• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to establish the predictive method of angular distortion of the double-sided multi-pass butt weldment achieve it, the behavior of angular distortion in the butt weldment were investigated using comprehensive finite element analyses and experiments. The angular distortion in the multi-pass butt weldment strongly depends on the welding heat input(Q) and the effective bending rigidity of the weld throat. The effective bending rigidity of the first welding pass on the backing side was defined as the function of dimensionless parameter(k) and a bending rigidity of bead-on-plate weldment. Based on the results, the predictive equation for angular distortion of multi-pass butt weldment was proposed and verified by experiments.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.131-134
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• 2005

Until recently tensile stresses in concrete have not been considered, since it does not affect the ultimate strength of reinforced concrete flexural members significantly. However, to verify the load-deflection relationship, the effect of tensile stresses between reinforcing bars and concrete, so-called tension stiffening effect must be taken into account. Main parameters of the tension stiffening behavior are known as concrete strength, and bond between concrete and reinforcing bars. In this study a total of twenty specimen subject to bending was tested with different concrete strength, coverage, and de-bonding length of longitudinal bars. The effects of these parameters on the flexural rigidity, crack initiation and propagation were carefully checked and analyzed.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2003

In this paper, RKPM is extended for solving moderately thick and thin beams. General Timoshenko beam theory is used for formulation. Shear locking is the main difficulty in analysis of these kinds of structures. Shear relaxation factor, which is formulated using the difference between bending and shear strain energy, and corrected shear rigidity are introduced to overcome shear locking. Analysis results obtained reveal that RKPM using introduced methods is free of locking and very effectively applicable to deep beams as well as shallow beams.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 1985

For the analysis of vertical vibrations of a ship's hull, the Timoshenko beam analogy is accepted up to seven or eight-node modes provided that the system parameters are properly calculated. As to the shear coefficient, it has been a common practice to apply the strain energy method or the projected area method. The theoretical objection to the former is that it ignores lateral contraction due to Poisson's ratio, and the latter is of extreme simplifications. Recently, Cowper's and Stephen's shear coefficient formulas have drawn ship vibration analysts' attentions because these formulas, derivation of which are based on an integrations of the equations of three-dimensional elasticity, take Poisson's ratio into account. Providing computer programs for calculation of the shear coefficient of ship sections modeled as thin-walked multicell sections by each of the forementioned methods, the authors calculated natural vibration characteristics of a bulk carrier and of a container ship by the transfer matrix method using shear coefficients obtained by each of the methods, and discussed the results in comparision. The major conclusions resulted from this investigation are as follows: (1) The shear coefficients taking account of the effects of Poisson's ratio, Cowper's $K_c$ and Stephen's $K_s$, result in higher values of about 10% in maximum as compared with the shear coefficient $K_o$ based on the conventional strain energy methods; (a) $K_c/K_o{\cong}1.05\;and\;K_s/K_o{\cong}1.10$ for ships having single skin side-shell such as a bulk carrier. (b) $K_c/K_o{\cong}1.02\;and\;K_s/K_o{\cong}1.05$ for ships having longitudinally through bulkheads and/or double side-shells in the portion of the cargo hod such as a container carrier. (2) The distributions of the effective shear area along the ship's hull based on each of $K_o,\;K_c\;and\;K_s$ are similar each another except the both end portions. (3) Natural frequencies and mode shapes of the hull based on each of $K_c\;and\;K_s$ are of small differences as compared each other. (4) In cases of using $K_c\;or\;K_s$ in ship vibration analysis, it is also desirable to have the bending rigidity be corrected according to the effective breadth concept. And then, natural frequencies and mode shapes calculated with the bending rigidity corrected in the above and with each of $K_o,\;K_c\;and\;K_s$ result in small differences as compared each another. (5) Referring to those mentioned in the above (3) and (4) and to the full-scale experimental results reported by Asmussen et al.[17], and considering laboursome to prepare the computer input data, the following suggestions can safely be made; (a) Use of $K_o$ in ship vibration analysis is appropriate in practical senses. (b) Use of $K_c$ is appropriate even for detailed vibration analysis of a ship's hull. (6) The effective shear area based on the projected area method is acceptable for the two-node mode.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.369-383
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• 2012

In this paper, soil-structure interaction analysis has been presented for beams resting on multilayered geosynthetic-reinforced granular fill-soft soil system. The soft soil and geosynthetic reinforcements are idealized as nonlinear springs and elastic membranes, respectively. The governing differential equations are solved by finite difference technique and the results are presented in non-dimensional form. It is observed from the study that use of geosynthetic reinforcement is not very effective for maximum settlement reduction in case of very rigid beam. Similarly the reinforcements are not effective for shear force reduction if the granular fill has very high shear modulus value. However, multilayered reinforced system is very effective for bending moment and differential settlement reduction.

• Composites Research
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2006

나노허니컴 구조물의 영률, 굽힘 탄성 계수. 공칭파괴강도를 구하였다. 양극산화 알루미늄은 잘 정렬된 나노허니컴 구조물의 일종으로서 공정이 간단하고, 높은 종횡비, 자가 정렬된 기공구조를 가지고 있고, 기공의 크기를 조절할 수 있다. 원자현미경으로 외팔보 굽힘 시험을 수행하였고 나노-UTM을 이용한 3점 굽힘 실험결과와 비교하였다. 또한 나노-UTM으로 인장시험을 수행하였다. 나노허니컴 구조물의 한쪽 면은 막혀 있어서, 일반적인 샌드위치 구조물의 면재에 비유될 수 있다. 하지만 이러한 막힌 면은 굽힘 강도 증가에 영향을 끼치지 못하고 균열선단으로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구로 나노허니컴 구조물을 설계하는데 기초적인 물성을 제공하고자 한다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1033-1042
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• 2005

최근에 이르기까지 철근콘크리트 휨부재에 있어 콘크리트의 인장응력은 극한강도에 현저한 영향을 미치지 못하기 때문에 그 역할이 고려되어지지 않았다. 그러나 하중-처짐 관계의 구명을 위해서는, 인장증강효과라고 불리는 콘크리트와 보강철근 사이의 인장응력에 의한 강정증가 효과가 반드시 고려되어져야 한다. 이러한 인장증강효과에 영향을 주는 주요 구조변수는 콘크리트의 강도 및 콘크리트와 철근의 부착 등으로 알려져 있다. 이 연구에서는 휨을 받는 보를 대상으론 각기 다른 콘크리트 강도, 피복두께 및 주근의 비부착 길이를 갖도록 모두 20개의 시험체를 제작하여 실험하였다. 이를 통해 각 구조변수들이 시험체의 휨강성, 균열발생 및 진전 등에 미치는 영향 등을 주의 깊게 관찰하고 분석하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 전기화학적 염화물 추출(ECE) 완료된 RC 보의 구조적 거동을 기존에 주로 사용되었던 부착 강도 측정이 아닌 3점 재하 시험을 통해 분석했다. 그 결과, ECE 처리에 의해 콘크리트 보의 휨 강성은 저하되었으나, 최대하중 측면에서 강도는 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, ECE에 의해 인장 변형률이 증가하여 인장 균열에 대한 저항성은 향상되었으며, 관성 모멘트 감소율은 감소하였다. 이러한 구조적 거동 측면의 이점에도 불구하고 연성 및 휨 강성은 저하되었다. 콘크리트보의 휨 강성은 선형 탄성 범위에서 유효 단면적의 손실로 인해 감소됐고, 실제로 인장변형에 의해 파손된 상태에서 단면 2차 모멘트는 약 70 %의 손실되었다. 그러나 이러한 단면 손실에 의한 관성 모멘트 감소율은 ECE에 의해 더 낮아졌는데, 이는 균열에 대한 저항성이 증가되는 반면, 변형량이 증가되어 사용성 측면에서의 위험성은 더 증가됨을 의미한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2008

The modern automotive industry develops innovative vehicle designs to meet increasing stability of car and performance demands of their customers. The improvement of frame rigidity by the structural foam is thought to be an effective means to improve the performance because of high applicability and minimum weight. The object of this paper is to examine the use of structural foam in a hat section as an optimum reinforcing means, to compare the reinforcing performance of structural foam versus a plastic reinforcement. The result of this paper indicated that reinforcing efficiencies are achieved by structural foam and plastic reinforcement shape.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1998년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring 1998
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• pp.173-179
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• 1998

The piping system of a power plant suffers not only thermal expansion according to the temperature variation, but also many kinds of load: steady state vibrations due to the equipment operation or fluid flow, and transient vibrations due to the earthquake or explosion, etc. The snubbers are usually installed on the piping system to allow thermal expansion, and to reduce dynamic responses. Most snubbers are kinds of hydraulic and mechanical type, which can be degraded by leakage and abrasion, and required much cost for maintenance and replacement. Recently the wire rope type snubbers are developed and applied to the power plant, and proved as effective to reduce piping system vibration. Wire rope type snubber uses the bending rigidity and energy dissipation properties of ropes. This paper presents the procedure of design, and the method to apply hysteresis curve to the dynamic response analysis. Experiments were also conducted to confirm design results.