• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2020

This study assessed the reliability of the agricultural water supply based on future climate change scenarios, and suggested plans to improve the reliability in order to promote the adaptability of irrigation water in agricultural reservoirs to climate change. The assessment of agricultural water supply reliability was performed on reservoirs which had a lower water quantity than their design basis and which had recently been subject to drought. In other words, from the irrigation districts of main intake works among the reservoirs managed by the Korea Rural Community Corporation, 1~2 districts in each province-that is, a total of 13 districts -that were recently designated as a district for securing agricultural water (drought prevention district) were selected. Climate change scenarios were applied to the selected districts to analyze their future water supply reliability compared to the current level. All districts selected showed a drought frequency of 4 years or shorter, which demonstrated the need to establish climate change response plans. As plans for responding to climate change, a plan that utilizes supplemental intake works to reduce the area of the irrigation districts of main intake works, and another one that increases the capacity of main intake works were adopted to reanalyze their water supply reliability. When the area of the irrigation districts of main intake works was reduced by about 30~40%, the drought frequency dropped to more than 10 years, securing the reliability of water supply. To secure the reliability by increasing the capacity of main intake works, it was calculated that about 19,000~2,400,000 tons need to be added to each reservoir. In addition, climate change response plans were suggested to improve the reliability of the water supply in each district based on the results of economic analysis.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2000

The region of Southeast Asia had already experienced rapid urbanization and cultural change before the East Asia region did. None the less, nowadays shophouses and rowhouses still form the major portion of streets in Chinese town in Southeast Asia countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the adaptation process of shophouse and rowhouse in the Southeast Asia region and the architectural characteristics between the middle of 18th and the early of 20th, which Chinese people of the region inherit and develop, for more thorough understanding of cultural adaptability and regionalism of Chinese architecture in Southeast Asia. The common fact found in the Southeast Asia region is that Chinese people in countries of this region gradually started to live densely as a group in a certain zone in city area since they got to play important roles in commerce, trade and service works related with cities, due to European countries' advance into Southeast Asia and their construction of colonial cities in the region. Chinese people in the region utilized residential rowhouse and special shophouse, which is a kind of shop adapted from rowhouses' sitting room or storage, for their commercial and industrial activities in urban areas, which had problems of limited space. They also realized high densities through vertical expansion of space in order to adjust to changing urban structure under execution of urban planning in cities of colonial area and rapid urbanization. Even though residence of Chinese in Southeast Asia was influenced by new political, social, economic and cultural rules of European colonies in Southeast Asia, it has continuously succeeded to the cultural tradition of China, their home country, in terms of planning principle which puts air well in the middle and hierarchial spacial construction method. Appearance of the open connected verandah, designed by Stamford Raffles, the founder of Singapore, can be regarded as one of the architectural characters. Hence, Chinese residence in cities of Southeast Asia can be understood as a new regional architectural culture in the context of European countries' urban planning and urbanization of colonial areas, Immigrants from southern China and their role, their adjustment to urban areas by utilizing mixed type houses of residence and business, cultural tradition of Chinese home country.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between internet addiction, smartphone addiction, and psychosocial factors. This study was designed to examine the vulnerability factors for internet and smartphone addiction. Methods: The participants were 1041 children and adolescents in a small and medium-sized cities. All of the participants were evaluated in terms of their demographic characteristics and present use of the internet and smartphone, as well as using internet and smartphone addiction and other psychological scales. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the psychosocial factors between the high risk, potential risk, and general user groups of internet and smartphone addiction. Results: The participants were classified into three groups, the high risk (N=33), potential risk (N=203), and general user (N=805) groups with regard to their internet and smartphone addiction level. There were statistical significantly differences between the groups in terms of the economic status of the family, academic performance, parents, use of internet and smartphone, loneliness, family cohesion, family adaptability, perceived social support, and peer relationship. Conclusion: These results suggest that the internet and smartphone addiction of children and adolescents is related to various psychosocial vulnerability factors.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2013

Microalgae are receiving an increasing attention because of their potential use as $CO_2$ capture method and/or as feedstock for biofuels production. On the other hand the current microalgae-based technology is still not widespread since it is characterized by technical and economic constraints that hinder its full scale-up. In such contest the growth kinetics of Nannochloris eucaryotum (a relatively unknown marine strain) in batch and semi-batch photobioreactors is quantitatively investigated with the aim of obtaining the corresponding kinetic parameters suitable for process engineering and its optimization. In particular the maximum growth rate was evaluated to be 1.99 $10^{-3}\;h^{-1}$. Half saturation concentrations for nitrates ($K_N$) and phosphates uptake ($K_P$) were evaluated as 5.4 $10^{-4}\;g_N\;L^{-1}$ and 2.5 $10^{-5}\;g_P\;L^{-1}$, respectively. Yield factors for nitrogen ($Y_N$) and phosphorus ($Y_P$) resulted to be 5.9 $10^{-2}\;g_N\;g^{-1}$ biomass and 6.0 $10^{-3}\;g_P\;g^{-1}{_{biomass}}$, respectively. The possibility of using 100% (v/v) $CO_2$ gas as carbon source is also evaluated for the first time in the literature as far as N. eucaryotum is concerned. The strain showed a good adaptability to high concentrations of dissolved $CO_2$ as well as to low pH. The lipid content under 100% $CO_2$ is about 16.16 %wt $wt^{-1}$ and the fatty acid methyl esters composition of the extracted oil is in compliance with the European regulation for quality biodiesel.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 1973

I. Objectives of the study This study attempted In examine, from a pedagogical point of view, how socially-handicapped children differ from normal ones in their family backgrounds, personality-traits. adaptability to school life, and their peer relationship. This study was made under the following hypothesis; 1. The family background of socially-handicapped children is less desirable than that of normal ones. 2. Personality traits of socially-handicapped children are less desirable than those of normal ones. 3. Socially handicapped children tend to be less adaptable to school life than normal ones. 4. Peer-relationship of socially-handicapped children is less desirable than of normal ones . II. Contents of study The thesis consists of the following five main parts; 1. Introduction 2. Related Studies 3. Procedure 4. Results 5. Summary and Conclusions III. Instruments The following instruments were used for this study; 1. Family background record prepared by the school. 2. Questionnaire prepared by the writer. 3. General personality test (written by Kim Ki-Suk and published by Korean Testing Center). 4. School activity record. 5. Sociocratic test. IV. The following conclusions were derived from the study 1, As compared with normal children, socially-handicapped ones have, in many cases, larger number of siblings, their families belong to lower economic bracket: their parents were indifferent to their children, and their mothers were less educated. 2. As compared with normal children, socially-handicapped ones are emotionally unstable, although they are the same as normal children in their sense of dominancy, responsibility, sociality, and confidence. 3. As compared with normal children, socially-handicapped ones are tardy in their learning, although they are almost the same as normal ones in their intelligence development. 4. As compared with normal children, socially-handicapped ones make friends more easily with pupils of other classes and schools rather than those of their own class or school.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 기존 도로교의 합리적이고 일관적인 내진성능향상 방법 선정을 위한 가중치 평가기법을 제안하였다. 한반도의 증가하는 지진위험도를 반영하여, 현재 기존교량의 내진성능향상 작업이 다양한 공법을 이용하여 진행 중이나 최적의 공법을 선정하기 위한 적절한 판단기준이 부재한 형편이다. 이에 제안한 기존가중치 평가기법은 구조적 적합성, 경제성, 환경적 영향, 시공성, 유지관리 측면의 다섯 가지 영향인자의 가중치를 부여하여 최적의 내진 보강방안을 선정하는 방법이다. 제안된 가중치 평가기법을 공용중인 도로교 160개교에 적용한 결과 최고점수는 실제 최종 보강방안과 대부분 일치하여 적절한 가중치로 설정되었다고 판단된다. 제안하는 방법을 기존교량의 내진 보강방안 선정 시에 활용한다면, 사회적 비용을 최소화하는 보다 합리적이고 일관적인 보강이 가능할 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.785-794
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was to find out the correlations amongst family function. social support. and the perceived mother's love in the adolescents. Method: The study subjects were 171 adolescents of whom 43 were middle school students and 128 were high school students. The data consisted of general characteristics. family function. social support and perceived mother's love. The data were analyzed by frequency. mean. percentage. t-test. ANOVA and the Pearson's correlation using the SPSS statistical program. Result: 1. The mean score of the family function in the adolescents was 3.09 (maximum score: 5) and the mean score of cohesion was 3.23 and the mean score of adaptability was 2.94. There were significant differences in the family function according to grade and family type. 2. The mean score of the social support in the adolescents was 2.86 (maximum score: 5) and there was significant difference in the social support according to the fathers occupation. 3. The mean score of the perceived mother's love in the adolescents was 3.57 (maximum score: 5) and there were significant differences in the perceived mother's love according to grade. existence of the mother, the mother's occupation and adolescent's health state. 4. There were positive correlations between the family function, social support and the perceived mother's love. Conclusion: The above results suggest that there is a need to develop social support program for the adolescents in the low economic status. Further, a comprehensive program should be developed to relieve the problems of the adolescents considering the family function. social support and perceived mother's love.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2015

전력계통이 연계되지 않는 국내 유인도서의 대부분의 전력은 디젤발전기를 통해 공급하고 있으나 도서지역의 경우 유류비가 내륙지역에 비해 비싸고 이를 운송하는 것이 어렵다. 이러한 이유로 최근 자연자원을 활용하여 신재생에너지원을 도입을 하고 있지만 자연환경에 의존하는 신재생에너지원은 안정적인 전력공급이 어렵기 때문에 기존 디젤발전과 신재생에너지가 포함된 하이브리드시스템을 통해 전력을 공급하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문은 풍력, 태양광, 배터리 및 디젤엔진 등 에너지저장장치를 포함한 하이브리드시스템의 타당성 연구결과를 설명한다. 이 연구 대상은 전력계통에 연계되지 않은 전라남도 서거차도이며, 최소비용을 투자하여 탄소배출을 최소화하는 최적 용량의 하이브리드시스템 구성을 제안한다. 이 시스템에 대한 경제정인 적합성은 HOMER 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2020

본 연구는 벵갈만 지역의 주요 컨테이너 항만들의 기술적 효율성을 조사하고 특정 요소가 컨테이너 항만 및 터미널의 효율성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 주요 분석 대상은 스리랑카의 콜롬보항만, 인도의 첸나이항만, 방글라데시의 치타공항만 그리고 미얀마의 양곤 항만 등이다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위한 투입 변수로는 선석 길이, 보관 장소 및 크레인 수를 사용하였으며 산출 변수로는 컨테이너 물동량과 기항수가 분석에 사용되었다. 연구 결과에 의하면 동아시아와 유럽, 중동 그리고 아프리카를 연결하는 전략적 위치에 있는 콜롬보항만이 기술 규모면에서 가장 효율적인 항만으로 분석되었으며 그 다음으로는 첸나이항만, 양곤항만 그리고 치타공항만 순으로 나타났다. 제시된 연구 결과는 벵갈만에 위치한 항만들의 효율성을 제고하기 위해서 어떤 변수에 주안점을 두어야 할지에 대한 기초 자료로서 의미가 있으며 주요 항만 정책 입안자 또는 터미널 운영업자 등의 의사결정에 유의미한 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 이산화탄소 지중저장 부지관리를 위한 가상물리시스템(Cyber Physical System, CPS)의 적용성을 검토하였다. 특히, 이산화탄소 누출 예측을 위한 가상트윈으로써 서배깅 회귀분석 기법을 활용하였고, 실제 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 해당기법의 성능을 검증하였다. 검증 결과, 서배깅 회귀분석 기법이 자료 내 이상치에 대하여 견고한 추세 예측성능을 보여주었으며 장기 농도변화 예측성능 또한 우수함을 확인하였다. 또한 적은 연산자원을 활용하여 즉시적인 예측결과를 도출함에 따라 이산화탄소 누출 실시간 예측 및 위험 경보에도 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 서배깅 회귀분석 기법을 가상트윈으로 활용하는 CPS가 이산화탄소 누출 위험을 효율적으로 관리하는데 활용 될 수 있음을 보여준다.