• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.5153-5170
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• 2016

The benefit of the scalability and flexibility inherent in cloud computing motivates clients to upload data and computation to public cloud servers. Because data is placed on public clouds, which are very likely to reside outside of the trusted domain of clients, this strategy introduces concerns regarding the security of sensitive client data. Thus, to provide sufficient security for the data stored in the cloud, it is essential to encrypt sensitive data before the data are uploaded onto cloud servers. Although data encryption is considered the most effective solution for protecting sensitive data from unauthorized users, it imposes a significant amount of overhead during the query processing phase, due to the limitations of directly executing operations against encrypted data. Recently, substantial research work that addresses the execution of SQL queries against encrypted data has been conducted. However, there has been little research on top-k join query processing over encrypted data within the cloud computing environments. In this paper, we develop an efficient algorithm that processes a top-k join query against encrypted cloud data. The proposed top-k join processing algorithm is, at an early phase, able to prune unpromising data sets which are guaranteed not to produce top-k highest scores. The experiment results show that the proposed approach provides significant performance gains over the naive solution.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.321-330
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the perception of directors of child-care center about parental education according to types of child-care centers. The subjects were 147 directors of child-care centers who reside in Chungbuk, Sejong, and Jeonbuk. Data were collected through questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18, and frequency analysis, chi-square method and ANOVA method and Tukey test was also used for the posttest. The results of this study are as follows. There was no difference in the recognition of the director about the necessity of the parental education depending on the type of child-care center. There was a difference in the recognition of the directors in relation to subjects of parental education, the execution method, and evaluation area of parent education.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1254-1254
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• 2022

The Multi-family Residential is one of the most famous building types for a rental property in the US. Often times it includes multiple residential buildings and some amenity facilities, including a clubhouse or leasing office, swimming pool, dog park, and garages. Since the building type is built for rental purposes, the construction planning is phased and it makes the project complicated. Detailed planning and execution are important for successful construction management. This paper provides some management practices that are applied to one of the multi-family residential construction projects in Phoenix, AZ. The Front End Planning (FEP) process performed by both owner and contractor is the first key to a successful construction project. Specifically, the early review of phased turnover strategy, grading, fire/Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance, and Mechanical/ Electricity/Plumbing/Technology (MEPT) will provide absolute benefit to the project. Second, using a scheduling method to control short-term schedules and long-term can provide the ability to manage the issues with agility. Third, material delivery and procurement dominate the both project schedule and cost. With this COVID-19 circumstance, it is hard to expect the material, equipment, and labor forces to be delivered on time with the contracted price. Managing floats are more than important to managing construction productivity. Risk management should work to share the risks fairly. Lastly, turnover is directly linked with the profit of the project for both owner and contractor. The communication between the owner and contractor to re-schedule the proper turnover schedule is important for the phased construction project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.321-322
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• 2021

This study is to develop a non-contact construction project management solution that can reduce cost and construction period through on-site information sharing, minimizing contact with others by COVID19, and improving the productivity of the construction industry. Decisions, checklists, and execution rates of construction costs can be checked with smart devices through sharing on-site photos and videos, exchanging opinions. Details and checklist data stored on cloud servers of sites that apply non-face-to-face construction project management solutions will be used as data for analyzing amounts and construction periods depending on the size of the construction. Real-time field information sharing will reduce expected problems and waste factors, expand communication channels with users to prevent or minimize construction disputes and claims, and contribute to the expansion and growth of new research industry markets in construction technology.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.352-358
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• 2013

As amount of information in construction industry is growing, the role of information system in project management is becoming increasingly important. With the emerging IT application to the advancing construction industry, construction project management system with advanced technology has been progressed vigorously to improve construction productivity and management efficiency. Recently, a web-based Project Management Information System (PMIS) is developed to support decision-making process by efficiently managing project related information generated from various discipline. Many firms are in the process of developing the PMIS system or already have been applied the system to various projects. However, PMIS is still in its early stage of development to be applied at industrial plant construction projects that process management is significantly emphasized for the successful execution of the project. With the complexity of the industrial plant projects, the industry practitioners need to be able to visualize the construction schedule information to manage the project efficiently. This study suggests methodologies for improving PMIS specialized for industrial plant piping construction projects to estimate the baseline schedule and performance measurement more accurately by developing a framework for the piping construction projects. By using this developed system, the researchers expect that piping construction projects will be more efficiently managed on a real-time basis through measuring progress of piping at each and every state of progress milestone and provide management with opportunities to forecast the level of efforts required to execute the remaining work scope in a timely manner

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.89-101
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• 2023

In order to prevent damages caused by cyber-attacks on nations, businesses, and other entities, anomaly detection techniques for early detection of attackers have been consistently researched. Real-time reduction and false positive reduction are essential to promptly prevent external or internal intrusion attacks. In this study, we hypothesized that the type and frequency of attack events would influence the improvement of anomaly detection true positive rates and reduction of false positive rates. To validate this hypothesis, we utilized the 2015 login log dataset from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Applying the preprocessed data to representative anomaly detection algorithms, we confirmed that using characteristics that simultaneously consider the type and frequency of attack events is highly effective in reducing false positives and execution time for anomaly detection.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.510-515
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• 2011

Urban renewal projects, in the form of mega-projects, are being actively implemented both nationally and internationally to revitalize inactive cities. These programs, however, are difficult to manage efficiently due to their need for a large budget over a long period of time and due to conflicts with stockholders. Moreover, existing cost and duration management systems are structured with emphasis on the design and construction stage of unit projects, thus limiting their application to long-term mega-projects that are integrated with various facilities. To solve these problems, this study developed a web-based system that can collectively manage the cost and duration of mega-projects at a program level. The unit modules included in the system--CBS organization, construction cost and duration prediction, and total cost and duration prediction--can support decision-making at the early stage of the program. Furthermore, the modules, which include contract management, execution management, change management, and program progress management, support the program operations for its successful accomplishment. The web-based cost and duration management system developed in this study is expected to be used as a valuable tool that supports the successful accomplishment of mega-projects through their efficient management throughout their life cycle.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.613-622
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is currently considered the first-line treatment for the eradication of superficial neoplasms of the esophagus in Eastern countries. However, in the West, particularly in Latin America, the experience with esophageal ESD is still limited because of the high technical complexity required for its execution. This study aimed to present the results of the clinical application of ESD to manage superficial esophageal neoplasms in a Latin American center in over 100 consecutive cases. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic ESD for superficial esophageal neoplasms between 2009 and 2022. The following clinical outcomes were assessed: en bloc, complete, and curative resection rates, local recurrence, adverse events, and procedure-related mortality. Results: Esophageal ESD was performed mainly for squamous cell carcinoma (66.6%), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (17.1%), and adenocarcinoma (11.4%). En bloc and complete resection rates were 96.2% and 81.0%, respectively. The curative resection rate was 64.8%. Adverse events occurred in six cases (5.7%). Endoscopic follow-up was performed for an average period of 29.7 months. Conclusions: ESD performed by trained operators is feasible, safe, and clinically effective for managing superficial neoplastic lesions of the esophagus in Latin America.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.41-59
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• 2022

The timely procurement of military supplies is essential to maintain the military's operational capabilities, and contract work is the first step toward timely procurement. In addition, rapid signing of a contract enables consumers to set a leisurely delivery date and increases the possibility of budget execution, so it is essential to improve the contract process to prevent early execution of the budget and transfer or disuse. Recently, research using big data has been actively conducted in various fields, and process analysis using big data and process mining, an improvement technique, are also widely used in the private sector. However, the analysis of contract work in the military is limited to the level of individual analysis such as identifying the cause of each problem case of budget transfer and disuse contracts using the experience and fragmentary information of the person in charge. In order to improve the contract process, this study analyzed using the process mining technique with data on a total of 560 contract tasks directly contracted by the Department of Finance of the Air Force Logistics Command for about one year from November 2019. Process maps were derived by synthesizing distributed data, and process flow, execution time analysis, bottleneck analysis, and additional detailed analysis were conducted. As a result of the analysis, it was found that review/modification occurred repeatedly after request in a number of contracts. Repeated reviews/modifications have a significant impact on the delay in the number of days to complete the cost calculation, which has also been clearly revealed through bottleneck visualization. Review/modification occurs in more than 60% of the top 5 departments with many contract requests, and it usually occurs in the first half of the year when requests are concentrated, which means that a thorough review is required before requesting contracts from the required departments. In addition, the contract work of the Department of Finance was carried out in accordance with the procedures according to laws and regulations, but it was found that it was necessary to adjust the order of some tasks. This study is the first case of using process mining for the analysis of contract work in the military. Based on this, if further research is conducted to apply process mining to various tasks in the military, it is expected that the efficiency of various tasks can be derived.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.231-243
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• 1998

In the present study, we provide evidence that ginsenoside $Rh_2$ (G-$Rh_2$) as well as staurosporine induces apoptosis of human hepatoma SK-HEP-1 cells by caspase 3-mediated processing of $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ in the early stage of apoptosls. Immunoblottings showed that G-$Rh_2$ as well as statrosporine induced the processing of caspase-3 to an active form, pl7. In stable Bcl-2 transfectants however, G-$Rh_2$ induced DNA fragmentation, while staurosporine did not. In the early stage of apoptosis, $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ was detected to undergo proteolytic processing specifically conducted by caspase-3. $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ translated in vitro was cleaved into a p14 fragment, when incubated with cell extracts obtained from either G-$Rh_2$- or staurosporine-treated cells. Cleavage was equally inhibited in both cases by adding Ac-DEVD-cho, a specific caspase-3 inhibitor, but not by Ac-YVkD-cho, a specific caspase-l inhibitor. Similarly, $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ was efficiently leaved by recombinant caspase-3 overexpressed in E. coli. Moreover, the endogenous $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ of untreated-cell extracts was also cleaved by recombinant caspase-3. Mutation analysis allowed identification of two caspase-3 cleavage sites, $DHVD^{112}$/L and $SMTD^{149}$/F, which are located within, or near the interaction domains for cyclins, Cdks, and PCNA. Taken together, these results show that G-$Rh_2$ as well as staurosporine increases caspase-3 activity, which in turn directly cleaves $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ resulting in elevation of Cdk kinase activity in the early stages of apoptosis. We propose that proteolytic cleavage of $p21^{WAFI/CIPI}$ is a functionally relevant event that allows unleashing the cyclin/Cdk activity from the inhibitor seen in the earlier stage of apoptosis, the event of which may be associated with the triggering mechanism for the execution of apoptosis.