• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.976-980
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• 1996

To elucidate the effect of acute ethanol pretreatment on some toluene metabolizing enzyme activities, rats were divided into 4groups: control, alcohol-treated, toluene-treated, rat's and toluene-treated rats pretreated with ethanol. The alcohol or toluene-treated rats showed the significantly increased activities of hepatic aniline hydroxylase(AH) and aminopyrine demethylase(AD) compared to the control group. And the toluene-treated rats pretreated with ethanol showed somewhat decreased tendency of these enzyme activities compared to only toluene-treated rats. Liver benzylalcohol or aldehyde dehydrogenase activities were higher in alcohol or toluene-treated rats than those of the control group. The toluene-treated rats showed the decreased tendency of benzylalcohol dehydrogenase activities by the pretreatment of alcohol. Furthermore, toluene treated-rats showed the markedly decreased activity of benzaldehyde dehydrogenase by the ethanol pretreat-ment. On the other hand, hepatic xanthine oxidase activity in toluene-treated animals pretreated with ethanol was significantly higher than those of the toluene alone-treated rats. These results indicate that the combination of ethanol with toluene treatment for a short period of time possibly results in decreased activity of some toluene metabolizing enzymes in rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

Based on the previous studies on alcohol effects on human behavior and performance in transportation system such as airplane and car driving, the alcohol exposure before and on watch of a ship has a great influence on subsequent behavior. In this paper, to examine the drinking status of officers on board multiple choice questionnaires are circularized under instruction and surveyed for 118 officers. According to the results of the questionnaire survey on alcohol dependance (Alcoholism) that was invested by WHO, over 27% of those surveyed represented alcohol abuse symptoms. In addition to that, the existing state and awareness for on-board-drinking was summarized to make a scenario of drunk-operation with a ship handling simulator to investigate the effect of alcohol (0.08 g% blood alcohol concentrations) on ship operational performance. A main effect for alcohol was found indicating that ship operational performance was comparatively impaired by this alcohol relative to performance in the non-alcohol condition. The results of this research can be applied to minimize marine acciedents as basic data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.318-323
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• 2004

This study has been carried out to investigate the effect of the beverage contained Radix puerariae (15%) and Bambusae caules in Liquamen Phyllostachyos (1%) on the alcohol administered mouse. The control group was treated with alcohol (40% alcohol, 8.0 mL/kg of body weight), experimental group 1 (Exp.1) was administered with beverage (8.0 mL/kg of body weight) before alcohol treatment, and experimental group 2 (Exp.2) was administered with beverage after alcohol treatment. Blood alcohol concentrations were decreased by 11% (in Exp. 1) and 17% (in Exp. 2) compared with control group. The concentrations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were slightly increased in Exp. 1 and Exp.2, but alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were not changed compared with control group. Mn-Superoxide dismutase activity was increased by about 70% in the experimental groups in comparison to control group. The Exp. 1 and Exp. 2 contained more periodic-acid Schiff (PAS)-positive materials than the control group. Electron microscopical observations showed that, cell organelles of hepatocytes were more disoriented in the control group than in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2. These results suggest that the beverage contained Radix puerariae and Bambusae caules in Liquamen Fhyllostachyos is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for alcohol abuse.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.120-132
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• 2018

Purpose: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to investigate effects of alcohol management programs for Korean university students. Methods: Research results published until October 14, 2016 were systematically collected in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). A total of 12 papers were selected for the meta-analysis. To estimate the effect size, meta-analysis of the studies was performed with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0. Results: The mean effect size of 12 studies in total (Hedges' g=-0.36; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -0.76~0.05) was not significant statistically. In a study of college students classified as problematic drinking (total of 9), the drinking program showed a median effect size of Hedges' g=-0.57(95% CI: -0.96~-0.18). Results of the drinking-related outcome variables showed a significant effect size (Hedges' g=-0.61; 95% CI: -1.10~-0.13), but psychosocial related outcome variables were not significant (Hedges' g=-0.50; 95% CI: -1.24~0.23). Conclusion: It can be seen that the alcohol management program for college students has a significant effect on controlling the problem drinking of college students. In addition, application of a differentiated drinking program with problem drinkers selected as a risk group will be effective in controlling drinking and drinking related factors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2003

Silk sericin (SS) is one of essential components of cocoon filament, comprising granular and high molecular proteins with adhesive and gelatin-like characteristics. Silk fibroin (SF), another main component of cocoon filament, has been investigated by many researchers due to its good physicochenucal properties. Recently, Nam and Park reported that the effect of alcohol addition into the SF solution on the morphology and structural charateristics of SF. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2003

Alcohol abuse and cigarette smoking have been on the rise worldwide and it has been reported that alcohol and nicotine influence serotonergic neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various neuropsychiatric disorders. In the present study, the effects of alcohol and nicotine on the synthesis of 5-HT and the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate limiting enzyme of 5-HT synthesis, in the dorsal and median raphe of young rats were investigated via immunohistochemistry. The numbers of the 5-HT-positive and TPH-positive cells in raphe nuclei were reduced by alcohol and nicotine treatment, and these numbers were reduced more potently by co-administration of alcohol and nicotine. Based on the results, it can be suggested that the pathogenesis of alcohol- and nicotine-induced neuropsychological disorders involves alcohol- and nicotine-induced suppression of 5-HT synthesis and TPH expression in raphe, and that this may be of particular relevance in the consumption of alcohol and nicotine during adolescence.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.198-201
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• 2004

The studies was conducted to investigate the effect of hangover drink using natural products propolis on ethanol oxidation. The hangover drink developed using propolis concentrates and various medicinal plants. The extractions of propolis and acanthopanax senticosus was shown the highest alcohol oxidation among the combination raw. The ethanol oxidation effect were not significantly different between propolis drink and in other company products in acute alcoholic toxic doses. In the case that it was conducted oral administration with acute alcoholic toxic doses 1/3(1.8mg per 1kg body weight of mouse), propolis drink comparative products of other company was shown 0.026％ to 270 min, 0.000％ to 360 min. In conclusion, propolis drink was shown excellent alcohol oxidation in fixed dose of alcohol, but was not shown in a large quantities of alcohol.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.629-637
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• 2015

As concern about energy security and global warming many countries have been making effort to reduce fossil fuel. In the case of US, as one of the efforts, the standards of the alcohol vehicle fuels(including blended with gasoline) have been established. Alcohol is known that make some trouble concerning startability, durability and corrosion when using as fuel of a conventional vehicle. For these reason, alcohol usage needs not only the fuel standard, but also a modified car. In the case of Korea, although there are no the standard and the modified vehicle yet, high concentration alcohol blended fuel has being sold at illegal market. In this study, exhaust gas and performance of the conventional vehicle that alcohol(methanol and isopropyl alcohol) blends were fueled were measured to notify danger of using them without preparation of institutional arrangements. Also, to analyze correlation characteristics of the fuels and them, property test of the fuels was conducted. The test result show that bad-startability caused by low RVP and high T10 affected increase in NMOG and CO. NOx was increased under the highest short term fuel trim caused by high Oxygen content and low NHV of alcohol. According to increasing as alcohol content, fuel economy and acceleration ability were decreased but $CO_2$ was not significantly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the direct neurotoxicity of alcohol on CNS and the effects of piracetam or vitamins on ultrastructural changes of the rat cerebellar and hippocampal neurons during long-term alcohol treatment. To evaluate the results, quantitative analysis were done for light and electronic microscopic findings. On the light microscopy, red degeneration of pyramidal cells and Purkinje cells was found more apparently in the alcohol only treated group than in the control group. On the electron microscopy, increased lipofuscin pigments were found in cerebellum and hippocampus. In quantitative analysis, vitamins significantly reduced red degeneration in both hippocampus and cerebellum. However, piracetam significantly reduced red degeneration in cerebellum but not in hippocampus. Lipofuscin pigments in Purkinje cells and pyramidal cells were significantly reduced in the alcohol with piracetam treated group than the alcohol only treated group. However, vitamins had no significant reducing effect of lipofuscin pigments in Purkinje cells and pyramidal cells. According to the results, it is concluded that vitamins deficiency might cause red degeneration of pyramidal cell after long-term alcohol treatment, but increment of lipofuscin pigments in pyramidal and Purkinje cell may be caused by alcohol itself or its metabolite rather than vitamins deficiency. Piracetam seems to improve cognitive function impairment caused by alcohol consumption.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1081-1086
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the medicinal effects of the herbal combination extracts-2 (HCE-2), consisting of Artemisia capillaris Thunb., Lonicera japonica Thunb., Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. on the alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group (n =6), non-treated control group (n =6), saline-treated group (n =6) and the herbal combination extract (HCE-2)-treated group (n =6). The rats in the alcohol-loaded groups were orally administered with ethanol at a daily dose of 4 g/kg-body weight for 5 weeks. Thirty minutes before the ethanol injection, saline or herbal combination extracts was administered by using a gastrogavage. Blood and liver tissue samples were taken out from the hearts and livers of the rats, respectively, on 15th and 38th days. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also investigated the protective effect of the herbal combination extracts by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining on histological sections of rat liver. In this study, the oral administration of the herbal combination extracts significantly reduced the serum levels of AST and ALT, which had been raised by alcohol-induced liver injury. Histological analysis and apparent observation of liver also showed the preventive effect of the herbal combination extracts in a chronic alcohol-induced rat model. Theses results revealed that the herbal combination extracts effectively prevented hepatic damage consequent to the chronic exposure to repetitive administration of ethanol and could be used as a primary resource of a health beverage or herbal medicine, alleviating the alcohol-induced hepatic injury and hangover symptoms.