• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.751-760
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• 2001

Therapeutic exercise had developed with human being. It depend upon development of physiology, anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics. There are two categories in therapeutic exorcise. One is classical therapeutic exercise which is a activity of one muscle group, one axis and one plane motion. It is ROM, FRE. osteokinematics, arthrokinematics. Another is neurophysiological approach which is multi muscle group, multi axis and plane exercise. It is PNF and Bobath that start from 1940 to early 1950. Classical therapeutic exorcise develop from ROM to osteokinematics and arthrokinematics. It is foundation of the joint mobilization and orthopaedic manual physical therapy. Neurophysiological therapeutic approaching has more theory and skills than before. Bobath methods had changed from reflex-inhibiting posture to key points of control and added the theory of musculoskeletal, biomechanics, motor behaviour and cognition. We call it motor control.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.33-43
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• 2004

The multiple acupuncture techniques have been used to relieve the pain of lateral ankle sprain. Recently, early functional rehabilitation is emphasized in rehabilitative concepts using active ROM, facilitated proprioception, alphabet exercise and so forth. Similarly, in oriental rehabilition medicine, traditional movement technique called 'Dong-Ki' has been used to relieve pain of ankle sprain. So we used 'Dong-Ki' technique with SSP(silver spike point) electrotherapy transformed from alphabet exercise and evaluated the effects in method of randomized controlled trials. 27 outpatients with lateral ankle sprains were randomized into two groups : 15 samples and 12 controls. Sample group was treated with 'Dong-Ki' technique(writing his name with foot) with SSP electrotherapy to relieve pain during additionally. 'Dong-Ki'. Outcomes were measured by 10cm VAS and ankle circumference(cm). In terms of VAS, Sample group had inclination of pain relieving but not significantly meaningful. In terms of ankle circumference measurement, Sample group showed significantly improved.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2018

Purpose: The present study was to investigate effects of scapular position and pain on a trunk stabilization exercise with gym ball for patients with arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods: Subjects were patients after 2 weeks of rotator cuff repairs. Subjects were randomly assigned to conservative treatment group (CTG, n=10) or trunk stabilization with gym ball group (SBG, n=10), and participated one of those groups for 2 weeks. Measurements about pain and scapular position were assessed in before and after treatment programs. Results: Pain reduced in both rest and night in SBG compared to CTG. In the case of scapular position, decreased scapular retraction (increased protraction) was found in CTG and vice versa in SBG. Reduced scapular anterior tilting was also found on SBG. Conclusion: The present study showed that early performed trunk stabilization with gym ball could bring a scapular alignment that increases subacromial space and reduces pain. This suggests early trunk stabilization with gym ball programs to restore shoulder functions for patients with rotator cuff repair.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of Pilates exercise on Fitness Factors related to motor performance including flexibility, agility, power, balance, and muscle endurance. Methods: Forty subjects were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The Pilates group did Pilates exercises 3 times a week for 8weeks, 60 minutes each time, and submitted to evaluation of protocols to assess sitting and reaching tests, a standing broad jump test, a side step test, a balance test using a Biodex Stability System, and muscle endurance using CSMI. Results: The Pilates group (n=20) participated in Pilates exercises three times in a week for eight weeks. The results show significant post-test differences in the Pilates group in the following areas: flexibility, agility, power, balance and muscle endurance. There was no significant increase in the control group. Post-exercise, there was no significant difference between the Pilates and control group. Conclusion: The Pilates method can offer significant improvement in personal flexibility, agility, power, balance, and muscle endurance. This study suggests that individuals can improve their Fitness Factors related to motor performance using Pilates exercises that do not require equipment or a high degree of skill. Further study is required to quantify the benefits of Pilates exercise.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction bridge exercise on leg muscle thickness and balance. In addition, it is to promote blood flow restriction exercise as the basis for early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of sarcopenia in clinical practice. Methods: Twenty elderly women aged 65 years or older were selected to participate in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 10: one with blood flow restriction with bridge exercise (BFRG) and the other with bridge exercise alone (BG). As for the exercise method, the thickness of rectus femoris and vastus medialis and Berg balance scale were investigated by intervention for 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Results: There was significant difference in the thickness of the rectus femoris and vastus medial and within-group changes in the Berg balance scale (p <0.05) before and after the experiment in the BFRG and BG groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in change between the two groups (p <0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the intragroup change of the Berg balance scale in the BFRG before and after the experiment, but there was no significant difference in the BG, and there was no significant difference in the change between the two groups.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.229-246
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• 2017

This paper concerns barrier option of American type where the underlying price is monitored during only part of the option's life. Analytic valuation formulas of the American partial barrier options are obtained by approximation method. This approximation method is based on barrier options along with exponential early exercise policies. This result is an extension of Jun and Ku [10] where the exercise policies are constant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.352-358
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various exercise intensity on Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), excess post exercise energy expenditure (EPEE), and thyroid hormonal changes in trained (TR) and untrained (UT) people. The subject of the present study were divided into two groups and four periods: trained (TR; n=6) and untrained (UT; n=6) group. And the periods were divided as follows; Resting (R), Maximal (M), High intensity (H), and Low intensity (L). The percent body fat and RMR of all subjects were measured at every periods. The RMR was measured early in the morning following a 12-hour fast using MMX3B gas analyzer and blood sample were collected from the anticubital vein to investigate thyroid hormonal (T3, T4, Free T3, Free T4, & TSH) changes. All the RMR values were expressed as absolute value/BSA $(kcal/d/m^2)$. And We also analyzed mean energy expenditure for 30 minutes during and after different intensity exercise. There was significant difference in RMR among different intensity of exercise. in TR (p < .05) not in the UT group. however, there was no significant different percent body fat in TR and in UT group. In the energy expenditure, there was significant different between TR and UT in HEE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure), LEE (low intensity exercise energy expenditure), HEEPE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure post exercise) & LEEPE (low intensity exercise expenditure post exercise). In the hormonal level, there was significant different in T4 level in the TR group at H period and in T4, Free T3, & Free T4 levels in TR group at L period, however there was no significant different in the UT group. The present cross-sectional study was design to investigate the relationship between exercise intensity and RMR. The focus of this investigation was to compare RMR in aerobically trained (TR) and untrained (VI). The relationship among RMR, exercise intensity and percent body fat would best be investigated using MMX3B and body composition analyzer. Each subject completed measurement of percent body fat, RMR, hormone in the period of maximal oxygen uptake exercise (M), high intensity exercise (H), and low intensity exercise (L). From the results, Low intensity of exercise (L), there was a trend for an increased RMR (kcal/day) in the TR not for the UT. This is best explained not by the reduced percent body fat but by the highly induced energy expenditure (during exercise and post exercise energy expenditure) and increased T4, Free T3, and Free T4 hormonal levels in the low intensity exercise for the TR group.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2015

This study analyzed the differences in aerobic and anaerobic exercise ability and growth-related indicators, depending on the polymorphism of the ACE and the ACTN3 genes, to understand the genetic influence of exercise ability in the growth process of children. The subjects of the study consisted of elementary school students (n=856, age $10.32{\pm}0.07yr$). The anthropometric parameters, physical fitness and growth factors were compared among groups of the ACE I/D or the ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms. There were no significant differences between the anthropometric parameters, physical fitness and growth factors for the ACE gene ID or the ACTN3 gene R577X polymorphism. However, the DD type of ACE gene was highest in the side step test (p<0.05), and the DD type was significantly higher than the II+ID type (p<0.05) in the early bone age. The combined group of the ACE gene II+ID and the ACTN3 gene XX type significantly showed lower early bone age (p< 0.05). This study did not find any individual or compounding effects of the polymorphism in the ACE I/D or the ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms on the anthropometric parameters, physical fitness and growth factors of Korean children. However, the exercise experience and the DD type of the ACE gene may affect the early maturity of the bones.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.559-565
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• 2020

The study intends to use interactive multimedia art performances for rehabilitation exercises for patients with early dementia. The interactive performance is completed by communication and participation of the performer on the stage and the dementia patient, who is the audience, and through this process, the dementia patient performs efficient rehabilitation exercises with interest and immersion. For the study, the characteristics of early dementia patients and effective exercise methods are examined, and a program map is constructed so that the patient's performance viewing leads to participation and leads to rehabilitation exercises. Movements and sounds generated by the audience's participation are converted into MIDI signals of Sound Level, Pitch, and Velocity to become a performance that controls music and video in real time. Through this, the patient will be immersed in the rehabilitation exercise with interest and will be able to have a sense of accomplishment as a participant in the performance. In addition, this study has the significance of expanding the area through various uses and applications of interactive multimedia art.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

This study aimed at examining the maximal isometric contraction caused by voluntary exercise and at comparing its aspects of decrease and restoration in their different repeated application, as to the quadriceps muscles of thigh in the subjects composed of patients with spastic hemiplegia and normal adults. Using isokinetic exercise analyser(Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Biodex System 3PRO, U.S.A.), experiment was conducted as to the normal group composed of fifteen adults and the patient group composed of fifteen patients with spastic hemiplegia. As to each group, MVIC(maximal voluntary isometric contraction) of the quadriceps muscle of thigh caused by voluntary exercise and the aspects of decrease and restoration of the isometric contraction were examined with the method to induce isometric exercise, and their SDI(strength decrement index) and SRI(strength recovery index) were also calculated. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. As for decrease of maximal isometric contraction, both groups showed slow decrease in voluntary exercise, but the normal group showed rapid decrease later phase. 2. As for SDI, no significant differences could be observed in comparison between groups. 3. As for restoration of maximal isometric contraction, both groups showed slow restoration in voluntary exercise, but the normal group showed rapid restoration early phase. 4. As for SRI, comparison between groups showed significant differences in voluntary exercise. These results lead us to the conclusions that spastic muscle is characterized by slow decrease and restoration of MVIC in comparison with normal muscle in voluntary exercise.