• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1048-1061
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• 2010

The purpose of the study was to compare the culture and the clothing value between Korean and American college students, especially men. Also, this study was to analyze the culture effect on the clothing value. The survey was performed and 200 questionnaires were utilized for this study. The SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze the technical statistics like average, frequency, t-test, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis. The result showed, first, there were some 2 major cultural differences such as power distance and long-term orientation between Korean and American college men. Comparatively, Korean college men showed higher masculinity and lower power distance and long-term orientation. Second, there were differences in the clothing value aspect. Both of them considered the economic clothing value to be most important. Third, there were some differences in the clothing value because of the cultural differences. For Korean college men, there were masculinity and long term orientation that had an effect on the social and religious clothing values, however, for American college men, power distance, masculinity and long term orientation that had an effect on the social, religious, theoretical and economic values.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.506-513
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• 2004

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic performance of latent and sensible energy transportation systems. LCC (Life-Cycle Cost) analysis is a practical method and a guideline for evaluating the economic performance of considered systems during the Life-Cycle Period. By comparing the LCC of alternatives, The most ideal alternative is determined which has the lowest LCC. It is concluded that the cost of STA (Solution Transportation Absorption system) can be reduced by 67% to that of sensible energy transportation for study period with 10 km transportation distance.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 1983

This paper describes a procedure of generating economic cutter-location(CL) data for the machining of sculptured surfaces on a multi-axis NC milling machine. Measures of economy are the machining time (cutter move distance) and the length of NC tape (number of CL data points). The presented procedure minimizes both the number of CL data and the total distance of cutter moves, for a given cutter (spherical end-mill) size and parameteric cutting direction, while satisfying given tolerance requirements. The procedure has been implemented in FORTRAN for a smooth composite Bezier surface. The maximum allowable cutter size is calculated by the program so that a user can choose a cutter size. CL data can be generated in both parametric directions u and v. Experimental results show that there are significant differences between the parametric directions, and that cutter size should be as large as possible in order to minimize the cutting time and NC tape length.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.29-58
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• 2017

The third pillar of the Basel II highlights the role of market discipline in easing the existing pressure on traditional monitoring measures like capital requirement and government supervision. This study test the effectiveness of market discipline in inducing prudential risk management practices among the East Asian banks over the 1995 to 2005 period. Market discipline is measured using information disclosure and interbank deposit holdings. We find that only the latter is an effective market discipline tool. However, the former becomes effective when market concentration is higher. We find that government owned, foreign owned and recapilatised banks are subject to market disciplining when disclosure in taken account but the opposite is true when interbank deposits is taken into account. Finally, we find that banks that disclose more risk related information hold more capital against their non-performing loan. The implications of the findings are discussed.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.31.1-31.7
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• 2018

Three economic marine algae that have been used as food and carrageenan sources were collected from Korea during a survey of marine algal flora. They share the generic features of Hypnea, and three major clades supported by the sectional features were confirmed in a phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequences. The first species, which belongs to a species group corresponding to the sect. Spinuligerae, nests in the same clade with Hypnea yamadae in a genetic distance of 0%. It is morphologically characterized by an entangled base, subcompressed or subterete to terete axes, somewhat percurrent main axis, irregularly alternately branching with wide angle, and rarely hooked spinous branchlets. The second one is also referred to the sect. Spinuligerae and formed the same clade as Hypnea cenomyce. The genetic distance between both sequences was calculated as 0.0-0.1%, which is considered to be intraspecific. This species is distinct by somewhat entangled thallus at the basal part, percurrent axis, short spine-like branchlets densely covering the axis, and medullary lenticular thickenings. The third alga, which forms a species group corresponding to the sect. Pulvinatae, nests in the same clade as Hypnea nidulans (no intraspecific divergence). It shows occasionally epiphytic habitat rather than epilithic habitat of low mat-forming growth and percurrent erect main axes with dense lateral branchlets. Based on these morphological and molecular data, the three Korean species are identified as H. yamadae, H. cenomyce, and H. nidulans. This is the first record of the Hypnea species in Korea.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the quality and characteristics of foreign tourists to Indonesia. Research design, data and methodology: The indicator used to see the quality of foreign tourists is their expenditure while in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data and the statistical analysis used is panel data regression to see the effect of Economic Distance, GDP per capita, Average Length of Stay and Exchange Rate on the quality of Foreign Tourists from 2010 to 2019. Results: Foreign tourists to Indonesia are dominated by young tourists, male and stay about 8.87 days. Their expenditure is relatively low, mostly spent on accommodation, food and beverage. The variables of average length of stay, exchange rate, economic distance, and GDP per capita have a significant and positive effect on the quality of foreign tourists to Indonesia. Conclusions: The number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia in 2010-2019 tends to increase where the majority of tourists come from countries that are geographically close to Indonesia, young tourists, and male. The quality of tourists in terms of spending is still relatively low. The characteristics of foreign tourists and economic indicators used in the study have a positive effect on improving the quality of tourists.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.77-95
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• 2023

Purpose - This study aims to identify the importance of subsidiary entrepreneurship as a key factor when MNE attempts to invest in challenging overseas markets. Through the simultaneous consideration of institutional theory and entrepreneurship theory, this study would like to examine how Korean subsidiaries in the Middle East improve their performance locally. Design/methodology - To reflect the characteristics of emerging markets, this study conducted a survey of Korean subsidiaries in the Middle East in cooperation with KOTRA and analyzed the hypotheses using a structural equation model based on 249 valid responses. Findings - The findings of this study are as follows. First, we found that institutional and business distance would positively affect subsidiaries' entrepreneurship. The result that subsidiaries' entrepreneurship is positively affected by institutional and business distance implies that attempts to close the difference between heterogeneous markets would increase subsidiaries' innovative proactiveness, such as R&D and creative marketing strategies. Second, we confirmed that the institutional and business distance positively mediate the subsidiaries' entrepreneurship growth, leading to high performance. Therefore, Korean subsidiaries are required and prepared to establish strategies to better understand institutional and business distances in advance and reduce the liability of foreignness by conducting customized research and training programs before sending Korean expatriates to local subsidiaries in the Middle East. Originality/value - This study contributed to institutional and entrepreneurship theory by proving the traditional relationship between institutional and business distance to subsidiaries' performance and the mediation of subsidiary entrepreneurship.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.241-245
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• 2003

This paper introduces a method that can derive information about the movement of a spreader and skew in order to drive ALS(Automatic Landing System) in the crane used at a harbor. Some methods that use LDL Corner detectors a kind of 2D Laser scanner sensor or Laser distance measuring units to obtain the information in ALS are used presently. But these have some defects in economic efficiency and performance. Therefore, to correct these defects, we propose a method to acquire the information for the movement of a spreader, skew and sway angle using CCD camera image data and Laser distance measuring unit data.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 1996

Common belief in border regions holds that Mexican cross-border shoppers play a larger role in the regional economic base than they do and that NAFTA will provide a bigger stimulus to the regional economy than it is likely. In the regional economy than it is likely. In the first case, price elasticities are implicitly underestimated as highly inelastic and in the latter case, overestimated as highly elastic. This paper provides empirical evidence on the effects of distance and real exchange rates as price proxies on both field survey and population-imputed estimates of cross-border shopping. After estimating both distance-based and real exchange rate-based estimates of price elasticities of Mexican shopper demand for U.S. border-region goods, implications are obtained concerning the relative importance for U.S. border-regon economies of more distant Mexican markets, and the likely impacts of NAFTA.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.33-38
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• 2016

Purpose - This study purposes to analyze the impact of regional economic integration and macroeconomic on Indonesian FDI inflows. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from bilateral relation between Indonesia and 21 home countries whose dominant share FDI to Indonesia from 2005 to 2013. Analysis method was conducted by panel gravity modeI to find the impact of regional economic integration and macroeconomic on Indonesian FDI inflows. Results - The empirical results show that GDP of the home country and Indonesia have a positive impact on Indonesia FDI. Distance and home country real interest rate have a negative impact on Indonesia FDI. Economic integration of European Union (EU) and Indonesia's cooperation with Japan in ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (AJCEP) have created impact of investment creation on Indonesia FDI, unfortunately, economic integration of ASEAN has created impact of investment diversion on Indonesian FDI. Conclusions - In order to increase FDI inflow to Indonesia, Indonesia government should improve the physical and social infrastructures to drive the productivity and economic efficiency. It will increase the GDP and also attract more investors. Low interest rate policy should be considered.