• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.179-206
• /
• 2005

The development of information & telecommunication technology and internet-based electronic commerce helps to create a new economic environment. Such an economic environment requires the companies to change themselves, while providing unlimited potential and opportunities to them. Thus, in order to help the companies engaged in a fair and free competition in the electronic market, a fair competition policy needs to be designed and operated. The electronic commerce has not only promote the competition but also impede it. The electronic commerces tend to violate the fair trade than the conventional commerces in terms of differentiation, monopoly, conference, limited competition and intellectual property rights, schumpeterian competition, Alliance competition. With such basic concepts in mind, this study was aimed at reviewing the economic effects of the electronic commerce in the market and addressing the problems involving the application of the fair trade code to the electronic commerce, and thereby, suggesting the insights into our fair competition policy and reform measures.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2022

The article examines the problems of ensuring the effectiveness of the economic security system in the face of increasing competition. The relevance of the study is determined by the intensification of competition between enterprises and the threats arising from this phenomenon. The methodological basis is the methods used: analysis and synthesis - to identify the main trends in the development of tools for economic security of the enterprise; systematization - to highlight the main characteristics of the economic security of the enterprise in the intensification of competition; generalization - to form the general conclusions of the study. The purpose of scientific research is to substantiate the feasibility of using the tools of the economic security system to increase its efficiency in the face of intensifying competition. The main components of the economic security system of the enterprise, which have the greatest impact on the formation of an effective level of economic security. The defining characteristics of the system of economic security of the enterprise are investigated. Special characteristics of the economic security system of the enterprise are considered. The offered directions of tools of maintenance of system of economic safety of the enterprise in competitive conditions: objective, subjective external, subjective internal. For each area, specific tools for ensuring the system of economic security, which affect its efficiency, have been identified.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.123-146
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we did on the new theory, policy, institution and legal research on the international competition order and justice society for 21st century. At first, we introduced the basic of competition law for fairness of trade in the new international market order under WTO. Secondly, we are researched on the economic approach of the competition law, market competition order and justice society in the new globalism. Third, we studied the international circumstance through the analysis of the patterns of the anti-competition practices and the regulation systems for competition order. We also reviewed the execution criteria and precedents of the fairness theory and competition laws in the USA, EU, Japan, and Korea, briefly. Finally, we presented to the alternative policies that based on our study about the new theory, policy, institution, competition law in opinion from reach the international market competition, fairness society and economic justice for 21st century under WTO.

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
• /
• no.118
• /
• pp.18-31
• /
• 2005

The debate between per se rules and the rule of reason turns, $\cdot$$\cdot$$\cdot$, on important questions of political as well as economic philosophy.-F.M Scherer and David Ross, Industrial Market Structure and Economic

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.29-59
• /
• 2001

This paper aims to describe port competition in East Asia and the Korean government's port strategy. In doing so, the paper provides an overview of global changes in international trade, the shipping industry and the port business. It also delineates the status of port competition in the region. Particular examples are taken from the competition among the ports of Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malaysia, as well as those of Pusan and Kwangyang, Kaohsiung, Kobe, and Shanghai and Yantian. The port competition in East Asia is reviewed and classified in two groups: north-tier competition among traditional major players, such as Kobe and Pusan, and dark horses such as Shanghai, Kwangyang and perhaps Yokohama; and south-tier competition among the three traditionally big players Kaohsiung, Hong Kong and Singapore, and the relative newcomers of Yantian in China, and Tanjung Pelepas In Malaysia. Due to the enlarging of ships and expansion of port activities, the boundary between the two tier frontiers breakdown, or they may even merge, into one grand frontier, in the foreseeable future. Although it appears that Asian ports are not being very aggressive in preparing for the future of mega-carrier in their plans, it is true that China, Korea and Taiwan are moving full steam ahead in comprehensively developing their container ports on a large scale. It therefore seems to be the perfect time for rival ports to explore a port alliance strategy to fight against the trend toward alliances between of many shipping lines.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.2 no.1 s.3
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 1993

I focused my attentation on two points in this paper. Firstly, I explore the relationships between the competition system and the philosophical bases in economic and social doctrines which encouraged, the architectural profession which it supported. Secondly, I intend to describe the development of the modern competition system. The economic theories were applied to architecture; these were natural laws and laissez-faire. The principles of competition and progress were never doubted. Two developments aided architects in attaining both a sense of professional identity and a way of regulating the comprtition system; these were the founding of professional societies and the emergence of a professional architectural press. The first organized effort to control the competition system was made in 1839 by the Competition Committee of the Institute of British Architects, but the problems had remained virtually unchanged by the 1880s. A code of regulations was drawn up by the RIBA in 1872, but this were much like earlier codes and recommendations. From the 1890s, the RIBA established a permanent committee to review the conditions of all competitions and authorize members to participate; the measure was paralleled in various other countries, notably in the 1911 international regulations of the CIAM.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.61-71
• /
• 2012

Other-regarding preferences (such as trust, reciprocity and altruism) between companies, between consumers and retailers, and between employers and employees are integral elements in determining economic performance. Social trust which is a core element of social capital, especially, is known to reduce transaction costs, help solve collective action problems, and contribute to economic, social, and political development. Therefore, social trust has been given a great deal of attention across an array of academic disciplines for its role in promoting cooperation among individuals and groups, and for its positive influence on economic performance. Most studies describe Korea as a low-trust society than Japan or China. To identify the causes of social trust, this paper focuses on differences of social values (perception on competition and wealth accumulation) in 4 countries (Japan, China, Korea, and United States). Based on World Values Survey data, this paper analyzes effects of the social values on social trust. Social trust was measured by degree to which a respondent thinks that most people can be trusted. Perception on competition was measured by the degree to which a respondent thinks that competition is harmful, and perception on wealth accumulation was done by the degree to which a respondent thinks that wealth can grow so there is enough for everyone. The results showed that social trust was affected by perception on competition and wealth accumulation. A respondent showed higher level of social trust when he (or she) perceived positively competition and wealth accumulation. For enhancing social trust in a country, it is not easy to reduce income inequality and corruption which were reported as causes of social trust by previous studies. Compared to them, social values can be changed more easily by various concrete measures like education and mass-media. Differently from previous studies this paper stresses the concrete measures to enhance social trust in a country.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2009

In this paper I examined economies and implications of "Net Neutrality" and Internet Freedom. It is argued that mandating Net Neutrality would be likely to reduce economic welfare. Instead, the government should focus on creating competition in the broadband market by liberalizing more spectrum and reducing entry barriers created by certain local regulations. In cases where a broadband provider can exercise market power the government should use its antitrust enforcement authority to police anti-competition behavior. To assure Net Neutrality, it is needed to make sure of fair competition and to facilitate flexible prices. Especially it is needed to invest consistently to the sector of Network.

• Proceedings of the Korea Port Economic Association Conference
• /
• 2007.07a
• /
• pp.343-369
• /
• 2007

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.459-472
• /
• 2006

This paper examines the implication of competition and collaboration in the innovation process for regional economic development in an increasingly knowledge-based economy. While competition is an important force in securing the competitive advantage of firms, collaboration between firms and organizations should be necessary for promoting the innovative capacity of a region. This study shows that collaboration relations based on trust and stability is important for the long-term development of learning and innovation in competitive environment, and the way how spatial proximity plays an important role in interactive learning processes. It also discusses the reason why the innovative networks facilitating the exchange of tacit knowledge should be embedded in region. Finally, the paper examines the possibility of the networks based on collaboration relationship in less-favored regions such as Chonbuk, and suggests the policy implication of the result for achieving regional innovation systems in the region successfully.