• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate the effect of Early Weight Bearing and Vibration Exercise and is focusing on the difference between changes if experimental before and after on 30 stroke patients. The obtained results are as follows; First, the chang due to Early Weight Bearing and Vibration in the comparison of experimental duration, Early Weight Bearing and Vibration Exercise showed improvement of Bone Density(P<.05). Second, in the comparison of change according to Early Weight Bearing and Vibration Exercise, Bone Density was significantly changed between two experimental group(P<.05). Third, the chang due to Early Welght Bearing and Vibration Exercise, Bone Density of sound femoral head and affected femoral head was significantly changed(P<.05). Fourth, the chang due to Early Weight Bearing and Vibration Exercise, Bone Density of femoral head was significantly changed between two experimental group(P<.05).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.583-589
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• 2021

Background In prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients, the drain tends to be kept in place longer than in patients who undergo only mastectomy. Postoperative arm exercise also increases the drainage volume. However, to preserve shoulder function, early exercise is recommended. In this study, we investigated the effect of early exercise on the total drainage volume and drain duration in these patients. Methods We designed a prospective randomized trial involving 56 patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy using tissue expanders. In each group, the patients were randomized either to perform early arm exercises using specific shoulder movement guidelines 2 days after surgery or to restrict arm movement above the shoulder height until drain removal. The drain duration and the total amount of drainage were the primary endpoints. Results There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, or mastectomy specimen weight between the two groups. The total amount of drainage was 1,497 mL in the early exercise group and 1,336 mL in the exercise restriction group. The duration until complete removal of the drains was 19.71 days in the early exercise group and 17.11 days in the exercise restriction group. Conclusions Exercise restriction after breast reconstruction did not lead to a significant difference in the drainage volume or the average time until drain removal. Thus, early exercise is recommended for improved shoulder mobility postoperatively. More long-term studies are needed to determine the effect of early exercise on shoulder mobility in prosthesis-based breast reconstruction patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.316-325
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of early exercise education using videos on exercise knowledge and compliance of elderly patients who undergo total knee replacement surgery. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The participants were 70 elderly patients who had total knee arthroplasty in the C university hospital located in G city, Korea. Thirty-five patients were assigned to an experimental group and the other patients were assigned to a control group. After the total knee arthroplasty, the early exercise education accompanied by watching video instruction was conducted on the experimental group at post-operation second and third day for 15 minutes. General exercise education was administered to the control group. The exercise knowledge and compliance of the elderly patients were measured through structured questionnaires. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that early exercise education using videos has positive effects to improve the exercise knowledge and compliance of elderly patients after total knee arthroplasty. This early exercise education can be used going forward as nursing intervention for elderly patients who undergo total knee replacement surgery.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.512-517
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• 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is brain damage which is caused by the impact of external mechanical forces. TBI can lead to the temporary or permanent impairment of physical and cognitive abilities, resulting in abnormal behavior. We recently observed that a single session of early exercise in animals with TBI improved their behavioral performance in the absence of other cognitive abnormalities. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of continuous exercise during the early stages of TBI in rats. We found that continuous low-intensity exercise in early-stage improves the locomotion recovery in the TBI of animal models; however, it does not significantly enhance short-term memory capabilities. Moreover, continuous early exercise not only reduces the protein expression of cerebral damage-related markers, such as Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP), Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), S100β, Protein Gene Products 9.5 (PGP9.5), and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), but it also decreases the expression of apoptosis-related protein BAX and cleaved caspase 3. Furthermore, exercise training in animals with TBI decreases the microglia activation and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the serum, such as CCL20, IL-13, IL-1α, and IL-1β. These findings thus demonstrate that early exercise therapy for TBI may be an effective strategy in improving physiological function, and that serum protein levels are useful biomarkers for the predicition of the effectiveness of early exercise therapy.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to develop and evaluate stability and effects of an early exercise program for patients with open heart surgery. Methods: The subjects of this study were 30 patients who had either a coronary bypass surgery or a valvular heart surgery at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. The data was collected by observation and measurement from October 1, 2004 to November 15, 2004. Results: The early exercise program developed for this study consisted of range of motion exercise and walking. Intensity of walking was 1~3 METs and increased progressively to daily target distance. During exercise, the subjects were monitored heart rate, blood pressure and RPE (Rating of Perceived Exertion). The mean FIM (Functional Independent Measurements) score of subjects was significantly improved after the early exercise program. However, several complaints such as dizziness or pain were also reported. Most complaints were associated with chest tube and RPE. Conclusion: The early exercise program can help to recover patients' physical activities after surgery, and can be applied to most patients. Patients' RPE, dizziness and pain was possible limitations, therefore, active pain control and prevention of accidents for patients would be needed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of early stabilization exercise focused on the scapulothoracic joint on the recovery of surgical patients due to rotator cuff tear. Methods: The subjects were 30 patients divided randomly into two groups. Group I consisted of 15 patients who practiced shoulder joint stabilization exercises, including glenohumeral joint movement. Group II consisted of 15 patients who practiced scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises, excluding glenohumeral joint movement. The duration of stabilization exercise was 30 minutes for one day, five days a week, and five weeks. To measure the dependent variables, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, range of motion (ROM), dynamometer of measured grip were used. Results: The DASH, ROM, and grip power were compared. A significant difference was observed before the intervention in each group (p<.05), and there was no significant difference between group I and group II (p>.05). Conclusion: Both shoulder joint and scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises were effective after the intervention compared to preintervention, but there was no difference between the two groups. Unlike many recent studies on the initiation of stabilization exercises, this study allays the concerns between the advantages of 'early exercise' and oppositions of previous studies about 'early exercise'. Nevertheless, further research regarding these subjects is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-32
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• 2009

This paper is the data analysis of exercise patterns of ESOs and primary factors that influence on their early exercise. ESOs are prematurely exercised soon after the vesting period is over and it is argued that risk aversion, profitability through exercise, firm characteristics and behavioral factors influence on such early exercise patterns. This paper examined 111 previously-exercised stock options that had been granted to 3,267 employees from year 2000 to year 2006, and analyzed the early exercise patterns and their primary factors. The result shows that stock options were exercised approximately 3.15 years after being granted, and 0.37 year after the vesting period was over. Such an early exercise pattern was found to be influenced by risk aversion, profitability and firm characteristics.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of early ankle exercise with functional electrical stimulation(FES) on spasticity, strength and active range of motion of ankle in patients with stroke. Methods: This study included 21 patients with stroke, who were performed early ankle exercise combined FES. The exercise program comprised 5 sessions of 30 minutes per week for 4 weeks. The spasticity, strength and active range of motion of ankle were evaluated before and after training. The spasticity was measured by modified ashworth scale(MAS), strength of ankle was measured by hand-held dynamometer and active range of motion of ankle dorsi-flexion was measured by goniometer. All data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results: Significant differences were observed the subjects for strength of ankle and active range of motion. The results of the study were as follow: strength of ankle was significantly increased subjects(p<.001) and active range of motion was significantly increased subjects(p<.001). Conclusion: Ankle is very important part of body in stroke patients. early ankle exercise with FES is effective for improvement of strength of ankle and active range of motion in patients with stroke. ealry ankle exercise with FES about stroke patient is very useful and effective. It is effective in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-119
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This research was intended to investigate the influence to function recovery at the early stage after surgery, by conducting Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise treatment as early stage medical treatment method for Total knee arthroplasty patients. METHODS: The subject of 30 patients having Unilateral Total knee arthroplasty over age 65, Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise (experiment group I), Conventional Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise (experiment group II) and isometric exercise (control group). The intervention was performed in 5 times per a week and 60 minutes per a day during 4 weeks. We performed research by conducting Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and isometric exercise together and measured pain, range of motion, muscle strength and gait ability before and after intervention. RESULTS: The result showed therapeutic improvement in experiment group I, experiment group II and control group, but Multipath Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise showed significant improvement in function recovery of early stage compared to Conventional Electrical Simulation and isometric exercise, only isometric exercise. CONCLUSION: Based on research result, in order for early state function recovery of Total knee arthroplasty patients, when conducting neuromuscular electrical stimulation and isometric exercise together, especially when applying Multipath Electrical Stimulation, we could know that it showed more significant improvement to function recovery after surgery. Also, we suggest that Multipath Electrical Simulation may become a useful tool as a method for intervention and performing in various diseases for weakening of Quadriceps muscle.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of early muscle strengthening exercise on pain, shoulder function and sleep quality for rotator cuff tear patients. Method : The subjects of this study, partial tear of the rotator cuff diagnosed patients, four patients were picked up, who were agreed with this research. This experiment is comprised two experimental groups, with two control groups. The experimental groups recieved early muscle strengthening exercise for 6 weeks, which consisted of 4 times per week, 40 min of supervised exercise program. The control groups received a general movement treatment of 6 weeks which consisted of 4 times per week, 40 min, Pain, shoulder function and sleep quality measured by VAS, PPT and ROM, CMS, SST and PSQI. Result : In comparison of VAS, PPT and CMS, SST and PSQI was the experimental group showed a more improved. Conclusion : Therefore, early muscle strengthening exercise is useful to improve the pain, shoulder function and sleep quality for rotator cuff tear patients.