• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.72-78
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Physicians' attitudes may have a strong influence on women's decision regarding prenatal screening options. The aim of this study is to assess the physicians' attitudes toward prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidy including non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in South Korea. Materials and Methods: Questionnaires were distributed and collected at several obstetrics-gynecological conferences and meetings. The questionnaire included 31 multiple choice and 5 fill-in-the-blank questions. Seven questions requested physicians' demographic information, 17 questions requested information about the NIPT with cell-free fetal DNA, and 12 questions requested information about general prenatal screening practices. Results: Of the 203 obstetricians that completed the survey. In contrast with professional guidelines recommending the universal offering of aneuploidy screening, only 53.7% answered that prenatal aneuploidy testing (screening and/or invasive diagnostic testing) should be offered to all pregnant women. Physicians tended to have positive attitudes toward the clinical application of NIPT as both primary and secondary screening methods for patients at high-risk for fetal trisomy. However, for patients at average-risk for fetal trisomy, physicians tended to have positive attitudes only as a secondary screening method. Physicians with more knowledge about NIPT were found to tend to inform their patients that the detection rate of NIPT is higher. Conclusion: This is the first study to investigate expert opinion on prenatal screening in South Korea. Education of physicians is essential to ensure responsible patient counseling, informed consent, and appropriate management after NIPT.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.549-565
• /
• 2000

Comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to determine 1) selected risk factors and its impact that affect pregnancy outcome such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and substance abuse 2) these factors can facilitate future strategies for health promotion and prevention for both pregnant women and fetus. Review of literature were extracted from searching MEDLINE(1966 - Oct. 2000). CINAHL (1982 - Oct. 2000) and the domestic literature. The following factors were identified: 1. The effects of risk behaviors on pregnancy. ${\cdot}$Maternal smoking was associated with the occurrence of premature or LBW delivery, fetal growth retardation, extremities defects, heart defects and sudden infant death syndrome. ${\cdot}$Maternal alcohol consumption was associated with spontaneous abortion, premature or LBW delivery, morphologic/neurologic problems, especially fetal alcohol syndrome. ${\cdot}$Heroin was associated with withdrawal after birth in which were born to heroine addicts for gestational age and lung maturation in animal studies. ${\cdot}$Cocaine was associated with spontaneous abortion, abruptio placenta and a poor response to environmental stimuli. ${\cdot}$So far, the effects of caffeine on pregnancy was controversial, but severe caffeine consumption was associated with premature or LBW delivery, spontaneous abortion, still birth and dystocia. 2. Intervention methods and its effects identified were as follows ${\cdot}$Conducted intervention for smoking, alcohol and drug consumption were single or combined. ${\cdot}$Intervention methods were counseling, phone contact, mailing, use of educational videotape, booklet, support person and alternatives such as nicotine patch. ${\cdot}$The interventions increased the rates of smoking cessation during pregnancy and awareness of the risk of drug consumption, and decreased amount of alcohol consumption. ${\cdot}$The intervention outcome found positive effect on birth weight and length. 3. Our recommendations were as follows ${\cdot}$The personal and social cognition should be enhanced through education and the mass media. ${\cdot}$It's necessary to educate and give information of preconceptional care, planned pregnancy and early prenatal care for optimal pregnancy outcome. ${\cdot}$It's necessary to develop comprehensive assessment tool which is reliable and valid on smoking, alcohol consumption and substance abuse to identify supportive or interventional program.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.283-294
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of smoking among some college students, the smoking motivation of smoker students, what made them quit smoking and how they got ready for giving up smoking, as smoking had a huge impact on national health and there was a desperate necessity for preventive antismoking education programs to let students keep away from smoking. After a survey was conducted with self-administered questionnaires from October 1 through November 1, 2006, the responses from 400 students were gathered, and 384 answer sheets were analyzed except 16 incomplete ones. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. By gender, 62.4% of the male students and 28.6% of the female students were smokers, and the state of smoking was statistically significantly different according to their gender(p<0.05). 2. The largest number of the male students, which accounted 44.1%, started smoking in their high school days, and 39.5% of the females did that in middle school. As for a daily mean amount of smoking, 41.8% of the male students, the greatest percentage, smoked 10 to 19 cigarettes a day, and one to nine cigarettes were most common among the females, which represented 57.9 %. But the gap between the two was insignificant(p>0.05). As many as 83.6% of the males and 86.8% of the females had ever attempted to quit it. 3. Concerning awareness of antismoking policies, they felt that a raise in cigarette price would lead to less smoking, and that antismoking advertisement or posters through television or newspaper would deliver the same results as well. There was a statistically significant difference among their awareness(p<0.05). 4. Regarding preparation stage for quitting smoking, 31.3% of the male smokers had no intention to give it up, and 23.2% considered it. 36.7%, the largest percentage, got ready to refrain from it. Among the female smokers, 34.2% had no plans to abstain from smoking, and 36.8% took it into consideration. 23.7% got ready to do that. The females who got ready for that were outnumbered the males who did. 5. As to connections between the state of smoking and relevant knowledge, the students didn't have a good knowledge on that, and a statistically significant difference existed between the smokers and nonsmokers in smoking knowledge. 6. As for knowledge about oral diseases, they were highly cognizant of the relationship of smoking to tooth discoloration, nicotine stomatitis and bad breath, but they didn't know well about its relationship to delayed recovery from dental treatment, implant failure and ozena. Their smoking condition made a statistically significant difference to their knowledge(p<0.05). In the future, sustained research efforts should be channeled into determining how much smoking affects health and concerns oral diseases, and antismoking counseling programs should be prepared to bolster people's awareness of oral health.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.547-557
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 전문대학생들의 학습참여에 관한 학습과정 수준이 성별, 수업연한, 계열, 학점에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. 연구대상은 G시 소재 K전문대학 정규교육과정 재학생들 중 2015학년도 2학기 학습과정 설문조사 참여에 응답한 재학생 총 684명이었다. 측정도구는 전문대학 학습과정 분석 척도를 수정 및 보완하여 사용하였다. 연구방법은 빈도분석과 성별, 수업연한, 계열, 학점에 따라 전문대학생들의 학습과정 수준 차이를 살펴보기 위하여 일원배치 분산분석과 사후검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 성별에 따른 전문대학생의 학습과정은 하위요인 중 수업 외 학습활동, 수업 중 학습활동, 학습성과, 대학시설서비스에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 수업연한에 따른 전문대학생의 학습과정은 하위요인 중 수업 외 학습활동, 수업 중 학습활동, 수업만족도, 대학시설서비스에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 계열에 따른 전문대학생의 학습과정은 하위요인 중 수업 외 학습활동, 수업 중 학습활동, 학습 상호작용, 학습성과에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 학점에 따른 전문대학생의 학습과정은 학습과정과 전체 하위요인(수업 외 학습활동, 수업 중 학습활동, 수업만족도, 학습 상호작용, 학습성과, 대학 시설 서비스)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구결과에 대한 논의 및 함의를 기술하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.550-562
• /
• 1997

Since patients with strokes occupy a high priority among patients for home nursing, the development of guidelines for such nursing is required and the needs of these patients should be reflected in the guidelines. Therefore, this study was done to identify the content and levels of home nursing for patients with strokes and to utilize the data in developing the most effective home nursing guidelines for these patients. The level of A, D. L. and the ability to control upper extremities were measured, and through a questionnaire. the needs for home nursing and related variables were also evaluated. The subjects for the study were 121 patients, 58 inpatients and 63 home care patients who had had a Stroke. Data collection was done from September 1996 to January 1997. The collected data were analyzed utilizing SPSS /PC, and the results are as follows : 1. Home nursing need of inpatients The priority order of home nursing needs for inpatients was : "Training in emergency treatments and how to cope with a stroke"(2.28+1.06), next, "Explanation of diets as limited or recommended", and last, "Nursing care for sleeping Problems". 2. Home nursing need home of patients The priority order of home nursing needs for home patients was : "Care for the paralyzed side" (2, 89+.34), next, "Maintenance of right posture and how to change position" (2.87+.34), and last, "Counseling on sex". 3. Comparison of the levels of home nursing needs between in patients and home patients The results of analyses of home nursing needs according to causes were grouped into seven categories : and t-tests of the seven categories showed significant differences between the two groups in all categories, that is, the level of home nursing needs were significantly higher for home patients than for inpatients in all categories of home nursing. 4. Level of home nursing needs by characteristics The variables that have affected the level of home nursing needs for these patients were sex, profession, level of education, accompanying diseases, paralyzed position. A.D.L. levels and ability levels in coordinating upper extremities. There variables, displayed a reverse correlation with the level of home nursing needs, and the degree of correlation was high. In conclusion, the above results, show there were differences in the priority order of home nursing needs between inpatients and home patients : but the content of home nursing needs wanted by these patients was similar. Meanwhile, the levels of demand for home nursing was exceptionally higher on the part of home patients than inpatients. Although it is realized that nursing guidelines for home nursing needs in all items need to be developed, there is also a necessity to guidelines in accordance with priority orders, and with consideration of the factors that affect the level of home nursing needs. of the factors that affect the level of home nursing needs.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.237-246
• /
• 2016

Objectives: To investigate the effect of a worksite-based dietary intervention program for the management of metabolic syndrome (MS) among male employees. Methods: A dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was implemented targeting white-collar employees at a worksite located in Seoul for 10 weeks. Out of 104 employees having agreed to participate in the program, those having three or more out of five components of MS and having two components, including a waist circumference component were classified into "the high risk group" (n=41) and received group nutrition education and individual nutrition counseling three times each. The rest of the study subjects were considered as "the low risk group" (n=63). The food environment at the worksite, where both the high and low risk groups were exposed, was changed to promote healthy eating. Physical data including MS components were collected and a questionnaire on dietary behaviors was administered before and after the intervention. The data from the high risk group (n=17) and the low risk group (n=20), excluding the subjects ineligible for or failed to complete the study (n=67), were analyzed. The difference before and after intervention was tested for significance by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, and HbA1c and the healthy dietary practice score improved significantly after intervention in the high risk group. The median number of MS components decreased significantly from 3.0 to 1.0 in the high risk group. In the low risk group, only HbA1c significantly decreased. Conclusions: The 10-week worksite-based dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was found to be effective for managing MS of male employees.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.331-350
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 보건진료원의 성격특성과 직무만족도와의 관계를 파악하여 효율적인 업무수행에 도움을 주고 직무만족을 향상시킬수 있는 방안을 모색하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구의 대상은 광주, 전남지역 보건진료원 348명 중 200명으로 하였고, 1999년 2월 18일부터 3월 5일까지 설문지를 우편으로 대상자에게 발송하여 작성하게 한 후 응답지를 수집하였다. 연구도구로 성격특성 측정도구는 김(김기석, 1990)의 "일반성격검사"를 사용하였고 직무만족도 측정도구는 Salvitt의 도구를 석(석민현, 1992)이 수정 보완한 것을 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS Program에 의해 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, Pearson's correlation coefficient, ANOVA, Logistic regression analysis 등으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대상자의 특성 중 인구사회학적 특성과 직무만족도와의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타낸 것은 종교와 보수이다(P=.028). 2. 직업의식은 계속교육여부와 필수적 직무(P=.000), 자율성(P=.000), 보건진료원 선택동기와 필수적 직무(P=.007), 직업긍지(P=.007), 보건진료원 종사예정기간과 필수적 직무(P=.023), 직업적 긍지(P=.000), 현직에 대한 만족여부와 보수(P=.001), 필수적 직무(P=.016), 직업긍지(P=.000), 상호작용(P=.011), 자율성(P=.002), 조직요구(p=.001)가 직무만족과 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 3. 근무지 여건과 직무만족도 관계를 보면 직급과 자율성(p=.038), 보건진료원 이전 분야별 경력과 상호작용(P=.059), 자율성(P.059), 진료소위치와 자율성(P=.021), 월가정방문수와 상호작용(P=.001), 월상담 교육건수와 보수(P=.044), 직업긍지(P=.021), 보건진료소 연수입과 필수적 직무(P=.013)가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 4. 보건진료원의 성격특성 중 자신감(80.1)과 책임성(82.6)이 다른 성격요인에 비해 높은 것으로 나타냈다. 5. 보건진료원의 직무만족도는 평균 3.16으로 보통수준으로 나타났으며, 직업적 긍지 점수가 4.09로 가장 높게 나타났다. 6. 성격특성과 직무만족도의 상관관계를 보면 지배성은 자율성(r=.24, P=.001)과 책임성은 직업긍지(r=.26, P=.000), 정서적 안정성은 필수적 직무(r=.25, P=.000), 사회성은 필수적 직무(r=.26, P=.000), 자신감은 필수적 직무(r=.34, P=.000)와 자율성(r=.31, P=.000)과 가장 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 7. 보건진료원의 제요인과 성격특성 중 종교, 진료소위치, 환자진료, 교육기회 여부, 지배성, 자신감, 보건진료원 종사 예정기간, 현직에 대한 만족여부, 보건진료원 이전 근무 분야, 행정업무 등이 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요소로 나타났다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate drinking motives and the drinking-related problems of Korean high school students at a city in Jeonbuk province. Methods: There were 657 students from two academic and two vocational high schools at J city in Jeonbuk province. The sample was collected using a stratified sampling method and the data was collected from June 30th to July 16th 2003. The study instrument used to examine drinking motive was a 20-item summated scale (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ = .95) and for drinking-related problems was an 18 item summated scale (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ = .91). The data was analyzed using SPSS/PC+ by percentage, x2-test, t-test and correlations. Results: 1. Drinking experience: Among the high school students, 74.3% of them had drinking episodes. Female students started drinking later (x2 = 12.857, p = .002) and had more drinking friends (x2 = 7.785, p = .020) than males. Vocational school students drank more frequently (x2 = 32.138, p = .001), had more heavy drinking episodes (x2 = 40.370, p = .001). 2. Drinking motives & Drinking-related problems: The mean score of drinking motives was $31.2{\pm}11.12$ out of 80 and that of drinking-related problems was $21.8{\pm}5.85$ out of 72 points. Neither score were stronger was significantly different according to gender and grade. On the other hand, both drinking motives (t = -4.077, p = .001) and drinking-related problems (t = -3.423, p = .001) were stronger in vocational school students than in academic school students. The correlation between drinking-related characteristics and problems were weak (from r = .286 to r = .520) but the correlation within the subcategories of drinking motives was high such as between enhancement and coping (r = .822) and enhancement and social motives (r = .822). Conclusion: The majority of Korean high school students start to drink during their junior high school days. Drinking motives and drinking-related problems were not serious but the drinking motives and the drinking-related problems are stronger among vocational school students. As a result, school-based health education and counseling programs should focus on solving drinking motives than on drinking-related problems.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.2281-2292
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 보건계열 대학생의 스마트폰 이용 동기와 과다사용 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 과다사용을 예측할 수 있는 요인을 확인하고자 시행하였다. 연구대상자는 G광역시에 소재한 G대학교 보건계열 3년제 학과인 응급구조과, 물리치료과, 보건행정과를 임의선정하고 편의표집 한 250명으로 하였다. 2012년 10월 22일부터 25일까지 연구의 목적을 설명하고 동의를 얻은 후, 구조화된 자기기입식 설문지를 이용한 조사를 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 12.0 for Window를 이용하여 최종 223부를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과를 요약해보면, 과다사용 하위요인의 금단에서는 오락 및 여가의 이용 동기가, 내성에서는 과시 및 유행성의 이용 동기가, 강박 및 집착에서는 오락 및 여가의 이용 동기가, 생활불편 및 부작용에서는 과시 및 유행성의 이용 동기가, 과다사용 평균에서는 오락 및 여가의 이용 동기가 가장 높은 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 보건계열 대학생을 대상으로 한 스마트폰 과다사용 예방 교육 프로그램 개발과 적용이 필요하며, 또한 스마트폰 과다사용자를 대상으로 한 실천적 개인 상담 및 관리가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.219-227
• /
• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 성격 5요인 중 신경증과 성실성, 스트레스 대처방식과의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 설정된 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성격요인과 스트레스 대처방식, 자기효능감의 관계는 어떠한지 분석하였다. 둘째, 성격 5요인 가운데 그 자체가 대학생의 정신건강을 의미하는 변인으로, 임상적 의미가 매우 높은 신경증과 성실성을 선정하여 신경증 및 성실성과 스트레스 대처방식과의 관계에서 자기효능감이 매개역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이러한 연구문제를 검증하기 위하여 충청지역 D대학 1학년 462명을 대상으로 성격 5요인 척도, 스트레스 대처방식 척도, 자기효능감 척도를 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 성격요인 중 신경증, 성실성과 자기효능감과의 상관 분석 결과 신경증과 자기효능감은 부적 상관을 나타내고, 성실성은 정적 상관을 나타냈다. 그리고 성격 5요인과 스트레스 대처방식을 살펴보면 성실성은 스트레스 대처방식 가운데 회피중심과 부적상관을 보였고, 신경증은 스트레스 대처방식 중 사회적지지, 문제해결중심과 부적상관을 보였다. 둘째, 성격요인 중 신경증, 성실성과 스트레스대처방식과의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과를 분석한 결과 자기효능감은 신경증 요인과 회피중심 간에 관계에서만 부분 매개효과가 있음을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 대학생의 스트레스 대처를 예측하기 위해 성격요인이 유용한 심리적 구인이라는 점과 특히 대학생의 정신건강의 예언변수인 신경증 요인과 스트레스 대처방식 가운데 회피성향을 갖고 있는 경우 정신적 스트레스를 줄이기 위해 자기효능감에 대한 교육적 중재의 필요성을 밝혔다는 점에서 의의가 있다.