• Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2018

Echocardiography is one of the most useful diagnostic techniques for differentiating heart disease as well as mitral valve lesion. Forty client-owned small breed dogs (weight, 2.3-13.2 kg) aged between 8-17 years with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) were included in the present study. The diagnosis of MMVD in dogs was made based on the clinical signs, chest radiography data, and echocardiographic findings. Echocardiographic examinations were conducted in accordance with recommended standards for dogs. M-mode, Doppler, and 2D echocardiography were performed in left and right lateral recumbency. 2D echocardiography was used to measure LA and Ao diameter from 2D short axis at the level of the aortic valve. In the comparison of conventional echocardiography indices in dogs with different stages of heart failure with MMVD, significant differences were observed in E/A ratio (p=0.005), EDV (p<0.001), EDVI (p<0.001), E-peak velocity (p= 0.001), ESV (p=0.028), ESVI (p=0.004), LA (p<0.001), LA/Ao Ratio (p<0.001), LVIDd (p<0.001), LVIDd/Ao Ratio (p<0.001), LVIDs (p=0.036), LVIDs/Ao Ratio (p=0.002), and MR Velocity (p=0.026). In addition, distinct correlations were found in EDV (r=0.712), LA/Ao ration (r=0.830), LVIDd (r=0.724), and LVIDd/Ao ratio (r=0.759). This study found that known conventional echocardiographic indices, including EDV, LA/Ao ratio, LVIDd dimension, and LVIDd/Ao ratio correlated with the severity of MMVD in point of significant differences and distinct correlations.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.448-451
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• 2004

개심술 후 폐색전증을 동반한 우심방 혈전의 발생 예는 매우 드물다. 10개월 전 심방중격결손 수술을 받았던 54세 여자 환자가 좌측 흉막통과 호흡곤란을 주소로 응급실에 내원하였다. 폐관류주사 검사에서 다발성 분절성 관류 결손 소견을 보였고 경식도 초음파 검사에서 우심방 벽에 위치하는 크고 줄기가 있는 움직이는 종괴가 발견되었다. 헤파린 치료 시작 13일 후 시행한 심초음파 검사에서 크기가 전혀 줄어들지 않아 개심술하에 종괴를 제거하였다. 병리 소견에서 우심방 기질성 혈전으로 밝혀졌고, 수술 후 환자는 별 문제 없이 회복되었으며 퇴원 후 와파린 치료를 받고 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1242-1246
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• 1997

Criss-cross heart which is a cardiac malformation caused by abnormal rotation of the ventricles early in embryonic development, is rare but a double outlet of right ventricle in priss-cross heart is very rare. We experienced a case of criss-cross heart which is situs solidus, concordant atrioventricular connection and double outlet of rig t ventricle with remote ventricular septal defect of perimembranous inlet type. A 4-years old female was diagnosed as a double outlet of right ventricle in criss-cross heart after echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and cardiac angiography. The surgical correction was a intraventricular reconstruction of left ventricular outflow with 314 circle of 20 mm Hemashield vascular graft from the ventricular septal defect to the aorta. The patient had a temporary atrioventricular block but was recovered uneventfully, and a postoperative echocardiogram showed no left ventricular outflow obstruction, no intracardiac shunt.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.307-310
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• 2003

An atrial septal defect (ASD) is congenital heart disease with a communication between the atria, which allows blood to shoot from the atrium with pressure. A 3-month-old female Miniature Schunauzer was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University for the evaluation of systolic heart murmur. At presentation, the mucous membrane was cyanotic. On physical examination, an ejection-type systolic murmur was auscultated at the pulmonic area. In addition, thoracic radiography showed enlargement of main pulmonary artery and right atrial/ventricular enlargement. Echocardiography revealed dilated right atrium and atrial septal defect. However, mitral and tricuspid valve were still intact and well tolerating. The presence of an ASD was confirmed by identifying flow across the defect with color Doppler imaging. Doppler echocardiography provides a means of non-invasive documentation and quantification of ASD. Complete blood count and serum chemistry were not remarkable. Although large defect was confirmed between the two atrium, the patient did not show any obvious clinical signs of heart failure at this time.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.509-513
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• 1999

Dilated cardiomyopathy in two dogs showing dyspnea was diagnosed at veterinary teaching hospital. In radiographs, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, ascites, and hepatomegaly were seen at case 1. ‘Reversed D’ shape due to right heart enlargement was shown at case 2. In echocardiography, dilatation of chambers was predominant in case 1 and 2. Arrythmia was complicated in case 2.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.234-235
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• 1993

We have experienced a case of congenital heart disease who developed pulmonaryaspergilloma and then had open heart surgery associated with pulmonary resection. A 53 year old female patient was admitted of fever and chill without cyanosis and hemoptysis. Chest CT showed cavitary lesion with enhanced wall in right midle lung and huge pulmonary artery. Secundum atrial septal defect was identified by echocardiography and catheterization, preoperatively. The patient was identified finally as atrial septal defect associated with pulmonary aspergilloma, in operation and pathology.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 1991

Residual significant tricuspid regurgitation after mitral valve operation may significantly increase postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, routine techniques to detect tricuspid regurgitation preoperatively and postoperatively are not accurate. Doppler echocardiography was performed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess its ability to evaluate and quantify the severity of tricuspid regurgitation. In 34 patients with tricuspid regurgitation secondary to mitral valvular disease the tricuspid regurgitations were semiquantified on a scale of 1 to 3+. The 34 patients were divided into two groups on the basis of severity of tricuspid regurgitation as assessed by preoperative Doppler echocardiography. Group I [8 patients] had mild[1+] regurgitation, and group II [26 patients] had moderate to severe[2 ~ 3%] tricuspid regurgitation. In all studied patients, preoperative Doppler echocardiographic studies for the degree of tricuspid regurgitation were correlated with clinical symptoms[including NYHA class] and hemodynamics[JVP and right ventricular systolic pressure], and used as the indicator to determine whether tricuspid annuloplasty should be performed or not. Patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation[group II ] had greater preoperative right ventricular systolic pressures and NYHA classes, although there was no correlation between them. The 8 patients with mild[1+] tricuspid regurgitation[group I ] didn`t undergo any procedure for the tricuspid regurgitation and their postoperative Doppler echocardiographic studies showed the less than mild[0 ~ 1+] tricuspid regurgitation, and the 26 patients with significant[>2+] tricuspid regurgitation, and the 26 patients with significant[>2+] tricuspid regurgitation[group II ] underwent tricuspid annuloplasty for the tricuspid regurgitation and the postoperative Doppler echocardiographic studies showed the findings similar to group I except 1 patient who underwent Carpentier`s ring annuloplasty and had severe right ventricular failure. Therefore, preoperative Doppler echocardiography can accurately assess the relative severity of tricuspid regurgitation. Importantly, postoperative Doppler echocardiography could conveniently determine the effect of tricuspid annuloplasty for the patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation. Doppler echocardiography may be an important diagnostic method both for evaluating the degree of residual tricuspid regurgitation after left heart operation as well as for determining which patients should undergo tricuspid valve repair.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2015

Traumatic tricuspid regurgitation is a rare complication of blunt chest trauma caused by chordal rupture, anterior papillary muscle rupture and anterior leaflet tear. Since clinical symptoms are vague, early diagnosis is difficult and some patient exhibit symptoms of right heart failure. Right heart failure has been the traditional indication for surgical treatment, such as tricuspid valve replacement. Recently, early detection using transthoracic echocardiography and surgical treatment, like valve repair, prior to overt right heart failure have been shown to better prognosis. We report a case of traumatic tricuspid regurgitation with chordal rupture in patient due to traffic accident.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2013

Despite developments in surgical techniques and other interventions, right ventricular (RV) failure remains an important clinical problem in several congenital heart diseases (CHD). RV function is one of the most important predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with CHD. RV failure is a progressive disorder that begins with myocardial injury or stress, neurohormonal activation, cytokine activation, altered gene expression, and ventricular remodeling. Pressure-overload RV failure caused by RV outflow tract obstruction after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis, atrial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, and systemic RV failure after the Fontan operation. Volume-overload RV failure may be caused by atrial septal defect, pulmonary regurgitation, or tricuspid regurgitation. Although the measurement of RV function is difficult because of many reasons, the right ventricle can be evaluated using both imaging and functional modalities. In clinical practice, echocardiography is the primary mode for the evaluation of RV structure and function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly used for evaluating RV structure and function. A comprehensive evaluation of RV function may lead to early and optimal management of RV failure in patients with CHD.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2014

A 8-month-old female Maltese dog was presented with a history of heart murmur. In physical examination, grade 4/6 systolic murmur heard at the left heart base. Electrocardiography showed sinus arrhythmia, right axis deviation, deep S wave and splintered QRS complex. Thoracic radiography revealed enlarged right side heart and bulging of the main pulmonary artery. Echocardiography showed mild hypertrophy of right ventricle, a supravalvular stenosis, marked post-stenotic dilation of the main pulmonary artery and a moderately increased pulmonary arterial velocity through the stenotic area (4.4 m/s, pressure gradient of 78.7 mmHg). The dog was diagnosed with supravalvular pulmonic stenosis based on the diagnostic imaging findings. Medical management using ${\beta}1$-blocker and ACE inhibitor was started in this dog and this is first case report described diagnostic characteristic features of supravalvular pulmonic stenosis in korea.