• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2012

In order to resolve transportation system focused on vehicles which have led to all sorts of problems such as traffic congestion, air pollution and so on, Korea recently have tended to center around Transit Oriented Development(TOD) which is capable of initiating public traffic demands. It is imperative to develop objective evaluation method which is able to measure pedestrian environment and amenity in order to facilitate green transit. The purpose of this paper is to present evaluation indices and measurement framework of pedestrian environment by analyzing effect on TOD major planning factors such as diversity, density, design, and supply etc. For this, we applied evaluation index with regard to TOD planning factors, investigating connection to pedestrian and employed AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) so as to quantify the result of measurement in Jongro 3ga and Hangangjin station. As a result, we presented relationship between travel patterns of pedestrian and each TOD planning factor. More importantly, the proposed framework is expected to make the best of the visualization as well as evaluation method for the pedestrian accessibility, convenience of public transportation, and the mixed land-use patterns in subway area and transit center.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

GroE that is a heat shock protein composed of GroEL and GroES is known as an immunodominant target of both the humoral and cellular immune responses in bovine brucellosis. This study was carried out to characterize groE gene encoding heat shock proteins of B. abortus isolated in Korea and to evaluate the immunogenicity of the GroE protein expressed in E. coli system. In PCR the specific signals with the size of 2,077 bp were detected in five strains isolated from the mammary lymphnodes of the dairy cattle that were serologically positive and the reference strains. In comparison of the sequences of nucleotides and amino acids among the strains, GroES showed 100% identity in both sequences. GroEL was evaluated 99.0~99.9% in nucleotides and 98.0~100% homology in amino acids. The groE gene including groES and groEL was inserted into pET29a vector and constructed pET29a-GroE recombinant plasmids. The inserted groE was confirmed by digestion with Nco1 and EcoR1 endonucleases and nucleotide sequencing. E. coli BL (DE3) was transformed with pET29a-GroE, named as E. coli BL (DE3)/pET29a-GroE. In SDS-PAGE, it was evident that the recombinant plasmid effectively expressed the polypeptides for GroES (10 kDa) and GroEL (60 kDa) in 0.5, 1 and 2 hours after IPTG induction. The immuno-reactivity of the expressed proteins were proved in mouse inoculation and Western blot analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2020

Demand for cosmetics with functionality and eco-friendliness has increased dramatically due to recent aging, well-being trends, and increased interest in beauty. Cosmetics production in 2014 was 8,970.4 billion won, an increase of about 50% compared to 6,014.6 billion won in 2010. In the midst of this, similar companies in intense competition are pursuing differentiated strategies and innovation activities to solve quality, price and delivery problems. In particular, cosmetics packaging work is getting more difficult due to the increasing bill of materials (BOM) and difficult assembly methods. Therefore, in this study, the following problems were identified and suggestions for the improvement of the packaging Many research laboratories such as biotechnology, chemistry, and pharmaceuticals, which are undergoing various studies, are equipped with ready-made laboratory safety equipments such as bio-safety workbenches, aseptic bases, and exhaust workbenches. However, most researchers are disadvantaged in using existing safety equipment. This is because existing safety equipment can not take into account all of the unique characteristics of the research. For this reason, researchers are demanding the development of customized safety equipment that is well suited to their research needs. process of Company C, which is facing difficult situation to respond to the customer 's delivery due to the 52 - hour work week. First, we used the stopwatch to find the difficulty process in the packaging process and show ways to improve it. Second, to improve the efficiency of line balancing in the packaging process, we integrate processes, improve work methods, and perform simple automation. As a result, the prepare loss for replacement was reduced by 1 minute from 5 minutes, resulting in a 23% increase in productivity from 112 ea./hour to 137ea./ hour per person. At this time, the LOB of the packaging process was improved from 70% to 82% by operating one more production line through one person per line, total 9 people saving.

• Clean Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.446-450
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• 2012

Strong alkaline electrolyzed water which is produced in cathode by electrolyzing the solution where electrolytes (NaCl, $K_2CO_3$ etc.) are added in diaphragm electrolytic cell, is eco-friendly and has cleaning effects. So, it is viewed as a substitution of chemical cleaner. In addition, strong alkaline electrolyzed water is being used by some Japanese automobile and precision parts manufacturing industries. When strong alkaline electrolyzed water is produced by using diaphragm electrolytic cell, it is necessarily produced at the anode side. Since strong acidic electrolyzed water produced is discarded when its utilization cannot be found, production efficiency of electrolyzed water is consequently decreased. Also, there is a weakness electrolytic efficiency is decreasing due to the pollution of diaphragm. In order to overcome this, non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell integrated with electrode reaction chamber and dilution chamber was applied. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water was produced for different composition of electrolytes, and their properties and characteristics were identified. In comparing the properties between strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell and that produced in all-in-one electrolytic cell, the differences in ORP and chlorine concentration were found. In emulsification test to confirm surface-active capability, similar results were obtained and strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell was identified to be useable as a cleaner like strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell. Strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in non-diaphragm all-in-one electrolytic cell is thought to have sterilizing power because it has active chlorine which is different from strong alkaline electrolyzed water produced in diaphragm electrolytic cell.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.313-318
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• 2014

The world is in need of sustainable and eco-friendly energy sources such as microalgal biodiesel due to global warming and fossil fuel shortages. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of liquid fertilizer produced from swine manure and agriculture grade solid fertilizers as nutrient sources for microalgal biomass production. Mixed culture (Chlorella spp., Scenedesmus spp., Stigeoclonium spp.; CSS) was cultivated for 28 days in Small Scale Raceway Pond (SSRP) using various nutrient sources (swine manure liquid fertilizer, agricultural solid fertilizer, and mixture of these two fertilizers). Biomass and lipid productivity of fertilizer mixture were the highest at 0.8 g/L and 5.8 mg/L/day, respectively. These results indicate that the fertilizer mixture can provide microalgae necessary nutrient sources for stable biodiesel production and biomass growth. In addition, overall cost of microalgal cultivation and subsequently biodiesel production would be significantly reduced.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.35-46
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• 2010

The purpose of the study was to identify the potential buyers' consciousness of single-family housing to provide useful data to help future single-family housing supplies in Ulsan. The study selected residents in Ulsan, who were over twenty and had an interest in living in a single-family housing. A survey was conducted from September 11, 2008 to September 25, 2008. The sample consisted of 364 persons who are currently live in Ulsan metropolitan area. The results are as following. About two thirds of the sample had the desire to live in a single-family housing. Moving into a single-family housing had financial preparation as the greatest issue. When moving into a single-family housing, the convenience of the residential district was the greatest consideration, whether or not it is a green environment, pollution level, etc. The potential buyers valued environment-friendly features and also had a very strong desire to own their own house. Many of them wanted to design and build their own single-family housing within a budget of 100-200 million KRW. In terms of the location, there was a higher preference for the riverside or lakeside rural areas outside the city. In terms of size, the preference was less than $330m^2$, which includes $99-132m^2$ for residential. When considering a single-family housing the direction was the most important feature, along with eco-friendly and safer materials and equipments. When building the single-family housing the potential buyers considered the community spaces first with a preference for having three bedrooms and two bathrooms. For the exterior, they wanted a unique shape of roof and there were high preferences for brown and beige colors. In terms of housing complexes, the potential buyers preferred individual unit types over complexes. If they preferred housing complexes, they wanted the cluster form complex with about 10-30 units. The complex also required a park-like setting with a guard system, which shows that convenience and safety were the most important features. In terms of complex management, they considered environmental management as the most important feature. The potential buyers were willing to pay belw 200,000 KRW, which showed their desire to minimize financial burdens.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.101-111
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• 2015

The modular construction method has been getting more attention followed by global eco-friendly trend as the domestic construction industry has focused more on remodeling and extension work. The modular construction method is an industrialized construction system which is not likely as the existing construction method it manufactures more than 70% modules at the factory then assembling can be completed in a short amount of time on site. The modular construction method has various strengths; shortening of construction period by on-site work decrease, weight pressure reduction by usage of light steel frames and cost saving by repetitive manufacturing. However, it is currently not expanded due to the existing commercialized construction method. Therefore, this research is in order to help the related authorities make decisions to select the construction method and motivate expansion of modular construction method which can be utilized effectively in the extension works. The intention of this research is to stress differentiation from other construction methods in construction period, construction expenses, labor and forces by comparing and analyzing actual cases, to inform competitiveness of modular construction method by concrete effect analysis and to support adoption of the modular construction method into the domestic industry.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

The current real estate market is in a state that is considerably shrink due to the recession and long-term reduction of trading. In response, the government recently announced an innovative way for the middle-class residential housing and it is taking the lead to activate the real estate market. Meanwhile, the domestic housing market is entering a transition period, including structural changes of household structure, changes from joeonse to rent increasingly. Also single-member households will rise steeply, so that makes the high demand of small houses. In addition, the domestic construction industry is interested in new technology called Modular building. The Modular construction is an off-site construction system that shorten construction period, eco-friendly building technology and mobility etc, which can be used in various field. Overall, there are two major issues of the current market, one is the change of the real estate market, and the other is the modular construction. This study will propose modular business model in the rental market through the analysis the profitability of the modular business scenarios and IRR analysis.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.3-20
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• 2014

Due to habitat damage associated with climate change and human activities, biodiversity has decreased all over the world. In order to prevent further reduction in biodiversity, the international community has endeavored to establish a cooperative system, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Until now, most biodiversity strategic planning has been led by the national government. However, the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan is conservative and its strategic plan is vague. Therefore, we propose a method for managing local biological resources called the Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan. In order to provide the strategic plans and detailed plans for the Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, the report has examined several cases including Convention on Biological Diversity, Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, and the biodiversity strategies and action plans of the Republic of Korea and several other countries. As a result, the report demonstrates the survey and protection of bio-species, the designation and monitoring of conservation region, the management of the integrated eco-network, the establishment of biodiversity organizations and capacity building, the methods to promote networking and traditional knowledge, and the strategy for development in bioindustry. Consequently, the implementation of biodiversity management strategies by local governments will play a significant role in preserving and increasing biodiversity by realizing the goals of Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.69-84
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• 2020

Up to date, the majority research on the major landscape elements in organic farming has been mainly focused on the practice of seeking efficiency. The problem is that this type of study contributes to polluting the agricultural environment and damaging the ecological circulation system. As an alternative, there is a growing body of research on organic farming, but it is not widely applied that research on how to manage the landscape considering the scenic characteristics of farming villages practicing organic farming. Hence, in this paper we utilized landscape adjectives as a way to enhance the objectivity of the organic agricultural complex landscape assessment. More specifically, not only this study used a landscape image of an organic agricultural complex to identify a landscape adjective suitable for the landscape elements but also this study confirmed the suitability of landscape adjectives comparing to the opinions of experts and the public. To carry out, this study performed the experts survey which is composed of 12 major landscape elements, including rice paddies and fields, monoculture and diverse crops, dirt roads, windbreak trees, accent planting, dum-bung(small pond), natural small river, natural waterways, plastic film houses, one-storied houses, and pavilion. As a result of deriving the landscape adjectives from the main landscape elements, there were nine landscape adjectives that were consistent with experts and the public, including "clear" and "Artless" for rice paddies and fields, while the mismatched landscape adjectives were 'traditional'. The accent planting was a combination of landscape adjectives such as 'natural' and 'clear', while the windbreak trees was a consensus of all landscape adjectives. Only two adjectives, 'friendly' and 'wild', agreed on the dirt load, nine dum-bung(small pond), ten natural small river, nine duckery, eight one-storied houses, 10 pavilion, eight monoculture and diverse crops, and three natural waterways. The most common landscape adjectives were windbreak trees, pavilions, and natural small river, all 10 landscape adjectives. However, it is considered that only three of the 10 landscape types on the dirt road and the natural number are matched. Thus, additional management measures will be needed. In addition, it was analyzed that the most common landscape adjectives were "Artless" and "friendly" 13 times. The landscape adjectives of the organic farming complex responded by experts were analyzed to be suitable for natural, clear, zingy, silent, traditional, artless, friendly, wild and Leisurely, and consistent with the general public's opinion.