• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2019

Modern Joseon Architecture is North Korea's unique building style that interprets Korean traditional architecture in a modern way, and its most distinctive design feature is the Paljak roof that decorates the upper part of the buildings. This paper argues that continuous attempts at characterizing the nature of traditional Korean architecture in the late 1950s and early 1960s developed the theoretical rationale for the exclusive use of the Paljak roof in Modern Joseon Architecture. It also argues that the construction of the Pyongyang Grand Theater and the Okryu Restaurant during this period became a decisive moment for the formalization of the Paljak roof. The double roof rafters and gables and the "cheerful yet solemn" roofline were considered as main characteristic features of the Korean roof and the Paljak roof perfectly fits this description. Particularly, in North Korean society where Kim Il Sung became idolized as an impersonalized deity, an anecdote in which Kim Il Sung fixed a prominent gabled roof in the Pyongyang Grand Theater into a Paljak roof has allowed for the roof to gain an exclusive status. Hence, almost all Modern Joseon Architecture since the 1960s accepted the Paljak roof's monopoly position, rather than experimenting with other traditional roof types.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2015

The history of paper folding had continued before that the paper manufacturing technique was spread in the 3rd century and it was used for witchcrafts and rituals. Fold means as was used with the word Cheop and Jeopji. In the Three Kingdoms period, the conical hat with fabric spread as customs, then it was made of the paper that led the popularization of paper folding form the early Joseon Dynasty. Paper crafts and living things with paper are mostly derived from fabrics except the paper written for saint's name related God. In the period of the tribe nation, witchcrafts and rituals brought to Japan via the Korean Peninsula, as a result Kami which means God in Japanese that becomes the paper. The first folding fan was made to develop from the fan, Baekseopsun in the end of Goryeo Dynasty. It was an outstanding application of paper folding crafts. Since the early Joseon Dynasty, paper flower folding has considered as the virtue of savings and has developed one of the Korean traditional paper arts. Paper folding has also developed in the practical uses like the other Korean paper arts but paper folding that was developed as seasonal customs, playing or religious purpose showed a different trend from Korean paper arts.

• 한국어학
• /
• 제64권
• /
• pp.117-168
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine woodblock prints possessed at Komazawa University and Hosa Library which are most precedent versions among a number of different versions of Daemyeongryul- Jikhae. This study has determined that both of two prints are same version printed by identical woodblock and the print of Hosa Library out of them was the fine version printed at an earlier stage. Moreover, this study has compared the print of Hosa Library with that of Mansong's collection of books in Korea University, thus the distinction has been classified into 4 types and described in detail. From the analysis about the difference between the prints of Hosa Library and Mansong's collection of books, this study has extrapolated the versions of Daemyeongryul-Jikhae in the early period of the Joseon Dynasty. This study suggests that the print of Daemyeongryul-Jikhae in Hosa Library demonstrates revision of legal articles and literal translation of the articles and thus, it is valuable literature that provides a basis for revising error in later versions including the print in Mansong's collection of books. Since various simplified forms and variants of Chinese characters were used in the print of Hosa Library, it is useful literature for studying Chinese character culture which was prevalent in local at the early period of the Joseon Dynasty.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.155-172
• /
• 2022

Objectives : Contents on the 64 trigrams in major medical texts from early to late Joseon such as the Uibangyuchwi(醫方類聚), Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑), Somundaeyo(素問大要), Gyeokchigo(格致藁) were analyzed to examine their characteristics and historical context. Methods : Related contents in each medical texts were collected, sorted and analyzed for thorough examination. Results : The study of Changes which was widely applied in the field of medicine throughout the Joseon period focused more heavily on each of the trigram patterns, especially in regards to the qi interaction between the upper and lower axis of the body, rather than the various meanings of the ten wings[十翼]. This is a result of the Jing-Qi-Shen perspective of the body and the universe that transcends the Daoist inner cultivation method[內丹術], under which concepts related to qi circulation such as the opening and closing[闔闢] of the Heaven[乾] and the Earth[坤], the interaction between Water[水] and Fire[火] were considered more important. Conclusions : The historical context of the study of medicine and Changes[易] of Korea could be grasped through analysing the 64 trigrams in medical texts of each period in Joseon. Further research with the field of History of Changes studies is much anticipated.

• 한국전통조경학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 조선 시대 궁궐에서도 학을 길렀는가에 대한 확인과 함께 그 사례를 고찰하는 것이다. 본 연구의 시간적 범위는 조선 시대이며 공간적 범위는 외전, 내전, 궐내각사, 궐외각사 등 궁궐 전체를 대상으로 한다. 본 연구를 위한 문헌 자료는 일부 원문 자료를 발췌·번역하여 고찰하였으며, 이와 함께 한국고전번역원 데이터베이스(http://db.itkc.or.kr)에 탑재되어 있는 고전번역서를 활용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조선 시대 최고 관부인 의정부에서는 전기 때부터 학을 길렀다. 임진왜란 이후 위상 변화와 청사의 훼철로 인해 의정부에서의 양학은 중단된 것으로 보인다. 둘째, 조선 시대에 경연과 언론 기능을 담당하며 왕을 측근에서 보좌한 홍문관에서의 양학은 조선 전기 중종 대부터 임진왜란 이후 정조 대에까지 이어졌다. 셋째, 정조 대에는 왕권 강화를 위해 학문의 중추기관으로 새롭게 설치한 규장각에서도 학을 길렀다. 당시 규장각에는 여러 쌍의 학을 기르기도 했던 것으로 보인다. 넷째, 의정부, 홍문관, 규장각 등 조선의 핵심적 관부에서의 양학 행위는 그 기관의 위상이나 성격 등 정체성을 나타내는 표상으로서의 의미가 있었던 것으로 판단된다. 다섯째, 홍문관 등 궁궐에서 기르는 학은 관례적으로 황해도 배천군 등에서 충당했던 것으로 보인다. 이러한 관례는 영조 대에 이르러 중앙 관서와 지방 관아 간에 마찰을 일으키기도 했으나 이후 정조 연간에도 지속된 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서는 대부분 국역 자료에 의존하여 연구를 진행했다는 한계가 있다. 추후 자료의 발굴과 번역 성과가 더욱 축적된다면 보다 풍부한 사례를 확인할 있을 것이다. 또 지방의 관아, 사찰 등에서의 양학 사례 등 보다 심화된 후속 연구도 필요하다.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.7-20
• /
• 2007

Bong-amsa Temple is a special temple in the custody of Jogye sect, a branch of Buddhism in Korea. Due to limited public access to this temple, its Geungnakjeon(paradise shrine) has been little known to outside. But it is known that the Geungnakjeon has been not yet explored from academic standpoints in terms of its historical establishment as well as applications, and it would be two-storied wooden pagoda or the like. In order to examine its historical establishment, this study investigated historical records related to Bong-amsa Temple and its intrinsic architectural style. As a result, it was estimated that the building was established around the transitional period ranging from the late Koryo dynasty to the early Joseon dynasty. And it was found that the Geungnakjeon is not the two-storied wooden pagoda, but the unique building including an incidental component called Chayanggan(遮陽間; a sort of stepped penthouse) in Korea. In order to examine its possible applications, this study compared this building with other Buddhist funeral articles in forms similar thereto, such as Buddhist pagoda(僧塔), sarira container(舍利器) and Gamnodo(甘露圖) which depicts Byeoknyeon Daeban(碧蓮臺畔; a palanquin carrying malignant spirit). Then, this study estimated its possible applications on the basis of relevant historical literatures. As a result, it was found that this building was used as Wondang(願堂; a sort of Buddhist prayer house) to wish royal family's going to Nirvana after death, and it was not Confucian-style architecture popularized in the era of Joseon dynasty, but Buddhist-style architecture built widely from the era of Koryo dynasty to the early Joseon dynasty.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.35-49
• /
• 2016

Dopo was the clothing of the Joseon period, which had a strong value of Confucianism. Apart from the kings and princes, government officers and Confucian literati wore Dopo as their official clothing and the uniform. The basic form of Dopo had the straight collar similar to Jikryeong. The difference is the shape of a Mu, which was fixed inside or on the back section along the side line of the front section and made two flaps on the back section. The clothing found in the tombs of Bae Cheonjo (1532~?) are from the mid-16th century to the early 17th century with the clothing style of the early Joseon period. The outer collar of all clothing was the shawl collar except for the Sibok and the inner collar was sewn to this. Two items had square tray collars, which were folded in half and sewn inside in half. The sleeve had a straight inseam from the armhole and its end around the wrist was round and wide. The carp-shaped inseam of the sleeve and wide sleeve indicated a change of sleeve shape. The shapes of the collars and the wide overlapped section of the dual collars demonstrated the shapes of the initial outer robes. The man's outer coats with wide sleeves were mostly cotton-quilted clothing. As described above, this paper examines the basic shapes of outer robes including Sibok, Jikryeong and man's outer coats on the basis of the clothing and artifacts from the tomb of Bae Cheonjo (1532~?) and examined the shapes, composition and features of Dopo. This paper aims to improve awareness of the wisdom and spirit of ancestors in life hidden in the sewing of the three Dopo items and on the importance of historical research.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.74-91
• /
• 2012

본 논문은 빈전(殯殿), 진전(眞殿), 산릉(山陵) 등 다른 상장례 공간에 비해 비교적 적은 연구가 이루어지고 있는 혼전공간(魂殿空間)을 대상으로, 혼전공간을 구성함에 있어서 어떤 요소들이 영향을 주었고, 내부의 구성이 어떤 식으로 이루어져 왔는지에 관한 분석을 통해 혼전공간의 위치관계 및 궁궐별 구성을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 조선시대 의례 중 흉례에 있어서 혼전(魂殿)은 사상적, 종교적인 면뿐만 아니라 기능적이고 건축적인 특성도 함께 지니고 있다. "국조오례의", "혼전도감의궤", "조선왕조실록" 등을 분석하여, 국상 시 사용되는 혼전를 중심으로 혼전과 주변 공간에 관한 기본적인 사항들을 정리하면서, 각각의 궁궐에서 혼전의 위치가 어떠한 상징성을 갖는지에 관한 의문점을 풀고 궁궐별 혼전공간이 규칙화된 특징이 존재하는지 비교하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 조선 초기에는 경복궁 자선당을 중심으로, 조선 후기로 갈수록 창덕궁 선정전은 주로 왕이 이용하고, 창경궁 문정전은 주로 왕후가 사용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 혼전을 선정함에 있어 정치적 공간이 필요해 편전의 사용을 꺼린 기록들과 조선후기로 가면서 조선 초기 편전공간으로 사용되었고 혼전으로도 사용되었던 공간들이 용도의 변화가 생기며 다른 곳으로 편전(便殿)을 이동한 분석들을 통해 편전이 아닌 다른 곳을 혼전으로 사용하려고 했음을 분석하였다. 조선시대 각 궁궐에는 "국조오례의"에 따라 혼전의 주요 공간이 구성되었고, 혼전의 주변전각들은 궁궐의 특성에 맞게 배치되어 일정한 패턴의 공간이 존재함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국의사학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2019

The medical book Yosandangsinjipeuibangkeumnangjibo (『樂山堂新集醫方錦囊至寶』, below as Yosandang, 『樂山堂』) is housed in the Handok museum of Medicine and Pharmacy. At the end of the Yosandang, written in manuscript, contains a rhymes of herbal medicine (藥性歌). The rhymes of herbal medicine is a record of song form about herbal medicine. Song-forms were widely used because they were easy to sing and memorize. In particular, there are many records of song forms in Korean medical books, which have been used in various fields such as herbal medicines, acupuncture points, and diagnosis. Although Yosandang is not a widely known medical book, it is meaningful in that it shows a cross section of late Joseon Korean medicine. So, this paper considers rhymes of herbal medicine in Yosandang. Yosandang is a medical book of the late Joseon period written by doctor Byun Gwangwon in 1806. This book consists of 6 books and 14 volumes, 13 of which are rhymes of herbal medicine. The rhymes of herbal medicine in Yosandang is 7 words-2 phrases form for the first time in Korea. This is almost 80 years earlier than the same form of Bangyakhabpyeon (『方藥合編』). The first part of rhymes of herbal medicine in Yosandang is considered to refer to the rhymes of herbal medicine in Jejungsinpyeon (『濟衆新編』), and the last part seems to be based on the contents of Donguibogam (『東醫寶鑑』). In other words, rhymes of herbal medicine in Yosandang could be considered as the result of trying to contain herbal medicine knowledge as a new 7 words-2 phrases form based on the Jejungsinpyeon (『濟衆新編』) and Donguibogam (『東醫寶鑑』). Unlike the previous rhymes of herbal medicine made during the compilation of medical books led by the late Joseon government, the rhymes of herbal medicine in Yosandang is a new type of rhymes created based on individual efforts in the early 19th century. It has a medicine historical significance in that it can show some aspects of Korean medicine in the late Joseon period.

• 복식
• /
• 제59권6호
• /
• pp.82-93
• /
• 2009

This study is considered about the Taekwondo(跆拳道) uniform classified by period and analyzed the current Taekwondo uniform. And founded on this contents, new designs of uniform, that a functional side are considered and can symb이ize the identity of Taekwondo, are presented through this study. Ancient times to the present time, the Taekwondo uniform classified into three types according to 'Period of putting on our nation's costume'(three kingdoms${\sim}$Joseon(朝鮮) times), 'Period of confusion on uniform'(Japan's colonial rule of Korea${\sim}$-the early 1970s), 'Period of the settlement on official uniform'(the late 1970s-the present time). And besides, the shape of our nation's costume in ancient times is succeeded until Joseon times and this basic style becomes the outset on the current Taekwondo uniform. The designed uniforms are connoted the notion of the aesthetic appreciation in Korean traditional costume, that is, a symbolic, dignified, moderate appreciation with the consideration of a functional side for Taekwondo. And the contents on the presented designs are classified into 'shape, pattern, color'. First, these designs that are adapted the shape of Baji(바지) Jeogori(저고리)-belt, which have symbolized our nation's costume, and the shape of Bacja(배자) had used in Joseon times, are connoted a 'traditional appreciation with functional side'. Second, these designs, which are adapted the patterns of the active image(a bugbear, flying horse, tiger for embroidered patches, Taegeuk(太極)) in a modern style, express a 'symbolic, dignified appreciation'. Third, these designs are well-matched a black and white color with multicolored stripes(saekddong, 색동), and its ones are connoted a 'moderate and symbolic appreciation'.