• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, health belief, and self-efficacy affecting on breast self-examination (BSE), and to identify factors influencing the practice of BSE of women in their 30's and 40's. Methods: With a correlation survey design, 194 women in their 30's and 40's were recruited at 4 culture centers in Busan via convenience sampling. Measures were included with knowledge, health belief, and self-efficacy for breast self-examination and level of BSE practice. Results: Level of knowledge, health belief and self-efficacy for BSE were greater than medium level. BSE practice had positive correlations with subscales of health belief, except barrier and self-efficacy, but no relationship with knowledge. Self-efficacy, sensitivity, and benefit among the entered variables were significant factors influencing the practice of BSE, and explanatory power of these variables was 32.8%. Conclusion: Based on this study, studies are required to compare through repeated research according to age, education, occupation, environmental characteristics. In addition, to maximize the educational effect, development of the educational program in conjunction with the local community to increase breast self-examination practice and research about the effectiveness are needed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2008

This study examined the difference in children's performance between two types of task by the number of protagonists and children's implicit understanding of false-belief. The implicit measure by eye gaze was contrasted with children's explicit answers to the experimenter's question about where the protagonist would look for an object. Results showed there was no difference according to the task type by number of protagonists. On false-belief, 2- and 3-year-olds showed low performance compared with 4-year-olds on explicit responses. On implicit responses, 3- and 4-year-olds out-performed 2-year-olds. These results suggest that implicit understanding precedes explicit understanding.

• School Mathematics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.691-709
• /
• 2016

Understanding the belief of mathematics pre-service teachers is essential in conducting and designing the effective teacher education program. This study analyzed the mathematical belief of the elementary school pre-service teachers. The results of the study are as follows. First, persistence factor, which is the belief about solving mathematical problems, following teacher direction factor, which is the belief about mathematical studies, activity involvement factor, and interest factor, which is the belief about self-concept, showed much connection with other mathematical belief factors. Second, the stereotype factor, which is the belief about mathematics, are affecting the following teacher direction factor. The process factor, which is the belief about solving mathematical problems, are affecting the activity involvement factor. Third, as for the comparison of the mathematical beliefs according to grades, only the stereotype and usefulness factors, which are the beliefs about mathematics, and the benefit factor, which is the belief about self-concept, had statistically significant differences. Fourth, as for the comparison of the mathematical beliefs according to majors, all the mathematical beliefs except for the confidence factor and benefit factor, which is the belief about self-concept, had significant differences. Based on the results of this study, we need to establish the mathematical beliefs that the elementary school pre-service teachers should have, and prepare various measures such as education program for pre-service teachers and instruction-learning methods.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.155-164
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of health beliefs on fall prevention behavior among adult patients who had abdominal surgery. Methods: Data were collected from 136 patients who had undergone an abdominal surgery within the past 5 days. The data collection period was from September 21 to October 25, 2017. The health belief measurement tool, modified and reviewed by experts, and the fall prevention guideline developed by the Korean Nurses Association and revised by Park were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The Health Belief Model explained 45.7% of the variance in fall prevention behavior among adult patients who had abdominal surgery. Perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits had significant influence on fall-prevention behavior. Conclusion: Tailored educational programs which put emphasis on the perceived susceptibility and perceived benefits of fall prevention need to be developed.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.239-244
• /
• 1999

This study aims to present the necessity of 'mathematics for teacher' and advices for enhancing professionalism of mathematics teacher. Many mathematics teachers don't know formula giving roots of cubic and quartic equation which is presented as a example of mathematics for teacher, but they feel the necessity of professional knowledge like mathematics for teacher. As the role of mathematics teachers changes, professionalism in various fields is required. That is, they must be equipped with the belief and attitude as a professional and understand the content of mathematics for teacher and mathematics education theory. After all, loaming mathematics depends on the quality of mathematics teacher.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.3505-3510
• /
• 2016

Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in Thailand, being ranked second only to breast cancer. Thai women have been reported to have a low rate of cervical cancer screening (27.7% of the 80% goal of WHO). We therefore aimed to apply the social marketing theory and health belief model in promoting cervical cancer screening in Kanthararom District, Sisaket Province. A total of 92 from 974 targeted women aged 30-60 years were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group underwent application of social marketing theory and a health belief model program promoting cervical cancer screening while the control group received normal services. Two research tools were used: (1) application of social marketing theory and health belief model program and (2) questionnaire used to evaluate perceptions of cervical cancer. Descriptive and inferential statistics including paired sample t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. After the program had been used, the mean score of perception of cervical cancer of experimental group was at a higher level (${\bar{x}}=4.09$; S.D.=0.30), than in the control group (${\bar{x}}=3.82$; S.D.=0.20) with statistical significance (p<0.001). This research demonstrated an appropriate communication process in behavioral modification to prevent cervical cancer. It can be recommended that this program featuring social marketing and the health belief model be used to promote cervical cancer screening in targeted women and it can be promoted as a guideline for other health services, especially in health promotion and disease prevention.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.65 no.4
• /
• pp.268-278
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to subdivide responsive teaching types proposed in the previous study in order to observe the change in the responsive teaching types in teacher educational programs, and to identify factors that impede changes in responsive teaching types. To this end, an educational program including introduction of responsive teaching, case analysis of responsive teaching, individual assignments and group discussions on facilitator type educational scenarios is provided for chemistry teachers who participated in a chemistry education course established in a graduate school of education. Based on previous research, when the teacher's teaching method was analyzed as evaluator, transfer, guide and facilitatore, a type that could not be classified was observed. In this study, responsive teaching types were added by adding two types: explorer and interpreter. In addition, through individual assignments and group discussion data, we could observe the factors that hinder teachers' responsive teaching changes. The obstacles that impede the change to responsive teaching were classified into teacher factors, student factors, and environmental factors. Among the obstacles, teacher factors include a belief in teacher-led instruction, a belief in the role of a teacher as a transfer of knowledge, a belief that the curriculum should be followed, a lack of understanding of the teacher about students, and a lack of the teacher's ability to lead student-led expansion. The student factor was distrust of the student's competence. Also, as an environmental factor, there was an educational environment such as multi-students class. Effective teacher education on responsive teaching can be achieved only when the perception related to these obstacles can be removed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.430-436
• /
• 2015

This study examined the correlation of educational experience with practical behavior in infection control. Subjects were 152 dental hygienists in Gwangju from September 15 to October 5, 2015. The ratio of dental hygienists educated on infection control was higher in those worked in dental care with 2~4 dentist for 2~5 years and lower in those worked in dental cared with 1 dentist for 2~5 years (p<0.05, p<0.001). The dental hygienists with or without educational experience in infection control exhibited the highest activity rate in hand wash and the lowest in face protection. Barrier in health belief, was lower with the need for education in infection control among the factors affecting on the activity in infection control. The activity was higher with susceptibility and cue to action (p<0.05). Based on the results, education program on infection control should be developed, and applied periodically and obligatorily for dentist and all staffs of dental care to remove susceptibility and barrier, and to enhance cue to action. This will result the effective control of infection by elevating the health belief.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 2012

Breast self-examination (BSE) is important for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). However, the majority of Turkish women do not perform regular BSE. We aimed to evaluate the effects of education level on the attitudes and behaviors of women towards BSE. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 women (20-59 years), divided into university graduates (Group I, n = 224) and high school or lower graduates (Group II, n = 189). They completed a 22-item scale assessing the knowledge level, attitudes and behaviors regarding BSE, and the Turkish version of the Champion's Revised Health Belief Model. A significantly higher number of women in Group II did not believe in early diagnosis of BC. A significantly higher number of Group I had conducted BSE at least once, and their BSE frequency was also significantly high. Moreover, a significantly lower number of Group I women considered themselves to not be at risk for BC and the scores for "perceived susceptibility" and "perceived barriers" were significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis identified the university graduate group to have a higher likelihood of performing BSE, by 1.8 times. Higher educational levels were positively associated with BSE performance. Overall, the results suggest that Turkish women, regardless of their education level, need better education on BSE. Consideration of the education level in women will help clinicians develop more effective educational programs, resulting in more regular practice and better use of BSE.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.53 no.4
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2020

Objectives: Police officers may be at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population due to their highstress occupation. This study evaluated how an educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) may protect police officers from developing CVD. Methods: In this single-group experimental study, 58 police officers in Iran participated in a 5-week intervention based on HBM principles. Outcomes included changes in scores on an HBM scale, time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 5 HBM-based educational sessions. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months post-intervention. The paired t-test was used to examine differences between baseline and follow-up scores. Results: All aspects of the HBM scale improved between baseline and follow-up (p<0.05), except the cues to action subscale. Self-efficacy and preventive behaviors improved the most. BMI decreased from 26.7±2.9 kg/㎡ at baseline to 25.8±2.4 kg/㎡ at follow-up. All components of the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, showed significant improvements post-intervention. Blood glucose and blood pressure also decreased, but not significantly. Nearly 25% of participants who were not physically active at baseline increased their physical activity above or beyond the healthy threshold. Conclusions: A relatively brief educational intervention based on HBM principles led to a significant improvement in CVD risk factors among police officers. Further research is needed to corroborate the effectiveness of this intervention.