• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 내분비계 장애물질의 영향 및 생태계 건강성의 스크리닝 평가를 위해 미꾸리를 지표종으로 선정하여 대조지점(RA)과 농업지점(AS)에서 biomarker 4가지 항목과 bioindicator 4가지 항목을 포함하여 총 8가지 항목의 생물지표를 분석하였다. 생태계 건강성 평가를 위한 생물지표의 분석 결과 독성 화학물질의 영향을 나타내는 ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD), acetylcholinesterase(AChE) 및 DNA damage 등의 생화학적 생물지표는 대조지점(RA)에 비해 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 내분비계 장애물질의 영향을 반영하는 vitellogenin(VTG)는 농업지점(AS)에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고, 개체수준의 생물지표(condition factor (CF), hepato-somatic index (HSI), gonado-somatic index (GSI)) 또한 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 농업지점(AS)의 생태계 건강성은 내분비계 장애물질에 의한 영향은 미비한 것으로 판단되었으나, 농약, 중금속 등과 같은 독성을 보이는 화학물질이나 농업 지역의 특수성에 따른 서식지 환경 조건에 의해 일부 영향을 받은 것으로 사료되었다. 본 연구는 생화학적 생물지표와 개체수준의 생물지표를 이용한 스크리닝 평가로서 농업지역에 대한 종합적인 생태계 건강성 평가를 위해서는 생물지표 적용 항목을 확대하고, 개체군이나 군집 수준의 분석이 추가적으로 적용 되어야 하며 수생태계 내의 추정 오염물질에 대한 분석이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2012

This study evaluated ecological health, using various biomarkers and bioindicators, of pale chub (Zacco platypus) as a sentinel species, in Daejeon Stream, South Korea, during AprilMay 2011. The biomarkers and bioindicators were compared among three sites of control: Reference ($C_z$), transition ($T_z$), and the urban zones ($U_z$); and the 7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, DNA damage, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations were more significantly increased in the $U_z$ than in the $C_z$. Also, physiological markers such as condition factor, liver somatic index, visceral somatic index, and gonad somatic index were significantly increased in the $U_z$ than in the $C_z$. For the health assessments, three categorized parameters of blood chemistry, molecular biomarkers, and physiological bioindicators were standardized and calculated as a star-plot, representing values of Integrated Health Response (IHR). Values of IHR had more significant (P<0.05) increases in the $U_z$ than any other zones, indicating an impairment of ecological health by organic matter, nutrients (N, P), and toxic chemicals. This study is based on low levels of biological organization approach of molecular and physiological biomarkers and bioindicators, so further study of high-levels of biological organization approach such as community and population is required for overall range of health assessments. The approach of IHR values, however, may be useful in providing early warning of future impacts on ecological health.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.195-195
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• 2003

It is well known that diesel exhaust particulate matter contains mutagenic PAHs, such as benzo[${\alpha}$]pyrene, benz[${\alpha}$]anthracene, chrysene, etc. Therefore it is suspected that these chemicals act on estrogen receptor and reveal endocrine-disrupting effects. Recent attention has focused on causative chemicals of endocrine-disrupting effects. We examined the estrogenic activity of respirable diesel exhaust particulate matter derived from diesel powered vehicle. PM2.5 diesel exhaust of vehicle was collected using a high volume sampler equipped with a cascade impactor. Diesel exhaust samples were fractionated according to EPA methods. The presence of estrogenic and antiestrogenic chemicals in PM 2.5 diesel exhaust was determined using E-screen assay. To quantitatively assess the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities in diesel exhaust particulate matter, estradiol equivalent concentration (bio-EEQ) was calculated by comparing the concentration response curve of the sample with those of the estrogen calibration curve. Weak estrogenic activities and strong antiestrogenic activities were detected in the crude extract and moderately polar fractions. Higher antiestrogenic potency was observed with higher EROD activities in aliphatic and aromatic compounds fraction. In conclusion, estrogenic/antiestrogenic-like activities were present in diesel exhaust particulate matter. However, the health consequences of this observation was unknown, the presence of these activities may contribute to and exacerbate adverse health effect evoked by diesel exhaust particulate matter.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.193-193
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• 2003

Recent industrial society has human widely exposed to PAHs that are coming from the incomplete combustion of organic material as widespread environmental contaminants. Biological activities of PAHs are not known although PAHs are considered as carcinogens. The mechanism of action of PAHs has been studied extensively, however it is not clear how PAHs turn on CYPlAl in human breast cancer, Our laboratory have been studied the effect of PAHs in the human breast cancer cells, MCF-7. In this study, we examined the ZR-75-1, human breast cancer cells, as a new system to evaluate bioactivity of PAHs and to compare the PAHs action with that of MCF-7 cells. ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell line is responsible to estrogen and progesterone. We have been able to establish long term culture system of this cells then used for the study to the effect of 13 different PAHs and environmental samples. We demonstrate that PAHs induced the CYP1A1 promoter and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in a concentration-dependent manner. RT-PCR analysis indicated that PAHs significantly up-regulate the level of CYP1A1 mRNA. Some of PAHs showed stronger stimulatory effect on CYP1 gene expression than TCDD Apparently, ZR-75-1 cells have Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR), therefore it would be a good experimental tool to study the cross-talk between PAHs and steroid actions.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2002년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.171-171
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• 2002

Recent industrial society has human widely exposed to PAHs that are comming from the incomplete combustion of organic material as widerspread environmetal contaminants. Biological activities of PAHs are not known although PAHs are considered as carcinogens. PAHs in the mammalian cells affect CYP1A1 gene expression as well as other phase II drug metabolizing enzymes as UDPGT, NMOR etc. The mechanism of action of PAHs has been studied extensively, however it is not clear how PAHs turn on CYP1A1 in human breast cancer. Our labolatory have been studied the effect of PAHs in the human breast cancer cell lind MCF7. In this study, we examined the ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cells as a new system to evaluate bioactivity of PAHs. ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell line has been estabilished from the breast cnacer patient, has estrogen receptors and progesteron receptors. We have been able to estbilish long term culture system of this cells then used for the study to observe the effect of PAHs. We demonstrate that PAHs induced the transcription of an aryl hydrocarbon-responsive reporter vector containing the CYP1A1 promoter and 7-ethoxyresolufin O-deethylase(EROD) activity of CYP1A1 enzyme in a concentration-dependant manner. RT-PCR analysises indicated that PAHs significantly up-regulate the constitutive level of CYP1A1 mRNA. Apparently, ZR-75-1 cells have Aryl hydrocarbon recetors, therefore it would be good experimental tool to study the cross-talk between PAHs and steroid actions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.88-94
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• 1999

이 연구는 DMF에 의한 간독성 기전을 알아보기 위하여, 대사과정에서 중요한 역할을 하는 이물질 대사효소와 그와 관련된 효소가 어떠한 변화를 보이는가를 알아보았다. 이 연구에 사용된 동물은 Sprague Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐로 DMF를 체중 kg당 0(Control), 450 (D1), 900 (D2), 1,800 (D3) mg을 1일 l회씩 3일간 연속하여 복강주사하였다. 마지막 투여 후 24시간 후에 실험동물로부터 간장의 microsome을 분리하였고, P450 동위효소의 유도와 P450의존성 촉매 효소의 활성도 변화를 관찰하였다. 연구결과, DMF를 투여한 실험군이 대조군보다 microsomal 단백질 함량이 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았지만 낮은 수치를 보였다. P450과 b5 함량 역시 대조군과 투여군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 대사과정에서 어떠한 전자전달계가 주로 관여하는지를 알아보았는데, NADPH-P450 reductase의 경우 대조군보다 투여군이 투여용량이 증가함에 따라 활성도가 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.01). NADH-b5 reductase의 활성도 의 경우는 대조군보다 투여군이 감소하여(p<0.01), 전자전달이 주로 NADPHP-450 reductase에 의해 이루어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 활성도 측정에서는 EROD 와 PROD 활성도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 pNPH 활성도는 처리군에서 현저한 증가가 관찰되었다(p<0.01). 또한 P4501A1/2, P4502B1/2 및 P4502E1에 대한 단세포군 항제를 이용한 Western immunoblot 분석에서 P4502E1 단백질 의 양이 현저하게 증가하였다. 이 상의 결과를 보면, DMF에 의해서 P4502E1 형태의 동위효소가 유도되며, 유도된 P4502E1 동위효소가 DMF의 대사에 관여하는 것으로 보인다.