• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.181-196
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• 2024

This study examines the impact of university graduate Startup rates on economic growth in the regions where universities are located, using panel data from 35 universities in 17 regions in Korea and 21 universities in 13 cities in China over a six-year period from 2016 to 2021. In Korea, a total of 35 universities were selected as part of the Ministry of Education's "University-initiated Startup" policy, including Startup-oriented universities, leading universities in Startup education innovation, Startup education bases, and excellent universities in Startup education, while in China, 21 universities were selected as part of the pilot bases established as part of the "Mass Entrepreneurship, Mass Innovation" policy. To analyze the economic impact of the universities on the regions where they are located, we aimed to conduct an empirical analysis of the economic impact using economic indicators of the economic growth rate of the regions where they are located. The results of the empirical analysis show that the Startup rate of university graduates in Korea and China both have a positive impact on the regional economic growth rate, but the Startup rate of local university graduates in Korea has a greater impact on the regional economy than in China. Based on the findings that the number of entrepreneurs produced by universities has a positive impact on the economic growth of their regions, this study draws implications for the role of universities and regions in revitalizing local economies and the establishment of systems to resolve the imbalance between metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.22-47
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• 1997

This paper suggests a model of Living & Learning Nation as a new ploicy framework. It is a combination of Living Nation and Learning Nation. Living Nation model takes the nation as a living entity composed of spirit, resource, and communication : it grows but healthy and balanced growth is needed, its organs are closely connected, it has a circulation system, the 'spirit' factor plays the central role, etc.. Learning Nation model is a national level version of learning organization concept. The model defines new perspectives on the objectives, span of means, and the role of government in S&T policy. Therefore, the model can be used to give new insights to policymakers of developing countries facing the knowledge-based economy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.63-66
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• 1998

The steady growth in the use of plastic materials in packaging applications has caused an increasing concern about the environment and the problem of solid waste disposal. Therefore, the recycling of plastics is the very important problem, which must be solved technically and environmentally [1]. It is technically feasible to recycle, recover and reuse all of the plastics discarded, but economics limit the degree of recycling at this time.(omitted)

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.203-230
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• 2000

Korean footwear industry has experienced rapid growth and decline during last 30 years. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the main reason for the decline of Korean footwear industry by examining the process of technological learning which Korean footwear firms experienced during last 30 years of OEM. Before this analysis is done, innovation patterns of world footwear industry is sketched to compare with those of Korean footwear industry. On the basis of the analysis on the reasons for decline, I suggest some policy recommendations.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.71-100
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• 1999

This article is concerned with the importance of organisation management and its characteristics in business performance in SMEs, and tested by four main aspects: managerial strategies, organisational structure, leader behaviour, and R&D activities. These relationships were tested with questionnaire data from a random sample of 87 firms. Results from simple statistics on each issue showed that SMEs have focused on the corporate growth and management goals, the democratic leadership, decentralisation in organisational structure, and the technology development plans. Results from correlation analyses not only found significant relationships between managerial strategy and R&D activities but also showed differences in R&D activities according to structural status or leadership style, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1992-1998
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• 2014

This paper aims to understand the meaning of balanced development among regional economies and its importance in the s0-called knowledge-based economy. It is shown that the balanced allocation of human capital is necessary to achieve the efficient allocation of physical capital among regional economies, which makes the equality of marginal product of capital. And a simulation experiment is conducted to calculate the cost of unbalanced growth. It is shown that balanced growth among regional economies may increase the growth rate of whole national economy while unbalanced growth among them reduce it. The policy implication is that for an any economy to grow at a higher rate, the efficient allocation of physical and human capital both are necessary to have the balanced growth of regional economies in knowledge-based economy.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.253-262
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• 1983

A survey was undertaken to investigate relationship between nutritional status and physical growth and behavior of school children. Dietary intakes, environmental factors, physical growth, personality, and cognitive development were measured in 323 children of 4 th and 6th grader in the urban and rural arcas. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The average intakes of the food groups and nutrients except ascorbic acid were lower in rural children. Comparing the intakes of the rural children with RDA of the Korean children, 64.0% of them in protein, 99.3% in calcium, 84.6% in iron, and 73.5% in riboflavin consumed less than 75% of RDA. Environmental factors were significantly related to the nutrient intakes 2) Height, weight, and head circumference were significantly related to the nutrient intakes. Retarded growth due to malnutrition was supposed in the $rural^{1)}$ area. 3) Some domains of personality were significantly related to nutrient intakes. 4) Environmental factors, physical growth, and nutrient intakes made independent contribution to variation in cognitive performance and their relative importance depended on the particular cognitive domain when stepwise multiple regression analyses were undertaken. Environmental stimulation was largely associated with verbal usage, and economic status and nutrient intakes with numerical reasoning. Above findings support that nutritional deprivation retards brain growth and performance on various cognitive dimensions of children. Therefore, amelioration of the several adverse social, economical, environmental influences as well as the improvement of dietary intake is required to bring about a substantial enhancement of the physical growth and the mental development of children.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.157-177
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• 2010

This study analyzes the effect of fiscal decentralization on economic growth by using each province city's panel data of China from 1985 to 2008. By using Recently developed fiscal decentralization index and autonomy of local government quantified this study finds the following conclusions. The increase of inflation rate affects positive effect on Chinese economy. This is the trade-off relationship with the growth of Chinese economy by the Phillips Curve theory. So this suggests the instability of Chinese economy. The affiliation of WTO of China shows positive effect on Chinese economy. This can be translated as the real evidence about free trade theory of Classical School. Expenditure decentralization in China led to economic growth and revenue decentralization also affected positively although it was not as much as expenditure decentralization's effect. Central tax and local tax negatively influenced economic growth; and differently from our expectation, local government autonomy quantified was not relevant to economic growth.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.125-145
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• 2008

Japan is now facing an aging society with fewer children. According to the demographic change in Japan, its economic effect on the economic growth has gained public attention. This paper focuses on the effect of the demographic change on economic growth in Japan, too. The first part illustrates the process of demographic transition in Japan. Thanks to successful Meiji Revitalizing Reform, Japan had experienced demographic transition earlier than the other East Asia countries. The second part of this paper describes relations between demographic factors and economic growth theoretically. In addition, it analyzes demographic effects on economic growth empirically using time series data of Japan from 1952 to 2005. It is the main finding of analyses that there are positive relations between demographic factor, including employment population rate, population rate and TFR, and economic growth. Therefore, in the near future, a decreasing labor force will cause economic stagnation in Japan. To overcome this problems, it is required to make various policies.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.77-97
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• 2012

Estimated coefficients has serious problems including inconsistency, biasness, etc. because many researches about the effect of fiscal decentralization on a country's economic growth use the traditional OLS method. Researches use the data intactly so that so called "spurious regression" phenomenon exists. This causes fundamental fallacy. This research tries unit root test, cointegration test, and then estimates the United States' economic time series by using VECM. The analysis of the effect of the state level-fiscal decentralization on economic growth shows two long term-equilibriums. During short term-dynamic adjustment, fiscal decentralization and economic growth move the same or different directions. In case of prediction GDP increases steeply and then from 2015 gently; and fiscal decentralization index shows a general reduction trend and then decreases slowly. At local level it shows two long term-equilibriums. During short term-dynamic adjustment, fiscal decentralization and economic growth also move the same or different directions. Impulse response analysis shows the very negative effect of fiscal decentralization on economic growth.