• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.292-298
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dual tasks on balance and postural control during standing in patients with cerebellar ataxia (CA). It was hypothesized that CA patients would exhibit different sway characteristics of the center of mass (COM) depending on the complexity of the secondary cognitive tasks compared with normal control subjects. Methods: A total of 8 patients with CA and age-matched healthy control subjects participated in this study. They were instructed to perform two balance tasks (non-dual and dual movement) with 3 different complexity of dual tasks. Range, variability, and velocity of COMs were measured. Results: According to the results CA patients showed deficits in balance and postural control with increased dual-task complexity during the static balance task in saggital sway movements. However, there was no significant difference in static balance in frontal sway. With higher difficulty in the cognitive task, CA patients took longer to stabilize their body center, while normal control subjects showed no change between conditions. In addition, CA patients had a greater COM resultant velocity during recovery in the dual-task condition compared with the single-task condition. These findings indicate that CA patients had defendable compensatory strategies in performing dual tasks. Conclusion: In conclusion, CA patients appeared to manage the priority to balance and postural control. Particularly in a situation with a postural threat such as when potential consequences of the loss of stability increase, they appeared to prioritize the control of balance and posture over the performance of the secondary task.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 1998

This study alms at developing the basic substance of education in Creating in 2- Dimentional Space, Which will make it possible to express and pursue creating which is appropriate for the characteristics of computer graphic as well as the technical side of the creating shape using computer in the established basic educational programs of the field, Thus in this study, I will put the concepts of creating shape relevant to various expression media in order. Based on this, I will clarify the potential of utilizing computer graphics and the extent to which they can applied, The purpose of this study lies 10 understanding computer as a means of creating and revealing the possibility for broadening the boundary of the establishd creating, For this, I am gOlOg to propose a plan for the education of Creating 10 2-Dimentional Space, limiting myself to the area relevant to computer graphics.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.169-178
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• 2018

This study aims is to explore of the theoretical concepts of regional imbalances and spatial inequality, analysis of spatial distribution of economic growth and identifying of "growth poles" for sustainable development in the regions of Kazakhstan. Based on the theoretical views, we conclude that the key direction of regional policy is the search and development of "growth poles", which will distribute their potential equally to backward regions. The authors propose the methodological tools for presenting a standard form of evaluation of spatial distribution and inequality of the regions of Kazakhstan. This study confirms the importance of using of proposed methods and its application for objectively and realistically defines "growth poles" for sustainable development. Further, the obtained results showed the distribution of Kazakhstan's regions by economic growth and specialization with using modified index of KDI. According to the results of this theoretical and empirical study proved that distribution of the regions of Kazakhstan and results of KDI indexes shows that the spatial differentiation of economic development, but its level and dynamics are different in different respects. In addition, according to the conducted survey, we conclude that one of the most important tasks is sustainable growth based on "growth poles" for sustainable development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.157-167
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• 2018

This research aims to generalize the conceptual basis of precariousness of employment, study the factors and scale of unsustainable of employment in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The concept of precariousness of employment is formed in social and economic studies about 40 years ago, but objective and subjective conditions and forms of unsustainable employment existed before. This study proposes a classification of forms of precariousness of employment on 16 criteria: the duration and timing of agreements, contract terms, the nature of income; the degree of labor autonomy; the level of formality; the level of openness; the level of vulnerability; the conditions of growth of qualification; the level of flexibility; the level of stability; regularity; the severity of the danger of work; in relation to the workplace; the quality of employment, the level of social security. In this research highlighted factors (globalization, demography, migration, structure factors, shadow and informal economy, social development and living standards, unemployment), and systematized certain trends of precariousness of employment, channels and means, forms of manifestation. The empirical analysis identified of the labor potential of the Eurasian countries and new quantitative estimates of the levels of unsustainable employment in the Eurasian Economic Space.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2015

The Admission Officer System is a selecting system that evaluates potential and talent of students in multiple aspects and selects whom each university wants to pick and fits the specific recruitment units. However, the issue about fairness of the system has been discussed continually. This study conducted online survey, using fairness checklist with 31 universities to know how admission officers perceive the fairness of the system and secure that. Also, three times of expert FGI were conducted, too. The result shows there are still many universities that adjustment for deviated evaluation in interview, separation of operating agency, stabilization of the statue of admission officers, analyzation of each evaluator's tendency, and so on are not achieved well. To assure the fairness of the admission officer system, securing validity by clearly defining the concept of fairness is proposed first. Stabilizing the statue of admission officers and continuous education training for them is also proposed to improve their professionality. Furthermore, expansion of education programs about the admission officer system in both quantity and quality is suggested for fairness of the system.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 2010

The Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) and the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) are wetland species listed as "Endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The two species were once common on the Korean peninsula, but have experienced a severe population reduction in the past decades. Currently, they are officially extinct in Korea. At present, reintroduction programs to release the birds to the wild are in progress in Korea as well as in Japan. In this study, we surveyed the historic breeding sites of the two species using the literature and face-to-face interviews with local people as a step toward determining appropriate breeding habitats for reintroduction. We found 26 historic breeding sites for the Oriental White Stork in Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do, but did not find any breeding sites for the Crested Ibis. These findings suggest that the Oriental White Stork was resident, while the Crested Ibis was a winter visitor to Korea. Based on these results, we discuss the possibilities for successful reintroduction of the two species in Korea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.2127-2130
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• 2013

Cancer, despite all the efforts, still causes one in five deaths worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy provide inadequate protection and instead affect normal cells along with cancer cells. The search for cancer cures from natural products (plants and animals) has been practice for over a decade and the use of purified chemical to treat cancer still continues. Several studies have been undertaken during last three decades to find the anti-cancerous property of various plant extract and toxins secreted by animals and micro-organism. These lead to the discovery of several promising molecule having anticancer activity, some of which are in clinical trial and may emerged to be a potential future drug in cancer therapy. In this study we have used penicillin to evaluate its anti-cancer activity. It shown significant effects at cellular and molecular levels against growth of HeLa and K562 cell lines.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to explore the educational potential of digital story telling in Second Life with three-dimensional virtual reality. Virtual reality such a Second Life can provide to learner chance with the rich learning environment through fidelity. In this study, we have been measured the fun and comprehension among three groups on digital storytelling types. Through the result of experimental, comprehension was no significant but fun was different among three groups on storytelling. we have the result that experiential activity in virtual reality that provide to get the identification as a main character, good environment is influenced the fun to learner via engagement facilitation.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.603-612
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• 2011

This study suggested an educational curriculum(12 class periods) in order for higher level elementary school students to learn programming in discretionary activity hours using a line tracer and evaluated achievement level based on the outcome of learning by class period to assess the possibility of success. As a result, it could confirm that the programming learning using the line tracer was more excellent in creativity than the computer programming learning. In addition, it has been found that the programming learning method using the line tracer had a potential to be successful as a new creative tool that could replace the computer.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.272-281
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was. to develop a valid and reliable Likert-type scale to assess middle school students' attitude toward environmental pollution. The evaluation categories of this instrument were cognition and conaction levels. Initially, 42 statements (29 statements for cognition level and 13 statements for conaction level) were framed. This pilot instrument was administered to 1015 middle school students. To select valid and reliable statements, the 42 initial statements were analyzed by item mean, standard deviation, and response distribution. In addition, the emotional intensity: of each statement was judged. As a result, 22 final statements (14 statements for cognition level and 8 statements for conaction level) were developed. Cronbach alpha coefficient of the instrument was 0.76 with a range of item-total correlation from 0.229 to 0.488. Factor analysis was done to explore the potential constructs of this instrument. As a result, six factors were extracted. Those factors were identified as "Conaction to prevent environmental pollution", "Confrontation with the enterprise which causes environmental pollution", "Voluntary inclination to participate in the group which prevents environmental pollution", "Discussion on environmental pollution", "Environmental pollution and interests", and "Everyday sources of environmental pollution".