyeongsik;Lee, Bongho
    • International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.222-235
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    • 2017
  • In this study, finite element modeling was used to predict the material properties of tri-axially braided textile composite. The model was made based on an experimental test specimen which was also used to compare the final results. The full interlacing of tows was geometrically modelled, from which repeating parts that make up the whole braid called unit cells were identified based on the geometric and mechanical property periodicity. In order to simulate the repeating nature of the unit cell, periodic boundary conditions were applied. For validation of the method, a reference model was analyzed for which a very good agreement was obtained. Material property calculation was done by simulating uniaxial and pure shear tests on the unit cell. The comparison of these results with that of experimental test results showed an excellent agreement. Finally, parametric study on the effect of number of plies, stacking type (symmetric/anti-symmetric) and stacking phase shift was conducted.

Heat Aging Effects on the Material Property and the Fatigue Life of Vulcanized Natural Rubber, and Fatigue Life Prediction Equations

  • Choi Jae-Hyeok;Kang Hee-Jin;Jeong Hyun-Yong;Lee Tae-Soo;Yoon Sung-Jin
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.1229-1242
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    • 2005
  • When natural rubber is used for a long period of time, it becomes aged; it usually becomes hardened and loses its damping capability. This aging process affects not only the material property but also the (fatigue) life of natural rubber. In this paper the aging effects on the material property and the fatigue life were experimentally investigated. In addition, several fatigue life prediction equations for natural rubber were proposed. In order to investigate the aging effects on the material property, the load-stretch ratio curves were plotted from the results of the tensile test, the compression test and the simple shear test for virgin and heat-aged rubber specimens. Rubber specimens were heat-aged in an oven at a temperature ranging from $50^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ for a period ranging from 2 days to 16 days. In order to investigate the aging effects on the fatigue life, fatigue tests were conducted for differently heat-aged hourglass-shaped and simple shear specimens. Moreover, finite element simulations were conducted for the specimens to calculate physical quantities occurring in the specimens such as the maximum value of the effective stress, the strain energy density, the first invariant of the Cauchy-Green deformation tensor and the maximum principal nominal strain. Then, four fatigue life prediction equations based on one of the physical quantities could be obtained by fitting the equations to the test data. Finally, the fatigue life of a rubber bush used in an automobile was predicted by using the prediction equations, and it was compared with the test data of the bush to evaluate the reliability of those equations.

Orientation-based Adaptive Prediction for Effective Lossless Image Compression (효과적인 무손실 영상압축을 위한 방향성 기반 적응적 예측 방법)

  • Kim, Jongho
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.2409-2416
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    • 2015
  • This paper presents an orientation-based adaptive prediction method for effective lossless image compression. For a robust prediction, the proposed method estimates the directional information and the property near the current pixel in a support region-based fashion, not a pixel-based one which is sensitive to a small variation. We improve the prediction performance effectively by selection of the prediction pixel adaptively according to the similarity between support regions of the current pixel and the neighboring pixels. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves excellent prediction performance measured in entropy of the prediction error compared to a number of conventional prediction methods such as MED, GAP, and EDP. Moreover the complexity of the proposed algorithm measured by average execution time is low compared to MED which is the simplest prediction method.

Heat Treatment Analysis on Low-Alloy Steel (저합금강 소재의 열처리해석 기술개발)

  • Choi Y. S.;Kwak S. Y.;Choi J. K.;Kim J. T.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.14 no.3 s.75
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    • pp.215-223
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    • 2005
  • A numerical analysis program is developed by FDM scheme for the prediction of microstructural transformation during heat treatment of steels. In this study, multi-phase model was used fur description of diffusional austenite transformations in low-alloy hypoeutectoid steels during cooling after austenitization. A fundamental property of the model consisting of coupled differential equations is that by taking into account the rate of austenite grain growth, it permits the prediction of the progress of ferrite, pearlite, and bainite transformations simultaneously during quenching and estimate the amount of martensite also by using K-M eq. In order to simulate the microstructural evolution during tempering process, another Avrami-type eq. was adopted and method for vickers hardness prediction was also proposed. To verify the developed program, the calculated results are compared with experimental ones of casting product. Based on these results, newly designed heat treatment process is proposed and it was proved to be effective for industry.

Validation of OpenDrift-Based Drifter Trajectory Prediction Technique for Maritime Search and Rescue

  • Ji-Chang Kim;Dae, Hun, Yu;Jung-eun Sim;Young-Tae Son;Ki-Young Bang;Sungwon Shin
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.145-157
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    • 2023
  • Due to a recent increase in maritime activities in South Korea, the frequency of maritime distress is escalating and poses a significant threat to lives and property. The aim of this study was to validate a drift trajectory prediction technique to help mitigate the damages caused by maritime distress incidents. In this study, OpenDrift was verified using satellite drifter data from the Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency. OpenDrift is a Monte-Carlo-based Lagrangian trajectory modeling framework that allows for considering leeway, an important factor in predicting the movement of floating marine objects. The simulation results showed no significant differences in the performance of drift trajectory prediction when considering leeway using four evaluation methods (normalized cumulative Lagrangian separation, root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and Euclidean distance). However, leeway improved the performance in an analysis of location prediction conformance for maritime search and rescue operations. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that it is important to consider leeway in drift trajectory prediction for effective maritime search and rescue operations. The results could help with future research on drift trajectory prediction of various floating objects, including marine debris, satellite drifters, and sea ice.

Hybrid Linear Analysis Based on the Net Analyte Signal in Spectral Response with Orthogonal Signal Correction

  • Park, Kwang-Su;Jun, Chi-Hyuck
    • Near Infrared Analysis
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2000
  • Using the net analyte signal, hybrid linear analysis was proposed to predict chemical concentration. In this paper, we select a sample from training set and apply orthogonal signal correction to obtain an improved pseudo unit spectrum for hybrid least analysis. using the mean spectrum of a calibration training set, we first show the calibration by hybrid least analysis is effective to the prediction of not only chemical concentrations but also physical property variables. Then, a pseudo unit spectrum from a training set is also tested with and without orthogonal signal correction. We use two data sets, one including five chemical concentrations and the other including ten physical property variables, to compare the performance of partial least squares and modified hybrid least analysis calibration methods. The results show that the hybrid least analysis with a selected training spectrum instead of well-measured pure spectrum still gives good performances, which is a little better than partial least squares.

Context Prediction Using Right and Wrong Patterns to Improve Sequential Matching Performance for More Accurate Dynamic Context-Aware Recommendation (보다 정확한 동적 상황인식 추천을 위해 정확 및 오류 패턴을 활용하여 순차적 매칭 성능이 개선된 상황 예측 방법)

  • Kwon, Oh-Byung
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2009
  • Developing an agile recommender system for nomadic users has been regarded as a promising application in mobile and ubiquitous settings. To increase the quality of personalized recommendation in terms of accuracy and elapsed time, estimating future context of the user in a correct way is highly crucial. Traditionally, time series analysis and Makovian process have been adopted for such forecasting. However, these methods are not adequate in predicting context data, only because most of context data are represented as nominal scale. To resolve these limitations, the alignment-prediction algorithm has been suggested for context prediction, especially for future context from the low-level context. Recently, an ontological approach has been proposed for guided context prediction without context history. However, due to variety of context information, acquiring sufficient context prediction knowledge a priori is not easy in most of service domains. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel context prediction methodology, which does not require a priori knowledge, and to increase accuracy and decrease elapsed time for service response. To do so, we have newly developed pattern-based context prediction approach. First of ail, a set of individual rules is derived from each context attribute using context history. Then a pattern consisted of results from reasoning individual rules, is developed for pattern learning. If at least one context property matches, say R, then regard the pattern as right. If the pattern is new, add right pattern, set the value of mismatched properties = 0, freq = 1 and w(R, 1). Otherwise, increase the frequency of the matched right pattern by 1 and then set w(R,freq). After finishing training, if the frequency is greater than a threshold value, then save the right pattern in knowledge base. On the other hand, if at least one context property matches, say W, then regard the pattern as wrong. If the pattern is new, modify the result into wrong answer, add right pattern, and set frequency to 1 and w(W, 1). Or, increase the matched wrong pattern's frequency by 1 and then set w(W, freq). After finishing training, if the frequency value is greater than a threshold level, then save the wrong pattern on the knowledge basis. Then, context prediction is performed with combinatorial rules as follows: first, identify current context. Second, find matched patterns from right patterns. If there is no pattern matched, then find a matching pattern from wrong patterns. If a matching pattern is not found, then choose one context property whose predictability is higher than that of any other properties. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we collected actual context history from the travelers who had visited the largest amusement park in Korea. As a result, 400 context records were collected in 2009. Then we randomly selected 70% of the records as training data. The rest were selected as testing data. To examine the performance of the methodology, prediction accuracy and elapsed time were chosen as measures. We compared the performance with case-based reasoning and voting methods. Through a simulation test, we conclude that our methodology is clearly better than CBR and voting methods in terms of accuracy and elapsed time. This shows that the methodology is relatively valid and scalable. As a second round of the experiment, we compared a full model to a partial model. A full model indicates that right and wrong patterns are used for reasoning the future context. On the other hand, a partial model means that the reasoning is performed only with right patterns, which is generally adopted in the legacy alignment-prediction method. It turned out that a full model is better than a partial model in terms of the accuracy while partial model is better when considering elapsed time. As a last experiment, we took into our consideration potential privacy problems that might arise among the users. To mediate such concern, we excluded such context properties as date of tour and user profiles such as gender and age. The outcome shows that preserving privacy is endurable. Contributions of this paper are as follows: First, academically, we have improved sequential matching methods to predict accuracy and service time by considering individual rules of each context property and learning from wrong patterns. Second, the proposed method is found to be quite effective for privacy preserving applications, which are frequently required by B2C context-aware services; the privacy preserving system applying the proposed method successfully can also decrease elapsed time. Hence, the method is very practical in establishing privacy preserving context-aware services. Our future research issues taking into account some limitations in this paper can be summarized as follows. First, user acceptance or usability will be tested with actual users in order to prove the value of the prototype system. Second, we will apply the proposed method to more general application domains as this paper focused on tourism in amusement park.

Group Contribution Method and Support Vector Regression based Model for Predicting Physical Properties of Aromatic Compounds (Group Contribution Method 및 Support Vector Regression 기반 모델을 이용한 방향족 화합물 물성치 예측에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Ha Yeong;Oh, Chang Bo;Won, Yong Sun;Liu, J. Jay;Lee, Chang Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2021
  • To simulate a process model in the field of chemical engineering, it is very important to identify the physical properties of novel materials as well as existing materials. However, it is difficult to measure the physical properties throughout a set of experiments due to the potential risk and cost. To address this, this study aims to develop a property prediction model based on the group contribution method for aromatic chemical compounds including benzene rings. The benzene rings of aromatic materials have a significant impact on their physical properties. To establish the prediction model, 42 important functional groups that determine the physical properties are considered, and the total numbers of functional groups on 147 aromatic chemical compounds are counted to prepare a dataset. Support vector regression is employed to prepare a prediction model to handle sparse and high-dimensional data. To verify the efficacy of this study, the results of this study are compared with those of previous studies. Despite the different datasets in the previous studies, the comparison indicated the enhanced performance in this study. Moreover, there are few reports on predicting the physical properties of aromatic compounds. This study can provide an effective method to estimate the physical properties of unknown chemical compounds and contribute toward reducing the experimental efforts for measuring physical properties.

Experimental investigation on the variation of thermal conductivity of soils with effective stress, porosity, and water saturation

  • Lee, So-Jung;Kim, Kyoung-Yul;Choi, Jung-Chan;Kwon, Tae-Hyuk
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.771-785
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    • 2016
  • The thermal conductivity of soils is an important property in energy-related geotechnical structures, such as underground heat pumps and underground electric power cable tunnels. This study explores the effects of geotechnical engineering properties on the thermal conductivity of soils. The thermal conductivities of quartz sands and Korean weathered silty sands were documented via a series of laboratory experiments, and its variations with effective stress, porosity, and water saturation were examined. While thermal conductivity was found to increase with an increase in the effective stress and water saturation and with a decrease in porosity, replacing air by water in pores the most predominantly enhanced the thermal conductivity by almost one order of magnitude. In addition, we have suggested an improved model for thermal conductivity prediction, based on water saturation, dry thermal conductivity, saturated thermal conductivity, and a fitting parameter that represents the curvature of the thermal conductivity-water saturation relation.

Thermal Deformation Analysis of Shadow Mask in a Flat TV and Prediction of Electron Beam Landing Shift by FEM (유한요소법에 의한 평면 TV 새도우마스크의 열변형해석 및 전자빔 오착 예측)

  • Kim, Jeong;Park, Soo-Kil;Kang, Beom-Soo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.26 no.11
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    • pp.2297-2304
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    • 2002
  • Two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element methods have been used to analyze the deformation behavior of a shadow mask due to thermal and tension load. The shadow mask inside the Braun tube of a TV set has numerous slits through which the electron beams are guided to land on the designed phosphor of red, green or blue. Its thermal deformation therefore causes landing shift of the electron beam and results in decolorization of a screen. For the realistic finite element analysis, the effective thermal conductivity and the effective elastic modulus arc calculated, and then the shadow mask is modeled as shell without slits. Next a transient thermal analysis of the shadow mask is performed, wherein thermal radiation is a major heat transfer mechanism. Analysis of the resulting thermal deformation is followed, from which the landing shift of the electron beam is obtained. The present finite element scheme may be efficiently used to reduce thermal deformation of a shadow mask and in developing prototypes of a large screen flat TV.