• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.280-290
• /
• 2003

The incorporation of RAPD markers into the previous classical and RFLP genetic linkage maps will facilitate the generation of a detailed genetic map by compensating for the lack of one type of marker in the region of interest. The objective of this paper was to present features we observed when we associated RAPD map from an intraspecific cross of a Glycine max$\times$G. max, 'Essex'$\times$PI 437654 with the public RFLP map developed from an interspecific cross of G. max$\times$G. soja. Among 27 linkage groups of RAPD map, eight linkage groups contained probe/enzyme combination RFLP markers, which allowed us the incorporation of RAPD markers into the public RFLP map. Map position rearrangement was observed. In incorporating L.G.C-3 into the public RFLP linkage group a1 and a2, both pSAC3 and pA136 region, and pA170/EcoRV and pB170/HindIII region were in opposite order, respectively. And, pk400 was localized 1.8 cM from pA96-1 and 8.4 cM from pB172 in the public RFLP map, but was localized 9.9 cM from i locus and 18.9 cM from pA85 in our study. A noticeable expansion of the map distances in the intraspecific cross of Essex and PI 437654 was also observed. Map distance between probes pA890 and pK493 in L.G.C-1 was 48.6 cM, but it was only 13.3 cM in the public RFLP map. The distances from the probe pB32-2 to pA670 and from pA670 to pA668 in L.G. C-2 were 50.9 cM and 31.7 cM, but they were 35.9 cM and 13.5 cM in the public RFLP map. The detection of duplicate loci from the same probe that were mapped on the same or/and different linkage group was another feature we observed.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 2021

To respond to the threat of global warming, countries around the world are promoting the spread of renewable energy and reduction of carbon emissions. In accordance with the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal to combat climate change and its impacts, global automakers are pushing for a full transition to electric vehicles within the next 10 years. Electric vehicles can be a useful means for reducing carbon emissions, but in order to reduce carbon generated in the stage of producing electricity for charging, a power generation system using eco-friendly renewable energy is required. In this study, we propose a smart electric mobility operating system integrated with off-grid solar power plants established in Tanzania, Africa. By applying smart monitoring and communication functions based on Arduino-based computing devices, information such as remaining battery capacity, battery status, location, speed, altitude, and road conditions of an electric vehicle or electric motorcycle is monitored. In addition, we present a scenario that communicates with the surrounding independent solar power plant infrastructure to predict the drivable distance and optimize the charging schedule and route to the destination. The feasibility of the proposed system was verified through test runs of electric motorcycles. In considering local environmental characteristics in Tanzania for the operation of the electric mobility system, factors such as eco-friendliness, economic feasibility, ease of operation, and compatibility should be weighed. The smart electric mobility operating system proposed in this study can be an important basis for implementing the SDGs' climate change response.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2023

Recently, the international community, including the International Maritime Organization (IMO), has strengthened regulations on air pollution emissions of ships, and eco-friendly ships are actively being developed to reduce exhaust gas emissions. Among them, rotor sail (RS), a wind-assisted ship propulsion system, is attracting attention again. RS is a cylindrical device installed on the ship deck, that generates hydrodynamic lift using a magnus effect. This is a next generation eco-friendly auxiliary propulsion technology, and Enercon company, which developed RS-applied ships, announced that fuel savings of more than 30% are possible. In this study, optimal installation conditions such as RS spacing and arrangement type were selected when multiple RSs were installed on ships. AR=5.1, SR=1.0, and D_e/D was fixed at 2.0 according to the RS arrangement, and the wind direction was considered only for the unidirectional +y-axis. Regarding arrangement conditions, five conditions were set at 3D intervals in the +x-axis direction from 3D to 15D and five conditions in the +y-axis direction from 5D to 25D. C_L, C_D and aerodynamic efficiency (C_L/C_D) were compared according to the square(□) and diamond(◇) shape arrangements. Consequently, the effect of RS on the longitudinal distance was not significantly different. However, in the case of RS flow characteristics according to the transverse distance, the interaction effect of RS was the greatest when the two RSs almost matched the wind direction. In the case of the RS flow characteristics according to the arrangement, notably, when the wind blew in the forward (0°) direction, the diamond (◇) arrangement was least affected by the backward flow between RSs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted as the basic research for the replacement of Blast Furnace Slag, Red Mud, Silica Fume, etc., with cement as a solution to the problems arising from the global warming caused by the generation of $CO_2$, and conducted the experimental review to examine the feasibility of matrix having properties identical to those of cement by using the Blast Furnace slag, Red mud, Silica fume, and alkali-activator. For this, by using the the inorganic binder, such as Blast Furnace Slag, Red Mud, Silica Fume, etc., and NaOH, $Na_2SiO_3$ and others as the cement substitute material, the strength characteristic according to the mixture time variation was performed in the tentative experiment. Based on the preceding experiment, this study performed the experiment to analyze the strength properties of hardener through the curing by air-dry temperature, curing by temperature in water, coating curing, and Korean paper curing. For the water curing at $80^{\circ}C$, the compressive strength and flexural strength were found to be the most excellent at the age of the 28th day, and furthermore, it was found that the non-cement hardener could be made, which is considered to affect the production of eco-friendly concrete.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.45 no.10
• /
• pp.855-862
• /
• 2017

Due to the weight reduction and miniaturization of satellites, there is a growing interest in low-cost launch vehicles, which are cheaper to launch than larger launch vehicles. One of the most cost-effective ways to reduce the cost of launch vehicles is the reuse of vehicles. Most companies that are developing low cost launch vehicles are also adopting a vehicles reuse approach. Along with this reuse purpose, the demand for environmentally friendly space launch vehicles has increased, so the choice of fuel used for low cost launch vehicles has also become very important. Methane and hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG), which makes more energy-efficient by adding hydrogen to methane, are considered to be the most suitable when considering other factors such as energy density among the fuels that are eco-friendly and capable of reusing the launch vehicles. This study investigated the trends of low-cost launch vehicle and rocket fuel in the world as a reference for setting up domestic space development after the development of Korea Space Launch Vehicle-II.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.547-557
• /
• 2010

This paper presents a study on the development of next generation smart concrete in an eco-friendly manner using micro-biologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP) via microbial biomineralization. It seems that currently, the reformation and functional improvement of concrete using MICP can be achieved using Sporosarcina pasteurii, which is a representative microorganism that produces calcite precipitation. Based on previous studies on MICP the biochemical tests and crystallinity evaluation of cement using sporoasrcina pasteurii and four additional micro-organisms from the concrete structures as identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis were conducted. Also by applying the Sporosarcina pasteurii and separated four effective micro-organisms from the concrete structures to mortar, the compressive strength improvement by varying curing conditions, repair of crack were examined, and plans for future study were suggested. The effect of the application of effective micro-organisms can lead to the development of a new material that will contribute to resolution of environmental problems and facilitate repair work, and this can also serve as a new research theme in the future. In addition, the importance of this study is to use micro-organism, which is found common in concrete structures, this new microbial is not only environmentally safe but also persists in the natural environment for an extended period of time. Therefore, it seems to have a great potential to became a new environmentally low-burdened functional material.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.44 no.9
• /
• pp.753-763
• /
• 2011

Allocated water storage of dam at the planning and design stage does not seem to be maintained well at the operation stage because of unexpected critical reasons. A dam is likely to be subject to negative effects caused by changes of dam operation conditions and it is hardly avoidable. Therefore, it must be timely improved to recover its original functions and looked for better alternatives to keep its original roles. Specifically the improper management of river condition degrades flood control capability in a dam and river eco-system. The dam downstream river improvement work is needed for normalizing dam functions and its valuations. This study focuses on estimating water use benefits from recovering its own effective storage buffer restricted for flood control. As the results, the water supply and the hydropower benefits in Imha, Daechung and Youngdam Dam are recovered totally by 19.9 million $m^3$/year and 20.8 GWh/year respectively. Also those results are used for the basic information of the economic analysis in the dam downstream river improvement work.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2013

In order for efficient recycling and eco-friendly treatment of construction waste, there is a need to apply a building separation and dismantling technique early on in the stage of waste generation. This study was conducted to analyze the relevant domestic circumstances and propose the applicable range of buildings in order to introduce a building separation and dismantling system to Korea. For this purpose, related policies and systems implemented overseas and the current situation of buildings were examined, and the workability of separation and dismantling of buildings according to their uses was compared. Also, the economic impact of the separation and dismantling system was examined and a survey was conducted, seeking the opinions of the relevant companies regarding the need for the system and the selection criteria for eligible buildings. Based on the results, it was determined that it would be impossible to apply the separation and dismantling system to all buildings in Korea, considering the current technical power and economic situation, and that the system should be introduced in phases, according to the building classification determined based on floor area and use, as the cost may vary depending on a number of variables including the level of difficulty and field conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 2012

White LEDs (light-emitting diodes) are promising new-generation light sources which can replace conventional lamps due to their high reliability, low energy consumption and eco-friendly effects. This paper briefly reviews recent progress of oxy/nitride host phosphor and quantum dot materials with broad excitation band characteristics for phosphor-converted white LEDs. Among oxy/nitride host materials, $M_2Si_5N_8$ : $Eu^{2+}$, $MAlSiN_3$ : $Eu^{2+}$ M-SiON (M = Ca, Sr, Ba), ${\alpha}/{\beta}$-SiAlON : $Eu^{2+}$ are excellent phosphors for white LED using blue-emitting chip. They have very broad excitation bands in the range of 440~460 nm and exhibit emission from green to red. In this paper, In this review we focus on recent developments in the crystal structure, luminescence and applications of the oxy/nitride phosphors for white LEDs. In addition, the application prospects and current trends of research and development of quantum dot phosphors are also discussed.

• Membrane Journal
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.425-433
• /
• 2017

As the problems related to the environmental pollution such as carbon dioxide emission are emerging, the need for the renewable energy and environmentally friendly energy is getting intense. Fuel cells are eco-friendly energy generation devices that generate electrical energy and produce water as a sole by-product. Compared to the traditional proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), anion exchange membrane alkaline fuel cell (AEMAFC) has a main advantage of possibility to use low cost metal catalysts due to its faster kinetics. The AEM, which conducts $OH^-$ ions, should possess high ion conductivity as well as high chemical stability at high pH conditions. We hereby introduce a crosslinked poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) having a spacer-type conducting group as novel AEM, and report a high ion conductivity ($67.9mScm^{-1}$ at $80^{\circ}C$) and mechanical properties (Young's modulus : 0.53 GPa) as well as chemical stability (6.8% IEC loss at $80^{\circ}C$ for 1,000 h,) for the developed membrane.