• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.315-331
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• 2012

Previous studies of location choice have focused on country-level data more than firm-level data and been more concerned with host countries' distinctive features than with firm heterogeneity. Therefore, they do not answer the question of who will go where in terms of location choice. To analyze the role of firm heterogeneity in determining location choice, we develop a theoretical model and analyze data on 3,644 Korean manufacturing multinationals operating in 87 countries between 1982 and 2006. The results of our conditional logit analysis indicate that not only host country characteristics but also firm heterogeneous factors such as productivity, labor intensity, and size have considerable influence on the decision of where to locate FDI.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.261-279
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• 2013

Using firm-level panel data for Korean multinational enterprises (MNEs), we make a distinction between being the only affiliate of a parent firm and being one of the multiple affiliates of a parent firm. In particular, we attempt to find a correlation between the sales of foreign affiliates and the productivity of multinational firms. Our main empirical results in this paper suggest that productive Korean MNEs would enlarge the number of affiliates in the host country.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 1998

The quality control literature contains a substantial number of articles concerned with how to optimally choose control limits in order to minimize production cost. The purpose of the this study is to determine the economic setting for the process mean of an industrial process. In this study it is assumed that the lower control limit is set by government regulations and the u, pp.r limit and process mean are chosen based on economic considerations. Much research has been conducted on this problem under the condition of the fixed rpm(rate per minute). However a variance can be increased in proportion to the level of rpm and the increase of the variance can change the optimal process mean. Therefore, it is desirable to determine both the process mean and the level of rpm simultaneously. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented which considers the u, pp.r limit and the rpm as variables.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-107
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• 2019

This paper ranks higher education in Korea based upon research productivity in business and economics disciplines. The number of SCI-level journal articles are tabulated using the Web of Science search engine, over the sample period from 1990 to 2016. The league table shows that many private universities dominate top-tier ranks, which is consistent with the school reputations most commonly cited by the general public in Korea. In contrast, many national universities appear in the second-tier, and their scanty performance in business and economics is in sharp contrast with our earlier findings in which national universities performed well in science and engineering fields (Jin and Kim, 2018). In addition, the ranking order in lower-ranked schools is found to be sensitive to a small change in publications, whereas the publication gap among top-tier schools is relatively large. Finally, unlike our general perception, the size of school does not matter for collaborative research. Some policy implications are discussed as a conclusion.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.497-506
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• 2019

Forecasting the U.S. employment level is made using machine learning methods of the artificial neural network: deep neural network, long short term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU). We consider the big data of the federal reserve economic data among which 105 important macroeconomic variables chosen by McCracken and Ng (Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 34, 574-589, 2016) are considered as predictors. We investigate the influence of the two statistical issues of the dimension reduction and time series differencing on the machine learning forecast. An out-of-sample forecast comparison shows that (LSTM, GRU) with differencing performs better than the autoregressive model and the dimension reduction improves long-term forecasts and some short-term forecasts.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.135-147
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was to investigate the effect of socioeconomic factors of smokers on their smoking cessation plans, using Korean Welfare Panel data. Methods : Of the 16,664 subjects who responded to the 10th Korean Welfare Panel Survey, 2,246 respondents who answered that they were currently smoking were included in this study. Results : The variables that affected smoking cessation plans were female, low education level, low level of smoking per day, and more than 24 hours of smoking cessation experience. Conclusions : Expanding the smoking cessation program for women, preventing smoking in schools and providing smoking cessation education will likely have a positive effect on smoking cessation plans. In addition, it would be helpful to increase the amount of smoking cessation support aimed at reducing the amount of cigarettes smoked per day and continuing smoking cessation for more than 24 hours.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

The international community's sanctions against North Korea, triggered by North Korea's nuclear tests and by missile development in the country, are considered the strongest sanctions in history, banning exports of North Korea's major items and limiting imports of machinery and oil products. Accordingly, North Korea's trade volume decreased to the level of collapse after the sanctions, meaning that the sanctions against North Korea were considered to be effective. However, according to this paper, which analyzed the price fluctuations of refined petroleum products in North Korea through the methodology of an event study, the market prices of oil products were only temporarily affected by the sanctions and remained stable over the long run despite the restrictions on the volumes of refined petroleum products introduced. This can be explained by evidence that North Korea has introduced refined oil supplies that are not much different from those before the sanctions through its use of illegal transshipments even after the sanctions. With regard to strategic materials such as refined oil, the North Korean authorities are believed to be desperately avoiding sanctions by, for instance, finding loopholes in the sanctions to meet the minimum level of demand.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.339-360
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• 2021

More donors are formally assessing their multilateral aid disbursement policies as well as the multilateral institutions that they contribute to. Analyzing OECD Creditor Reporting System data from 2011 to 2019 of 23 donors and 34 multilateral organizations, we find evidence of institutional portfolio building of donors to align multilateral and bilateral aid channels. Such tendency is more pronounced for core-funding than multi-bi funding and much stronger at the recipient country level than at the sectoral level. Smaller donors that operate from a limited multilateral budget show greater preferences for geographical similarity. When donors give to institutions with sectoral specialization, they seek sectoral similarity with their bilateral aid.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-47
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• 2022

This paper introduces a politico-economic model with a welfare state and immigration. In this model, policies on taxes and immigration are determined through a plurality voting system. While many studies of fiscal implications of immigration argue that relaxing immigration policies can substitute for tax reforms in an aging economy, I show that the democratic voting procedure can dampen the effect of relaxing immigration policies as desired policy reforms are not always implemented by the winner of an election. This political economy results in three types of social welfare losses. First, the skill composition is not balanced at a socially efficient level because workers are motivated to maximize their wages. Second, older retirees implement excessive taxes to maximize the size of the welfare state. Third, the volume of immigration is lower than the optimal level given the incentive by young workers to regain political power in the future.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.493-502
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• 2020

Traditionally, road projects are initiated based on an assessment of their economic benefit, after which the environmental, social and governance effects are addressed discretely for the project according to a set of predetermined alternatives. Sustainable road infrastructure planning is vital as issues like diminishing access to road construction supplies, water scarcity, Greenhouse Gas emissions, road-related fatalities and congestion pricing etc., have imposed severe economic, social, and environmental damages to the society. In the process of addressing these sustainability factors in the operational phase of the project, the dynamics of these factors are generally ignored. This paper argues that effective delivery of sustainable roads should consider such dynamics and highlights how different aspects of sustainability have the potential to affect project sustainability. The paper initially presents the different sustainability-assessment tools that have been developed to determine the sustainability performance of road projects and discuss the inability of these tools to model the interrelationships among sustainability-related factors. The paper then argues the need for a new assessment framework that facilitates modelling these dynamics at the macro-level (system level) and helping policymakers for sustainable infrastructure planning through evaluating regulatory policies.