• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.499-511
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• 2023

Anchor channels are commonly used for façade, tunnel, and structural connections. These connections encounter various types of loadings during their service life, including high rate or impact loading. For anchor channels that are placed close and parallel to an edge and loaded in shear perpendicular to and towards the edge, the failure is often governed by concrete edge breakout. This study investigates the transverse shear behavior of the anchor channels under quasi-static and high rate loadings using a numerical approach (3D finite element analysis) utilizing a rate-sensitive microplane model for concrete as constitutive law. Following the validation of the numerical model against a test performed under quasi-static loading, the rate-sensitive static, and rate-sensitive dynamic analyses are performed for various displacement loading rates varying from moderately high to impact. The increment in resistance due to the high loading rate is evaluated using the dynamic increase factor (DIF). Furthermore, it is shown that the failure mode of the anchor channel changes from global concrete edge failure to local concrete crushing due to the activation of structural inertia at high displacement loading rates. The research outcomes could be valuable for application in various types of connection systems where a high rate of loading is expected.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.281-292
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• 2016

The genus Sinopoda (Araneae, Sparassidae) from Korea are taxonomically reviewed. As a result, Sinopoda aureola is removed from the synonymy of Sinopoda stellatops and treated as a valid species. In addition, two new species, Sinopoda biguttata sp. nov. and Sinopoda nigrobrunnea sp. nov. are described with accompanying photographs. The new species, S. biguttata sp. nov., can be distinguished from other congeners by the combination of following characteristics: a pair of large ivory patterns near posterior muscle sigilla on opisthosoma; relatively small internal genitalia and long, distally bifurcated fertilization duct. The new species, S. nigrobrunnea sp. nov., can be distinguished from other congeners by the combination of following characteristics: lateral edge of epigyne angled; edge of epigynal pocket linear; glandular appendages perpendicularly directed then curved posteriorly.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.207-216
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• 1991

In the case that the robot manipulator should respond to the variance and uncertainty of the environment in performing preforming precision tasks, it is indispensable that the robot utilizes the various sensors for intrlligence. In this paper, the robot force control method is implemented with a force/torque sensor, two personal computers, and a PUMA 560 manipulator for performing the various application tadks. The hybrid position/force control method is used to control the force and position axis separately. An interface board is designed to read the force/torque sensor output into the computer. Since the two computers should exchange the information quickly, a common memory board is designed. Before the algorithms of application tasks are developed, the basic force commands must be supplied. Thus, the MOVE-UNTIL command is used at the discrete time instant and, the MOVE-COMPLY is used at the continuous time instant for receiving the force feedback information. Using the two basic force commands, three application algorithms are developed and implemented for edge-following, insertion, and grinding tasks.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.47-64
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• 1995

In this paper, an algorithm that finds man-made structures in a praylevel aerial images is proposed to perform stereo matching. An extracted contour of buildings must have a high accuracy in order to get a good feature-based stereo matching result. Therefore this study focuses on the use of edge following in the original image rather than use of ordinary edge filters. The Algorithm is composed of two main categories; one is to find candidate regions in the whole image and the other is to extract exact contours of each building which each candidate region.. The region growing method using the centroid linkage method of variance value is used to find candidate regions of building and the contour line tracing algorithm based on an adge following method is used to extract exact contours. The result shows that the almost contours of building composed of line segments are extracted.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2003년도 학술대회
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• pp.87-87
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• 2003

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2012년도 제46차 하계학술발표논문집 20권2호
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• pp.87-88
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• 2012

Because intra prediction modes in H.264 are determined by the brightness continuity between neighboring blocks, they can be used as a method for extracting edge information in the compression domain. However, if we just consider 9 intra prediction modes in H.264 as 9 different edge directions, we have the following two problems. First, intra prediction modes tend to yield too many edge blocks, generating unnecessary edge information. Second, we may not need all 9 directional edges (including the DC type) in H.264 intra prediction modes. For example, the EHD (edge histogram descriptor) in MPEG-7 defines only 4 directional edge types, namely horizontal, vertical, diagonal (HVD) edges with $0^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $135^{\circ}$. Here, semi-diagonal (SD) edge types with $112.5^{\circ}$, $157.5^{\circ}$, $22.5^{\circ}$, and $67.5^{\circ}$ in the intra prediction modes in H.264 are not used. In this paper. we prepose a method that removes unnecessary edges from the intra prediction modes by utilizing the total average coefficient of 4x4 blocks in each slice and assign SD edges to HVD (horizontal, vertical, diagonal, $0^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$) edges by the contextual information of the neighboring blocks. Experimental results show that the edges determined by the proposed method in the compression domain are comparable to those of the previous edge detection methods in the spatial domain.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1217-1224
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• 2009

고정익 항공기가 3차원의 복잡한 경로를 추종하기 위해 필요한 비교적 간단하며 효과적인 유도 제어 방법을 제시한다. 소개되는 방법은 비선형 경로 추종 유도 기법을 외부 루프로 사용한다. 외부 루프는 원하는 경로와 함께 항공기의 현재 위치와 속도를 바탕으로 비행 경로를 변화하기 위한 가속도 명령을 생성한다. 가속도 명령은 중력과 벡터적으로 결합되어 Specific Force Acceleration을 만든다. 이렇게 생성된 Specific Force Acceleration은 내부 루프를 위한 명령으로 쓰이는데, 이는 항공기가 가속도 자체보다는 Specific Force Acceleration을 더 직접적으로 제어할 수 있기 때문이다. 나아가 배면 비행이나 Slow Roll, Knife-Edge 등과 같은 옆미끄럼짐 기동을 하기 위해 필요한 롤 자세 제어 기법도 제시한다. 마지막으로 표준이 되는 여러 가지 곡예비행 경로들에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행함으로써 제시된 기법의 성능을 검증한다.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2005

This paper shows the tonal patterns of English conjunctive utterances produced by Korean speakers of English, presenting that Korean speakers realize either the H - phrase tone or the H% boundary tone at the phrase-final part of the conjunctive utterances. Based on Pierrehumbert & Hirschberg's (1990) claim that either H- or H% tone indicates that a phrase is related to the following one, Korean speakers seem to produce the satisfactory patterns of edge tones in conjunctive sentences. In the experiment, we made up conjunctive sentences including both coordinate conjunctions such as and, but, or, and so and subordinate conjunctions like if, when and though. We varied the stimuli according to the existence of a comma and the lengths of connecting words and phrases. We also divided the subjects into two levels of English proficiency based on their English written test scores to see if Korean speakers' performance ability of edge tones is related with their general competence of English. Results show that Korean speakers produced 84% of the H- phrase tone in intermediate phrases and H-L% and L-H% boundary tones in intonational phrases. Also, coordinate and subordinate conjunctions show little difference in their tonal contours, and the existence of a comma or the lengths of connecting words and phrases do not affect Korean speakers' production of the H- phrasal tone and the H% boundary tone. This may suggest that pitch accents, rather than edge tones, should be put more focus on in teaching English intonation in Korea as much work has already shown that Korean speakers have serious problem with producing pitch accents in speaking English.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 1978

The purpose of this study was to apply the position, the form and the angle of the attrition in the natural maxillary central incisors shown on the labial surface to the artificial teeth in the field of prosthetic dentistry. So we should exactly alter the molds of artificial teeth in individual cases in order to make artificial teeth more natural. 226 extracted teeth of the maxillary central incisors were chosen as materials. I have exactly examined the teeth with a magnifying glass and a circular graduator under concentrated light. The observation brought me the following results: 1) The attrition was most prevailing at the range from the mesial angle to the middle part of cutting edge in the left maxillary central incisor, and distal angle of cutting edge in the right maxillary central incisor. 2) On the attrite form of both angles, the angulated form was more than 4 times as frequent as rounded form in the mesial angle, and almost equal in the distal angle. 3) On the attrite form of cutting edge, mesial attrite form including mesial angle was most frequent in the left maxillary central incisor, and distal attrite form including distal angle in the right maxillary central incisor. 4) The angle made by the labial surface and the attrite surface was about $39^{\circ}$, and more than 70% of the total examined teeth were included at the range from $31^{\circ}\;to\;50^{\circ}$. 5) None attrite form at the cutting edge was about 12% and completely attrite form at the cutting edge was about 27% of examined teeth.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.542-548
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• 1997

In this study an evaluation method of fatigue strength of membrane type LNG tank is presented with FEM analysis and experimental approach of seam and raised edge welds. The study contains the following : l)FEM analysis of test specimens 2)Fatigue tests of seam and raised edge welds 3)Estimation of cumulative damage factor of the welds on the basis of safe life design concept complying with the rules of classification society 4)Review of the effect of mean stress on the fatigue strength 5)Modelling of fatigue life of the welds which is changeable by weld heights With the results obtained in this study, a model ${\Delta}{\delta}/h^2=0.13553\;{N_{f}}^{-0.3151}$ for seam and raised edge welds having a given weld height is proposed to be useful for designers and inspectors.