• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.865-874
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the process of inquiry problem finding in high school students' small group free-inquiry. For this purpose, 91 second grade high school students took part in small group free-inquiry. We conducted interviews with students (48 students in 15 groups) who were relatively successful in the inquiry performed for one semester (about 4 months). Based on the results of the interviews, we analyzed the characteristics of the inquiry problem finding through the steps and strategies in the inquiry problem finding process. The main results are as follows: First, in the inquiry problem finding process, steps such as selecting keyword, presenting an inconvenience, presenting a question, and finding an inquiry problem were found, and in particular, the process of selecting the keyword that correspond to the subject of inquiry, such as the material and situation of inquiry, is very important step in inquiry problem finding. Second, the strategies that students used in the process of finding inquiry problem included searching information, review of prior research, sharing of knowledge and experience, linking and extension of knowledge and experience, environmental awareness, expert consultation, discussion of suitability, elaboration, etc. Third, finding an inquiry problem was relatively easy in the inquiry for finding out problems (i.e. inconvenience) in everyday life and investigating ways to solve them. Fourth, the review of prior researches through the internet was useful in the process of selecting keyword and elaboration. Fifth, the factors that students consider when selecting one of several candidate inquiry problems are feasibility, real-life applicability, and economic condition. Sixth, the current affairs had a positive impact on the inquiry problem finding. Based on the above results, we discussed some ways to increase students' inquiry problem finding ability.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-45
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• 2018

This research is concerned with the current state and uniqueness of Vietnam's Fair Trade through the case study of Fair Trade Organizations (hereafter FTOs) in Vietnam. Vietnam has emerged a successful developing country with rapid economic growth under the socialist regime, while the income gap between the rich and the poor is still growing. Especially the poverty is becoming a serious issue for ethnic minorities and smallholder farmers in the mountainous areas. Fair Trade in the early stage has been initiated, and still is led by the charities and international development agencies of the Global North. But Vietnam's Fair Trade has been introduced by local Vietnamese who have been motivated to solve their own problems voluntarily. This is different from other Fair Trade producing countries in the Global South. It's noticeable that Vietnam's FTOs are playing a significant role of adopting and applying Fair Trade practices. Concerning Fair Trade producing countries the researchers are mostly focusing on Africa and Latin America and the themes are mainly to do with the impact of Fair Trade producers. There are very few research outcomes on the analysis of producing countries' FTOs and their motives and developing processes. The research findings can contribute to understand not only Vietnam's challenges and issues, but also Fair Trade producing countries in general.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.59-72
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• 2021

Research in which an individual's entrepreneurial spirit contributes to the country's economic development through revitalization of entrepreneurship is being actively conducted, but studies related to individual satisfaction or life satisfaction are still insufficient. This study aims to clarify the influence of young adults' entrepreneurial spirit on their life satisfaction and at the same time verify the mediating effect of self-efficacy and self-determination. In addition, an empirical analysis was conducted on 511 young people to reveal the effectiveness of participation in government start-up support projects. The research results are as follows. First, the entrepreneurial spirit had a positive effect on the life satisfaction of young people. Second, self-determination and self-efficacy played a role in mediating the relationship between entrepreneurship and life satisfaction. Finally, participation in start-up support projects did not show a statistically significant moderating effect. This study is expected to provide a clue that life satisfaction can act as a major variable in the impact of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurship. It also implies that the performance of the government start-up support project should be considered not only about the quantitative performance such as sales and employment effect, but also the qualitative performance such as personal life satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.108-114
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• 2021

Green colored citrus is the immature fruit of the field citrus crop in Jeju, and its demand has been growing recently as it is known to contain a large amount of carotinoid, pectin, and vitamin C. It differs from the traditional varieties of blue tangerine, which are green in February and turn in yellow in March-April. This study analyzed the effects of the increased demand in green citrus on the field citrus industry. For our analysis, a partial equilibrium supply-demand model was established with a dynamic recursive structure using data from 1989-2017. Model calibration was also conducted to determine the best supply-demand model and then, the impacts of increasing demand for green immature citrus in Jeju for 2018-2030 was simulated. The simulation results show that there is no significant impact on the producing area prior to 2022, but there is a distinguishable increase of 18ha in 2023, 52ha in 2025, and 142ha in 2030. It was also predicted that revenue would increase by KRW 7.75 billion on average from 2021-2030.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.178-188
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• 2022

The introduction of virtual power plants is actively being discussed to solve the problem of grid acceptability caused by the spread of distributed renewable energy, which is the key to achieving carbon neutrality. However, a new business such as virtual power plants is difficult to secure economic feasibility at the initial stage of introduction because it is common that there is no compensation mechanism. Therefore, appropriate support including subsidy is required at the early stage. But, it is generally difficult to obtain the cost model to determine the subsidy level because of the lack of enough data for the new business model. In this study, a survey of domestic experts on the requirements, appropriate scale, and cost required for the introduction of virtual power plants is conducted. First, resource composition scenarios are designed from the survey results to consider the impact of the resource composition on the cost. Then, the cost estimation model is obtained using the individual cost estimation data for their resource compositions using logistic regression analysis. In the case study, appropriate initial subsidy levels are analyzed and compared for the virtual power plants on the scale of 20-500MW. The results show that mid-to-large resource composition cases show 29-51% lower cost than small-to-large resource composition cases.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-55
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• 2022

In this study, we investigate the interrelationship between housing tenure and childbirth by exploiting the correlation probability effect method that accounts for household heterogeneity. Using the newlywed household panel from 2011 to 2022, we find that home ownership has a positive impact on childbirth in newlyweds. Specifically, newlywed households with housing tenure show a 6.2%p higher birth rate and a 5.7%p higher second childbirth than newlywed households living in rented houses. For the case of first childbirth, we employ the probability effect probit model since the endogeneity was not detected between housing tenure and birth rate. We document the differential effects of housing tenure on childbirth in that the first childbirth rate is higher for households without housing tenures. The negative effects on first childbirth could be attributed to the economic burden due to initial housing ownership, while housing tenure could eventually provide housing stability, leading to positive effects on more than one childbirth. Finally, we identify that households with childbirth over the last year show a 4.2%p and 3.9%p lower probabilities of housing tenure in the total sample and second childbirth sample, respectively. This suggests that the increased living cost due to childbirth could delay home ownership.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-42
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• 2021

The outlook for Korea's consumer price inflation rate has a profound impact not only on the Bank of Korea's operation of the inflation target system but also on the overall economy, including the bond market and private consumption and investment. This study presents the prediction results of consumer price inflation in Korea for the next three years. To this end, first, model selection is performed based on the out-of-sample predictive power of autoregressive distributed lag (ADL) models, AR models, small-scale vector autoregressive (VAR) models, and large-scale VAR models. Since there are many potential predictors of inflation, a Bayesian variable selection technique was introduced for 12 macro variables, and a precise tuning process was performed to improve predictive power. In the case of the VAR model, the Minnesota prior distribution was applied to solve the dimensional curse problem. Looking at the results of long-term and short-term out-of-sample predictions for the last five years, the ADL model was generally superior to other competing models in both point and distribution prediction. As a result of forecasting through the combination of predictions from the above models, the inflation rate is expected to maintain the current level of around 2% until the second half of 2022, and is expected to drop to around 1% from the first half of 2023.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-116
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• 2023

Improved fish post-harvest technologies (IFPT) have been promoted as more efficient methods of fish processing, preservation, and value addition than the traditional methods prevalent in developing countries. The adoption rates, however, do not appear to be convincing. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic and psychological factors that influence intention of Kenyan farmed fish traders to use IFPT. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was used to properly explain the impact of TAM constructs such as perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and attitude (ATT), as well as socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, education level and fish trading experience on traders' intention to use the technologies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire from 146 traders in Busia, Siaya and Kakamega counties. At a significance level of p = 0.05, a linear regression model was used to examine the socio-demographic and psychological determinants of the traders' behavioral intention to use the improved technologies. The regression analysis revealed that PU (β = 0.443; p = 0.000), PEOU (β = 0.364; p = 0.000) and ATT (β = 0.615; p = 0.000) influence traders' intention to use IFPT, with ATT having the highest influence on intention. However, the traders' socio-demographic characteristics have no effect on their intention to use the technologies, as the coefficients for gender (β = 0.148; p = 0.096), age (β = 0.016; p = 0.882), level of education (β = -0.135; p = 0.141) and fish trading experience (β = 0.017; p = 0.869) are all insignificant. These findings show that the traders intend to use IFPT and will use them when it is in their best economic interests.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2016

This study reviews international discussions about the trade-labor linkage and examines the labor chapters of FTAs enforced by the US and the EU from a comparative perspective. Since early 1990s, starting from the NAFTA, the US has included forceable labor provisions in its FTAs and this trend continues to the TPP which was concluded in October 2015. On the other hand, the EU's labor provisions in its FTAs have been composed of promotional elements on labor rights based on cooperations and dialogues. These different features of labor provisions in the US and European FTAs are mainly due to the motives of the FTAs of the US and the EU respectively as well as their domestic situations with regards to domestic law and institutional set-ups. The coordination of labor provisions involves a long-term institutional as well as regulatory convergence which triggers not only economic but also social changes, compared to a relatively short-term effect of tariff elimination. For Korea which has been a FTA partner country both with the US and the EU, it is significant to keep the different characteristics in the labor provisions in mind, particularly in the process of its implementation. Concerning the implementation of Korea-US FTA, it might be problematic if Korean law and its regulatory practice on labor-management relations do not comply with that of the US. The Korea-EU FTA case can also have an indirect impact on Korea's labor laws since it stipulates in its provisions that both parties should have discussions not only within each government but also with the civil communities including NGOs. Thus, Korea should pay more attention to the true meaning in labor provisions of both FTAs in order to promote its firms to be equipped with the right labor-management system in their operations abroad.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.189-217
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• 2023

The metaverse is a virtual world where individuals engage in social, economic, and cultural activities using avatars, which represent an alternate version of oneself within the virtual realm. While the metaverse has garnered global attention recently, research exploring the identity manifested through avatars within the metaverse remains limited. This study investigates the influence of four IT artifact characteristics related to avatar usage in the metaverse-avatar representation, avatar copresence, avatar profiling, and avatar-space interaction-on perceived avatar identity verification. A survey was conducted with 196 experienced users of the Zepeto platform, and hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The analysis results indicate that the use of IT artifacts enabling avatar representation, avatar copresence, and avatar-space interaction has a positive impact on perceived avatar identity verification. This achieved self-verification indirectly influences the satisfaction and subsequent intention to continue using the metaverse. This study contributes to the academic field by empirically verifying the metaverse technological factors that influence the projected identity onto avatars within the metaverse. Furthermore, it is expected to provide effective guidelines for metaverse platform companies in designing and implementing the metaverse.