• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.83-86
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• 2009

We conducted a landscape analysis to investigate the possibility of adverse effects of anthropogenic light sources, such as roads and residential buildings, on Lethocerus deyrollei on Jeju Island, Wetlands inhabited by L. deyrollei had fewer anthropogenic structures within a 3 km radius that had the potential to produce artificial light at night than wetlands not inhabited by L. deyrollei, In particular, the presence of artificial lights within a 1 km radius appears to reduce the probability of inhabitation by L. deyrollei, Our results suggest that artificial light sources may be critical determinants of L. deyrollei inhabitation patterns in a landscape, and that habitats that have a buffer area of at least 600$\sim$700 m radius free from residential buildings are the most appropriate habitats for L. deyrollei.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.5-12
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• 2002

High-speed telecommunication has brought variety of changes in every field of the world at large. In the field of education, use of multimedia has been positively introduced as teaching and learning tools. In addition, introduction of remote education as well as information and communication technology (ICT) has led an educational system gone into melting pot. These changes have known to be impossible without the provision of the infrastructure of telecommunications such as cabling, cable pathway, telecommunication equipments, and space for the equipments. Although the infrastructure of telecommunications should be fully considered from the early stage of the building design, most of the existing buildings have only cabling for voice communication such as telephone. As a result, heavy expenses are required for the installation of new telecommunication equipments. Such problems as defilement of the appearance of the building and a falling-off in reliability of telecommunication line are caused by the exposed cabling, when the cabling pathway and/or the space for the equipments are not reserved. Considering over 70% of error in telecommunication is coming from the cabling in building, it is necessary to reserve the space for efficient maintenance of the cabling and the equipments. In recent years, the national standard(TTAS.KO-04.0005) on the reservation of space for telecommunication cabling and equipments in residential and commercial building is established and applied for the building design. As well, the standard is in force for the educational buildings. In this study, we try to provide the guidelines for the design of telecommunications infrastructure in educational buildings for the purpose of efficient operation of education information and ICT.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

Public library is established on impartial accessibility of any distinction as their sex, age, financial status, etc. The function of public library is not only to accumulate materials and offer information but also minimize gulf between the rich and the poor by knowledge possession, which is realized by important means to intercept exclusive possession and power in knowledge pose-industrial society. As it is judged that most public library is established to individual building with thousands of cost, it is judged of obstacles to Increase library buildings. The purpose of this study is try to find the way to Increase In number of public library In Seoul by interaction local education-cultural facilities. The result from this study, the user rate of public library is influenced by number of buildings and accessibility of traffic and public library can improve efficiency by substantial operation by basic function for all age group. The target population of Seoul public library sizes by decuple of advanced countries because of difficulty of accessibility, so it needs to make it small scale and also can offer self-regulation learning, materials and life-long learning programs because generally public library's utilization purpose is different by age. As school in Seoul amounts to 25 times of public library by about 1,200 buildings and can function of lifelong education center with a school library, cultural center and other composition buildings, so school facilities may use as a public library for local residents.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2008

The occurrence of fires in heavily populated multiplex buildings is a serious concern. It causes a great threat to many people and a serious social problem. Whenever this kind of fire happens, the authorities are busy preparing partial countermeasures to control the crisis situations. Luckily, the government has enforced a special law regarding safety supervision of majority-used buildings to prepare the basic countermeasures for the buildings' safety. Recently, the multiplex buildings which have multi type compounds have increased in size by getting bigger and bigger. As there are many people who would need to escape and the complicated structures like mazes in buildings of this type, it is not only difficult to prevent a fire but also easy to cause a large loss of lives. For a better fire safety supervision of the buildings, there needs to be passers and owners' good sense of safety, fire proof of the buildings and education of the fire authorities.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.169-184
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• 2022

The importance of seismicity in developing countries and the strengthening of buildings is a topic of major importance. Therefore, the study of several solutions with the development of new technologies is of great importance to investigate the damage on retrofitted structures by using probabilistic methods. The Federal Emergency Management Agency considers three types of performance levels by considering different scenarios, intensity and duration. The selection and scaling of ground motions mainly depends on the aim of the study. Intensity-based assessments are the most common and compute the response of buildings for a specified seismic intensity. Assessments based on scenarios estimate the response of buildings to different earthquake scenarios. A risk-based assessment is considered as one of the most effective. This research represents a practical method for developing countries where exists many active faults, tall buildings and lack of good implementable approaches. Therefore, to achieve the main goal, two high-rise steel buildings have been modeled and assessed. The contribution of buckling-restrained braces in the elastic design of both buildings is firstly verified. In the nonlinear static range, both buildings presented repairable damage at the central top part and some life safety hinges at the bottom. The nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis was applied by 15 representative/scaled accelerograms to obtain levels of performance and fragility curves. The results shown that by using probabilistic methods, it is possible to estimate the probability of collapse of retrofitted buildings by buckling-restrained braces and tuned mass dampers, which are practical retrofitting options to protect existing structures against earthquakes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.45-53
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide the fundamental data to improve a school building through comparing and analyzing facilities of high schools located in Gyeonggi - do Province on the basis of the Design Indicator for the Korean Educational Buildings. Two types of high schools were examined for this study. Some of them are high schools selected by Korean Ministry of Education as a school equipped with superior facilities and the others are high schools equipped with general facilities. 8 items such as safety, comfort, the function of education, utilization, the public, eco-friendliness, technology performance, economical efficiency were examined by 5 point Likert scale. Findings showed that all facilities of both types of high schools received high ratings in terms of safety, utilization, and technology performance. However, the evaluation index on 'various used outdoor space' and 'public buildings harmonized with surroundings' of the education function of both types of high schools was low, which implies that the facility related to the education function needs to be improved. It infers that facilities are simplified and harmony with surroundings disappears when altering the design of the school building due to the convenience of building and the problem of the budget. Therefore, these need to be primarily controlled. Additionally, in high schools with general facilities, the evaluation index on 'aesthetic interior and exterior design of comfort', 'the responsive space to the demand for teaching and learning of the function of education', and eco-friendless were so low that these factors need to be considered when designing the school building.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1049-1066
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• 2016

An approximate analysis is presented for multi-story setback buildings subjected to ground motions. Setback buildings with mass and stiffness discontinuities are common in modern architecture and quite often they are asymmetric in plan. The proposed analysis provides basic dynamic data (frequencies and peak values of base resultant forces) and furthermore an overview of the building response during a ground excitation. The method is based on the concept of the equivalent single story system, which has been introduced by the author in earlier papers for assessing the response of uniform in height buildings. As basic quantities of the dynamic response of elastic setback buildings can be derived by analyzing simple systems, a structural layout of minimum elastic rotational response can be easily constructed. The behavior of such structural configurations, which is basically translational into the elastic phase, is also examined into the post elastic phase when the strength assignment of the various bents is based on a planar static analysis under a set of lateral forces simulating an equivalent 'seismic loading'. It is demonstrated that the almost concurrent yielding of all resisting elements preserves the translational response, attained at the end of the elastic phase, to the post elastic one.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.265-285
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• 2018

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the design, research and education aspects of fire safety engineering (FSE) with a particular concern on high-rise buildings. FSE finds its root after Great Fire of Rome in 64 AD, followed by Great London Fire in 1666. The development of modern FSE is continuously driven by industry revolution, insurance community and government regulations. Now FSE has become a unique engineering discipline and is moving towards performance-based design since 1990s. The performance-based fire safety design (PBFSD) involves identification of fire safety goals, design objectives, establishment of performance criteria, and selection of proper solutions for fire safety. The determination of fire scenarios and design fires have now become major contents for PBFSD. To experience a rapid and positive evolution in design and research consistent with other engineering disciplines, it is important for fire safety engineering as a profession to set up a special educational system to deliver the next-generation fire safety engineers. High-rise buildings have their unique fire safety issues such as rapid fire and smoke spread, extended evacuation time, longer fire duration, mixed occupancies, etc., bringing more difficulties in ensuring life safety and protection of property and environment. A list of recommendations is proposed to improve the fire safety of high-rise buildings. In addition, some source information for specific knowledge and information on FSE is provided in Appendix.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.310-315
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• 2009

Large hospitals such as medical centers provide not only medical services, but also carry the responsibilities for emergency refuges, medical researches and education. The function of large hospitals is as important as other infrastructure systems such as highways, bridges, and utilities. When disasters occur, the hospitals have to provide emergency medical services for victims and support the patient's needs of health. In order to keep a smooth operation of hospitals, the maintenance management of hospital buildings should be carefully investigated. However, there are few researches focused on maintenance management issues of hospital buildings. This paper investigated the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) and established a maintenance cost database. The NTUH is the best-known and most high-renowned medical center in Taiwan in which more than 4,000 employees serving approximately 2,000 in-patients and 7,000 out-patients daily. The data were collected from the NTUH which consisted of 16,228 maintenance records in the past ten years. This paper analyzed these data to obtain various characteristics of maintenance records, and revealed the key items of maintenance cost for large hospital buildings, which can provide the facility manager of hospital buildings to execute a proper maintenance policy for hospital buildings.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2023

The use of Engineered Wood Systems (EWS), especially mass-timber, as a structural alternative or complement to steel and concrete is gaining interest and acceptance across different sectors of architecture, engineering, and construction, including in high-rise buildings. Focussing on the Australian context, this study examines the levels of adoption and barriers to using timber as a primary structural material in multi-storey buildings. Data collected from semi-structured interviews with stakeholders at the forefront of adoption in structural design, construction, and property development indicates that timber in multi-storey projects in Australia still faces industry-wide challenges. Designers' awareness and attitudes towards timber adoption are generally positive and suitable for flagship projects, including tall buildings, but for enduring and widespread impact, long-term investment in education within and outside the range of stakeholders already committed to promoting timber adoption is needed.