• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.65-78
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• 2014

This study was aimed to develop short necked clam stock, which is the base of sauce, soup, etc., using various nourishing elements in short necked clams. In short necked clam stock with different heating times, the moisture content was significantly different (p < 0.05). For the color value of short necked clam stock, L value was the highest in S1(31.15), while the highest a value was found in S5(-0.36) and the highest b value in S5(0.67). pH was the lowest as 7.35 in S5. When heating time increased, pH decreased significantly (p < 0.001). The sugar content was the highest as $3.30^{\circ}Brix$ in S5 and the lowest as $2.63^{\circ}Brix$ in S1. The salinity content was the lowest as 0.73% in S1, and it increased significantly(p < 0.001) with increased heating time. Na was the highest among the mineral contents and the highest K, Mg, Ca, Fe contents were found in S5 heated for 60 mins. Twenty one kinds of free amino acid were detected in short necked clams. The highest essential amino acid content was arginine, the highest flavor enhancing free amino acid was glycine, and the highest derivative amino acid was taurine. The test for characteristic differences of short necked clam stock showed that savory taste and savory flavor of S4 heated for 50 mins were the highest. According to the results of acceptance test, S3 showed the best results. In conclusion, short necked clam stock showed great preference with increased heating time, and the preference has increased when it was simmered for 35~40 mins.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.230-238
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• 2020

Carcass traits are the most economically important traits in Hanwoo (Korean cattle). Recently, the development of the field of genomics has made it possible to identify DNA markers for the genetic evaluation of carcass and meat quality traits in beef cattle. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers related to carcass traits by field evaluations in a commercial Hanwoo population. We evaluated 15 SNP markers (TG g.371T>C, APM1 g.1454G>A, FABP4 g.2834C>G, FABP4 g.3533T>A, FABP4 g.3691G>A, SCD g.10153A>G, SCD g.10329T >C, CPE g.601T>C, EDG1 g.166A>G, NPY g.4271T>C, GPD1 g.2766C>T, PDE1B g.17122A>G, PDE1B g.17507A>C, TNNT1 g.6650C>T, and RORC g.20152A>G) related to carcass traits in Hanwoo. Genotyping of these SNP markers was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis in Hanwoo steers (n = 1,536) to evaluate their association with carcass traits. Seven SNPs, APM1 g.1454G>, FABP4 g.3691G>A, SCD g.10153A>G, CPE g.601T>C, PDE1B g.17122A>G, TNNT1 g.6650C>T, and RORC g.20152A>G, were significantly associated with carcass traits such as marbling score (MS), backfat thickness (BF), musculus longissimus dorsi area (LDA), carcass weight (CW), meat grade (MG), meat color (MC), and maturity score (MA). The results suggest that these SNPs may be used as DNA markers for the selection of Hanwoo with higher meat quality.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2018

As customers pay more attention to choosing food that will support their health, many people in the academic and industrial world have focused on developing foods made with bioactive components. Thus, the use of bioactive components rather than synthetic materials has increased. Because there are no limits to how bioactive components can be used, customers assume they are highly reliable and healthy to consume. In the present study, imitation crab stick samples were made from Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and silkworm cocoon powder (10 g) (T1), Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and silkworm cocoon powder (5 g) + cordyceps powder (5 g) (T2), and Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and cordyceps powder (5 g) + conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (5 g) (T3). The pH and shear force increased after 2 weeks of storage in all three samples. Shear force was significantly higher in the T3 sample in comparison to the T1 and T2 samples. In meat color, redness ($a^{\ast}$) and whiteness (W) increased as the storage periods increased in all three samples, whereas yellowness ($b^{\ast}$) decreased during storage. The T2 sample was significantly higher in redness ($a^{\ast}$), yellowness ($b^{\ast}$), and deformation than the other two samples. The addition of bioactive components did not influence the texture properties in any of the samples. Lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]) and microorganism count (total plate count [TPC]) were significantly higher in the T1 sample than the two other samples, whereas protein degradation (volatile basic nitrogen [VBN]) was higher in the T2 sample than the other samples. Total amino acid content decreased in the T1 and T3 samples as the storage period increased. Consequently, the T3 sample of Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and cordyceps powder (5 g) + conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was found to have the necessary functionality to be considered for use in making imitation crab sticks.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2016

This paper is shown the new method using LED Light, which the light environment is upgraded the natural LED light in the area of Disaster Prevention and Safety Management (PDSD), which the events of deaths is reduced on the Suicide, the Infectious diseases, the safety accidents, the Traffic Accident, the crime, the fire, the Nature Disaster, and which the health and the environment and the safety is implemented using the value of the color LED Light. Research findings include,during 3 weeks in the November 2016, in the ten residents (average living 28.7 years, age 67.5 years) with depressive symptoms in the northern part of Seoul, according to the request of the user, the PDSD natural light LED lighting was installed in the home bedroom or the living room, expectations for the ability to restore physical and mental stability were high (88%), in the same way, after 1 week and 3 weeks, the physical and mental changes were compared and the results,84% in the first week and 90% in the third week and thereafter, the effect of relieving depression was high. We conclude that patients with depression have a good sleep, an uneasy feeling, a sense of security, a good night's sleep, and a good feeling. The PDSD LED Light is expected to contribute in the various areas, which reduced the suicides, which give increased immunity from infectious diseases, which give a crash to reduce accidents caused by negligence, which improve the safe operation of heavy vehicles in which a traffics accident incidence installed on the highest point, which improve the safety function on the 'safety way home' for the safety of the community, which due to fire gives alleviate the emotional anxiety of firefighters, which improve the environment for long-term control room working during decision making caused by natural disasters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.635-640
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• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the effect of far infrared ray drying on the microbial and quality changes of vacuum packaged waxy corns, such as microbial growth, rehydration, color differences, weight loss and hardness during the storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 months. After far infrared ray drying for 6 hours at $60^{\circ}C$, 2.32 log CFU/g of total microbial counts in raw waxy corns was enumerated, but no microorganism was detected in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns. However, no microorganism was observed in all treatments except for control samples until 3 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$, whereas steamed and sugar-treated waxy corns showed 2 and 2.7 log reduction compared to that of control after 3 month storage. Yeasts and molds were more resistant than bacteria against far infrared ray drying at the same conditions. Similar results were observed in $25^{\circ}C$ storage. The degree of gelatinization in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying changed from 98% to 96.2% after 7 month storage at $4^{\circ}C$, whereas steamed waxy corns with far infrared ray drying changed from 81.14% to 58.73%. Water contents in sugar-treated waxy corns with far infrared ray drying gradually reduced compared to steamed waxy corns as drying time increased. The L values in raw waxy corns far infrared ray drying increased as drying time increased, but L values in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns significantly reduced after 12 hour far infrared ray drying. Hardness in raw waxy corns was higher than in steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns before storage, but similar hardness was observed between raw- and sugar-treated waxy corns after 9 hour drying. This results showed that the microbial reduction, the enhancement of shelf life and quality establishment of steamed or sugar-treated waxy corns could be maximized by using far infrared ray drying.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.335-341
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• 2013

Kyungokgos purchased in local markets in Korea vary in their combination and mixing ratios during processing. This study was investigated qualities of Kyungokgos manufactured traditionally to evaluating its qualities. The general components of Kyungokgos were moisture (18.62~49.78%), ash (0.198~1.211%), protein (0.89~3.58%), lipid (0.16~1.14%) and carbohydrates (47.95~77.08%). The color values of L, a, and b were 26.49~73.87, 16.51~38.64, and 45.41~88.94, respectively. The viscosity was classified into three non-Newtonian type groups: high, medium, and non-dilatant, according to the increase of loop execution times. Three extracts (KOG-1, -7, and -8, in a 30-fold dilution) showed no cytotoxicity toward RAW 264.7 cells, while the extracts of KOG-2, -4, and -5 showed a low cytotoxic effect. KOG-1 and -2 extracts with low cytotoxicity markedly inhibited the production of the inflammatory mediators-nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These results indicate that KOG-1 and -2 extracts have anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1206-1211
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of selenium binding yeast peptide supplementation on growth performance, tissue Se, serum glutathione peroxidase activity and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of eighty (Duroc${\times}$Yorkshir${\times}$Landrace) pigs (82.88$\pm$1.23 kg average initial body weight) were used in a 35-day assay. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (basal diet), 2) SY1 (CON diet＋0.05％ selenium binding yeast peptide), 3) SY2 (CON diet＋0.l％ selenium binding yeast peptide) and 4) SY3 (CON diet＋0.2％ selenium binding yeast peptide). Overall period, average daily gain of pigs fed selenium binding yeast peptide diet was higher than that of pigs fed CON diet, however, there was not significant difference (p＞0.05). L＊ (lightness) value of M. longissimus dorsi was higher in SY2 than CON and SY3 (p＜0.05). a＊ (redness) value of M. longissimus dorsi was lower in CON than other treatments (p＜0.05). Selenium content in serum was increased as adding selenium binding yeast peptide compared to pigs fed CON diet. However, there was not significantly different among the treatments (p＞0.05). Selenium content of M. longissimus dorsi was higher in SY2 (0.021 $\mu$g/g) and SY3 (0.031 $\mu$g/g) than CON diet (0.008 $\mu$g/g) (p＜0.05). Selenium content of kidney was increased in SY2 I and SY3 compared to pigs fed CON and SY1 (p＜0.05). Selenium content of liver was higher in SY1 than CON (p＜0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that selenium content could be accumulated in M. longissimus dorsi, kidney and liver by selenium binding yeast peptide supplementation, and meat color of M. longissimus dorsi could be affected by selenium binding yeast peptide supplementation.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of natural mineral complex supplementation on egg production and characteristic in laying hens. A total of two hundred forty laying hens were randomly allocated into four treatments with ten replications for six weeks. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (control, basal diet) 2) M0.5 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 0.5% natural mineral complex), 3) M1.0 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 1.0% natural mineral complek) and 4) M1.5 (basal diet + 3% chitosan + 1.5% natural mineral complex). In the egg production, the M1.5 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments(P<0.05). However, egg weight was significantly higher in M0.5 treatment than CON and M1.0 treatments(P<0.05). Egg shell breaking strength was higher in M1.5 treatment than M0.5 treatment. Egg shell thickness was the highest in M1.5 treatment compared to other treatments(P<0.05). The hens 134 M0.5 diet were improved egg yolk color compared to those fed other diets(P<0.05). The Haugh unit, CON and M1.0 treatments showed significantly different results compared to those of M1.5 treatment(P<0.05). The M1.5 treatment had higher Ca and Fe concentration in blood and higher K concentration in yolk than CON(P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of natural mineral complex in laying hen diets influenced on egg production, egg shell qualify and mineral concentration in blood and yolk.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2002

This study was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of ascidian tunic shell the effects of its dietary supplementation on laying performance, egg-yolk pigmentation, egg-shell strength and egg taurine content. A total of 168 brown layers at the age of 29wks in commercial cage were fed for 4 wks with 7 different diets containing ascidian tunic shel1(AST) at varying levels of 0$\sim$5% Dm or 0% AST with 100ppm carophyll red. No differences were found in egg production and weight among the treatments indicating that ascidian tunic shell did not adversely affect the laying performances. Adding the ascidian tunic shell to the diets increased egg-yolk pigmentation compared to the control and resulted in simillar or better effect on egg-yolk pigmentation compared to 100ppm carophyll red. The data suggest that ascidian tunic shell may be used as feed ingredients in layer diet enrichment of egg-yolk pigmentation in the place of carophyll red(chemical pigment). Specific gravity and breaking strength of egg shell were significantly increased by the adding ascidian tunic shell to the diet, suggesting that ascidian tunic shell may be used as feed ingredients for increasing egg shell strength. Also taurine content of egg was significantly increased with increasing supplementation of ascidian tunic shell to the diet(p<0.05). Therefore, ascidian tunic shell may be used as feed ingredients in laying hen diet to improve egg quality such as egg-yolk pigmentation, egg-shell strength and egg taurine enrichment.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.72-86
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mulching of easily-decomposable organic materials including rice powder and corn starch on rice paddy fields. The treatments were including seven mulching materials each consisted of rice powder [Rice], starch with black color [Starch-B] and transparent [Starch-T] and stone powder [Stone], and conventional vinyl [Conventional], no-mulching without herbicide [Control-O] and no-mulching with herbicide [Control-C]. Rice growth and yield were different among the treatments; the highest yields were observed for [Rice] ($6.51ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Conventional] ($6.47ton\;ha^{-1}$) followed by [Starch-T] ($6.25ton\;ha^{-1}$) and [Stone] ($6.20ton\;ha^{-1}$) which is comparable to the [Control-C] ($6.15ton\;ha^{-1}$). However, [Starch-B] showed lower rice yield ($4.93ton\;ha^{-1}$) than the [Conventional] or [Control-C]. Mean soil temperature ranged form 23.6 to $24.1^{\circ}C$ with the highest temperature for [Rice] treatment, and cumulative soil temperature was also significantly higher in the [Rice] treatment. Among the soil parameters, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and phosphorus concentration were also different among the treatments. The amount of earthworm casting was higher for [Rice] treatment ($17.7kg\;m^{-2}$) compared to the others ($5.5{\sim}9.8kg\;m^{-2}$). It was suggested that mulching of rice fields with organic materials containing rice powder is better than others in respected to rice yield and earthworm activity.