• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.221-235
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• 2006

In order to understand the transport mechanism of tidal beach sediments in Deukryang Bay, south coast of Korea, beach profiles, surface sediments, sedimentation rates and hydrodynamic conditions have been investigated. The beach is composed of a steep beach face and gentle low-tide terrace, showing general morphologic characteristics of tide dominated beach. Central beach face of an indented coast becomes flattened in summer, but ridge and runnel system developed in other seasons makes the beach profile rather irregular. These seasonal variations of beach profiles and sedimentation rate indicate that beach sedimentation is mainly controlled by both tide and wave processes. Erosion is prevalent in winter when strong wind wave is dominant, while deposition is dominant in other seasons. However, central beach showed an apparent erosional phase in summer. This is caused by strong waves induced by southerly strong winds occurring ephemerally during the summer. On the other hand, sedimentation rates are -89.2 mm/yr on the central beach and 60.5 mm/yr and 38.2 mm/yr on the sides. This result suggests that sediments are eroded on the central beach and subsequently transported to the both sides. Therefore, the central part of Sumun beach, used as a beach bathing site, will be continuously eroded, if nearby dyke continues to prevent the sediment supply from sources.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.722-735
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• 2002

In order to reveal sedimentary facies and geochemical characteristics on sediments distributed in upper intertidal zone, the southwestern coast of Korea, grain size and metal content analyses to the sediments were carried out. The grain size distribution of sediments shows very wide range from gravel to mud. The sediments are very well sorted to very poorly sorted and mostly positively skewed. Geochemical behavior of metals in the sediments is dependant on grain size, in part, but might be much controlled by complex submarine topography, highly varied tidal currents and surrounding land geology in the study area. Igeo (index of geoaccumulation) representing metal condensation in the sediments moderately/strongly polluted in Co and Cr and moderately polluted in Cu and Ni. But notable metal condensations are not found in the study area. So, it might be interpreted that grain size and metal content distribution tendencies in the sediments are considerably influenced by complex submarine topography, highly varied tidal currents and surrounding land geology.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2000

To understand the variation and transport pattern of suspended matters, salinity, tidal current and suspended matters in semiclosed Muan Bay have been monitored during winter and summer. The suspended matters show considerably seasonal variations with low concentration and homogeneity in the water column during winter season, but with high concentration and layering during summer season. Particularly, during summer season, the freshwater and the suspended matters influxed by the gate operation of the Youngsan River sea-dike are transported northward in accordance with the would flow into the inner-bay by relaxed flood currents after the construction of sea-dike and sea-walls in the Mokpo coastal zone. But, in the south bay-mouth, those matters outflow through the bay-mouth, resulting from tidal ebb dominance and asymmetry in the west bay-mouth. The residual suspended matter flux is much higher in the south bay-mouth(-0.0955kg/m ${\cdot}$ sec) than that of west bay-mouth(0.0078kg1m ${\cdot}$ sec). Accordingly, The Muan Bay is interpreted as erosion-dominated environments, and the erosion somewhat progresses in the intertidal flat of the bay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to develop the student activity-centered science textbook model in high school and explore the field application possibility. For development of student activity-centered science textbook model, we conducted a literature survey about foreign science textbook and science curriculum and we developed the textbook development framework based on 7E learning model. Based on framework, we developed student activity-centered science textbook model about achievement standards 'systems and interaction - earth systems'. A development model is the total amount of five class periods and the various objectives were reflected in pursuit systems thinking & STEAM. 1~4 class periods, learning content composed of student activity-centered exploration activities that organically associated to make final products. Fifth class period was presented to explore job and career. A development model was applied to high school class for one time study. Applying the result of field study, students were responded positively in interested about science class, textbook contents, made final product. Through this study, if science textbook was made on the basis of the revised student activity-centered science textbook model, students were lead to positive change in science class.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.722-730
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• 2018

This paper presents an analysis technique for estimating the properties of a target's power-spill patterns observed in reconstructed SAR images, which in turn depend on the setup squint angle of the FMCW signal-based SAR system. The target responses observed in the reconstructed SAR images were affected by the range-direction and azimuth-direction of a wave projected on the ground, and the obtained results were analyzed by applying three-dimensional squinted SAR geometry. Furthermore, the rotation patterns were verified through simulations based on the FMCW signal model and back-projection algorithm. This paper summarizes the obtained evaluation results as a function of SAR geometry and squint angle.

• Atmosphere
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.215-227
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• 2021

The necessity of the prediction on the Seasonal-to-Subseasonal (S2S) timescale continues to rise. It led a series of studies on the S2S prediction models, including the Global Seasonal Forecasting System Version 5 (GloSea5) of the Korea Meteorological Administration. By extending previous studies, the present study documents sea surface temperature (SST) prediction skill around the Korean peninsula in the GloSea5 hindcast over the period of 1991~2010. The overall SST prediction skill is about a week except for the regions where SST is not well captured at the initialized date. This limited prediction skill is partly due to the model mean biases which vary substantially from season to season. When such biases are systematically removed on daily and seasonal time scales the SST prediction skill is improved to 15 days. This improvement is mostly due to the reduced error associated with internal SST variability during model integrations. This result suggests that SST around the Korean peninsula can be reliably predicted with appropriate post-processing.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2024

Despite the rapid development of sensors, structural health monitoring (SHM) still faces challenges in monitoring due to the degradation of devices and harsh environmental loads. These challenges can lead to measurement errors, missing data, or outliers, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of SHM systems. To address this problem, this study proposes a classification method that detects anomaly patterns in sensor data. The proposed classification method involves several steps. First, data scaling is conducted to adjust the scale of the raw data, which may have different magnitudes and ranges. This step ensures that the data is on the same scale, facilitating the comparison of data across different sensors. Next, informative features in the time and frequency domains are extracted and used as input for a deep neural network model. The model can effectively detect the most probable anomaly pattern, allowing for the timely identification of potential issues. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, it was applied to actual data obtained from a long-span cable-stayed bridge in China. The results of the study have successfully verified the proposed method's applicability to practical SHM systems for civil infrastructures. The method has the potential to significantly enhance the safety and reliability of civil infrastructures by detecting potential issues and anomalies at an early stage.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.75-91
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• 2020

The purposes of this study are 1) to develop a pre-education program for teaching the basic concepts of systems thinking and STEAM program based on systems thinking and 2) to investigate the effects of the program on middle school students' systems thinking. The subjects were 4 seventh-graders and 4 ninth-graders in a middle school located in the province of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Data related to students' systems thinking was analyzed using the rubrics developed by Hung(2008). The results were reviewed by experts to verify the validity of the rubrics and the reliability of students' system thinking. In addition, the data analyzed with the rubrics, students' awareness of systems thinking, word associations, causal maps and interviews were systematically analyzed to investigate the effects of the program on students' systems thinking. The findings of this study were as follows: First, a pre-education program and teachers' guidebook for teaching and learning the concept of systems thinking and causal maps were developed. The pre-education program consisted of familiar TV entertainment program-Infinite Challenge (Muhandojeon)-with a theme of Global Warming. Second, a STEAM education program based on systems thinking which was composed of 5 steps: Analysis-Design-Build-Assessment-Systems thinking. The major theme of the program was an air extinguisher. The developed STEAM education program had positive effects on improving middle school students' systems thinking abilities such as understanding systems, relations within a system and system generalization. Therefore, it was concluded that the STEAM program could be instrumental for cultivating students' STEAM literacy with improved systems thinking.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.318-331
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop the systems thinking learning program and to confirm the effects of its application in the fourth grades' science class. For it, the test tools were designed to survey divergent thinking and the closed loop based on the casual relation. The systems thinking learning program was developed to make students learn scientific knowledge and systems thinking educational strategies through their regular science class. The two classes of fourth grade were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. After applying pre-test to two groups, the system thinking education program was applied to an experimental group according to the reconstructed lesson plan. Subsequently, post-test was applied to two groups 3 weeks after pre-test. The findings in this study were as follows. In divergent thinking, the systems thinking program was useful to two groups. It could be the repetition effect, but only the experimental group shows a statistically significant change. The effect of the closed loop based on casual relation was deemed statistically significant. It shows these educational strategies were effective in making students understand the systems thinking. Finally, the results of students' interviews shows they were satisfied with this program because they were able to express their thinking with confidence and to find new relations in the change of land. The results suggest that the more research is needed to further develop and improve on students' thinking skills in their regular science classes.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2102-2107
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• 2007

GSHP systems are used for air-conditioning systems in commercial buildings, schools, and factories because of low operating and maintenance costs. These systems use the earth as a heat source in heating and a heat sink in cooling mode. Ground heat exchangers are classified by a horizontal and vertical type according to the installation method. Vertical type is usually constructed by placing small diameter high density polyethylene tube in a vertical borehole. Vertical tube sizes range from 20 to 40 mm nominal diameter. Borehole depth range between 100 and 200 m depending on local drilling conditions and available equipment. In this study, to evaluate the performance of single u-tube with bentonite grouting, single u-tube with broken stone grouting and double u-tube bentonite grouting of vertical ground heat exchangers, test sections are buried on the earth and experimental apparatus is installed. Therefore the heat transfer performance and pressure loss of these are estimated.