• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2003

Korean technological innovation is characterized by large firm-leading and characterized sector such as electricity and electronics. We examine the relationship between two elements. Using patent data registered at USPTO by Korean firms, We examine the relationship between patterns of innovative activities and sectoral specialization. As a result, Korean technological innovation is characterized by relatively high asymmetry, big share of large firms, high stability of ranking of innovators and diminishing role of newcomer, therefore as close as Schumpeter Mark II. But technological specialization is associated positively with the big share of large firms, negatively with low stability of ranking of innovators. It means that Korean technological innovation is led by large firms, but quantitative growth and technological specialization is achieved through competition between them.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.283-314
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• 2003

The transformation of sector system in Information and Communications Technology (ICT), a prominent character in sector system, has been paid much attention in innovation theory with rapid change in information technologies and technological environment. In this context, we explore how Sectoral Innovation System (SIS) in ICT has been transformed since 1970 by employing US patent data and Proxy variables which measures the basic elements for SIS and its technological characteristics. By utilizing patent data, it is demonstrated that technological regimes, key links and Schumpeterian patterns of innovation in overall ICT sector have drastically transformed over the last three decades. We also reviewed how changes of knowledge bases and technological characteristics driving forces of dynamics in ICT help heterogeneous agents interact with environmental factors (Industrial structure and institutions), leading to industrial or economic growth and its dynamics in the historical perspective over ICT sector (Telecommunication, Computer and Semiconductor). Consequently, our research shows clearly that Schumpeterian patterns of innovation have shifted from Mark I to Mark II in ICT. Our study also provides a glimpse picture of dynamics patent data.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2002

This paper examines internet addiction from the perspective of consumer studies. Internet addiction could be an interesting issue for consumer studies because it is a sort of consumer behavior that has drawn a lot of social concerns in rapidly informatized era. First, the paper explores the status quo of internet addiction in Korea through the analysis of a questionnaire survey. Secondly, it explains causes of internet addiction focusing on alienation in addition to personality and demographic factors. Thirdly, it describes the characteristics of the behavior of internet-addictive users clustered by internet addiction degree. Based on these descriptions and analyses, the study provides suggestions for establishing more effective consumer policies and educational programs to help limit the growth of internet addiction.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.101-111
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized scale to diagnostic life planning in late adolescence. A preliminary 32 item scale was developed through a literature review & a survey. 896 people responded to an online survey using the preliminary scale. A series of test, such as test-retest, item-to-total correlation, factor analysis and Cronbach' ${\alpha}$ reliability were conducted using the survey data and a scale comprising 31 items was constructed finally. The diagnostic scale for life planning in late Adolescence consisted of seven factors : (1) complete growth minds (2) life- plan (3) variety experiences (4) close relationships (5) management of healthy body (6) practical finance-plans (7) active preparation of future job. The scale is useful as a guideline for managing life of the late Adolescence. And it is helpful to them to make plan for the better life.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.561-573
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• 2000

Knowledge concerning the nutritional requirements and nutritional problems of fanned deer is limited. Nutritional recommendations must be based on data from domestic ruminants and fanned deer. An understanding of the biology and adaptative characteristics of wild deer is essential for sensible application of sheep and cattle nutritional principles. Nutritional requirements of deer are generally separated into five categories: energy, protein, minerals, vitamins and water. Research on deer nutrition has primarily focused on energy, protein and minerals (phosphorus and calcium). Changes in the nutritional requirements that occur with gestation, lactation, breeding and antler growth should be coordinated with seasonal changes in nutrient availability from forage plants. This paper describes aspects of current knowledge of energy, protein, minerals, vitamins and water requirements. Nutritional problems of. fanned deer are described with recommendations for prevention or control. A comparison of production efficiency of deer, lamb, beef cattle and dairy cattle is included.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.336-343
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• 1984

Rapid urban growth is characterized in most developing countries. Overurbanization, in this paper, which means rural-urban migration continues to exceed rates of urban job creation, thus leading to a less than optimal allocation of labor between the rural and urban sectors. In consequence of over-urbanization third world cities are suffering unemployment, underemployment and misemployment. Rural-urban migration, a few years ago, was viewed favorably with regards to the economic development, but recent developing countries are experiencing the opposite. Rural-urban expected income differential can act to exacerbate the urban unemployment situation even though urban employment might expand as a direct result of governement policy. Agricultural investment, especially land saving technology - irrigation, drainage, etc. - and rural industrialization seems to be the best policy to reduce overurbanization.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.185-206
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• 2008

The National Health Insurance (NHI) has been the main body of health care system in Korea for the last 30 years since the NHI was founded. However, the inefficient management and strong regulations of the NHI have hindered the development of health care industry. The establishment of the MB government, whose interest lies on economic growth rather than equity, is expected to help the health care services gain a momentum. The essential measures that can step up public health care services overall are the following: the introduction of competition within NHI, the activation of private health care insurance, and the allowance of for-profit hospital. The private-public mix with market mechanism would level up the health care service for the public.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.33-39
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• 2016

This study empirically evaluates the impact of exchange rate volatility, foreign direct investment, terms of trade, inflation, and industrial production and foreign exchange reserves on Pakistani trade volume over the period of 1975-2010 using quarterly data set. The study employs financial econometrics methods such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test GARCH (1, 1) technique and Almon Polynomial Distributed Lag (APDL) models to estimate the relationship of variables. Findings of the study are in accordance with theoretical relationships presented by Clark, Tamirisa, Wei, Sadikov, & Zeng (2004), McKenzie (1999), Dellas & Zilberfarb (1993) and Côté (1994). These findings are also in accordance with the empirical studies which support positive relationship of exchange rate volatility and exports presented by Hsu & Chiang (2011), Chit (2008), Feenstra & Kendall (1991), Esquivel & Larraín (2002) and Onafowora & Owoye (2008). Findings of the study in terms of imports are supported by the studies such as Lee (1999), Alam & Ahmad (2011) and Arize (1998). The study also recommends some very important policy prescriptions.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.151-169
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• 2004

Studies on compensation structures of international technology licensing show that the level of intellectual property protection in the host market and the favorableness of the host country's economic environment are positively related to the use of running royalty-based compensation structure. Lump-sum fee or fixed royalty compensation is more likely to be used in the introduction and decline stages of the technology life cycle, and running royalty compensation in the growth stage. The international experience and the size of the licensor company are positively related to the use of running royalty. In this theoretical context, this paper analyzes the compensation structures of technology import in Korea. The paper uses the officially reported data to analyze the compensation structures. It analyzes the characteristics of the compensation structures in terms of fixed royalty and running royalty by licensor country, group of licensor countries and size of licensee companies.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.177-197
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• 2010

Recent development of Taiwanese IT industry is one of the under-researched areas compared to their rapid development for last few decades. Especially Taiwanese IT industry has position themselves as leading technological power through cooperation with mainland China. For Korean IT industry, in order to compete against Taiwanese IT corporations, more researches need to be done how Taiwanese IT industry has evolved over the years. This research has analysed that Taiwanese IT industry has developed by specializing in OEM/ODM and nurturing small-medium sized corporations. Also the research describes the rold of government nurturing small/meduim sized IT companies and how effectively technologies are transferred to those companies.