• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.477-480
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• 2003

We investigated the electro-optical (EO) performances of the super twisted nematic liquid crystal display (STN-LCD) on the polyimide (PI) surface using polymer film. Monodomain alignment of the plastic STN-LCD can be observed. A stable voltage-transmittance (V-T) curve of the plastic STN-LCD was observed on the polyimide (PI) surfaces using polymer film. Also, a faster response time for the plastic STN-LCD on the polyimide (PI) surfaces using polymer film can be achieved. However, the transmittance of the plastic STN-LCD on the polyimide (PI) surfaces using polymer film decreased greatly as cell gap decreases.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the electro-optical (EO) characteristic of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode cell by the ion beam alignment method on the a-C:H thin film. The suitable inorganic thin films for FFS cell and the aligning capabilities of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) using the new alignment material of a-C:H thin film were studied. An excellent voltage-transmittance (V-T) and response time curve of the ion beam aligned FFS-LCD was observed with oblique ion beam exposure on the a-C:H thin films. Also, the V-T hysteresis characteristics of the ion beam-aligned FFS-LCD with IB exposure on the a-C:H thin films is almost the same as that of the rubbing-aligned FFS cell on a polyimide surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.506-509
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• 2004

We have investigated the generation of pretilt angle for a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with in-situ photoalignment method on polyimide (PI) surfaces using thin plastic substrates. The LC aligning capabilities and pretilt angle of the thin plastic substrates by in-situ photoalignment method were better than that of the glass substrate by general photoalignment. Also, the LC pretilt angle increased with increasing heating temperature and exposure time. And EO characteristics of photoaligned TN-LCDs using in-situ photodissociation method on glass substrate and on plastic substrate are also excellent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.330-330
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• 2008

It is widely investigated to liquid crystal (LC) alignment using non-contact alignment method such as ion-beam (IB) irradiation, UV alignment, and oblique deposition. Because conventional rubbing method has some drawbacks. These include defects from dust and electrostatic charges and rubbing scratch during rubbing process. In addition, rubbing method needs additional process to remove these defects. Therefore rubbing-free methods like ion-beam irradiation are strongly required. We studied LC alignment effect on poly imide surface by IB irradiation and electro-optical (EO) characteristics of twisted nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD). In this experiment, a good uniform alignment of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) with the ion-beam exposure on the polyimide (PI) (SE-150 from Nissan Chemical) surface was observed. We also achieved low pretilt angle as a function of ion-beam irradiation intensity. In addition, it can be obtained the good EO properties of the IB-aligned TN-LCD on PI surface. Some other experiments results and discussion will be included in the poster.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2006

Because of the phenological variation of vegetation growth in temperate region, it is often difficult to accurately assess the surface conditions of agricultural croplands, grasslands, and disturbed forests by multi-spectral remote sensor data. In particular, the spectral similarity between soil and dry vegetation has been a primary problem to correctly appraise the surface conditions during the non-growing seasons in temperature region. This study analyzes the spectral characteristics of the mixture of dry vegetation and soil. The reflectance spectra were obtained from laboratory spectroradiometer measurement (GER-2600) and from EO-1 Hyperion image data. The reflectance spectra of several samples having different level of dry vegetation fractions show similar pattern from both lab measurement and hyperspectral image. Red-edge near 700nm and shortwave IR near 2,200nm are more sensitive to the fraction of dry vegetation. The use of hyperspectral data would allow us for better separation between bare soils and other surfaces covered by dry vegetation during the leaf-off season.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.158-171
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• 2016

The observation and analysis results of 9 glass bead samples collected from Oc Eo site in Vietnam, an outport of the ancient port city Funan in East Asia, are as follows. The type of glass beads is round, the colors are reddish brown, greenish blue, green, black and purplish blue, and the chemical composition is soda glass group. This means that they are similar in type, color and chemical compositions to glass beads from the ancient Korean peninsula. There are limitations in data because the glass beads are not from excavation investigation but from earth surface investigation. But it is significant that similar making technique and chemical composition are being observed in both the glass beads from Oc Eo and those of Korea. According to "Nihon Shoki" Kinmeiki, Baekje king sent Funan's goods and 2 slaves to Japan in 543. It is clear that there were direct or indirect exchanges between Baekje and Funan. The possibility has grown that glass beads could be included among goods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2008

To date, rubbing has been widely used to align LC molecules uniformly. Although rubbing can be simple, it has fundamental problems such as the generation of defects by dust and static electricity, and difficulty in achieving a uniform LC alignment on a large substrate. Therefore, non contact alignment has been investigated. Ion beam induced alignment method, which provides controllability, nonstop process, and high resolution display. In this study, we investigated liquid crystal (LC) alignment with ion beam (IB) that non contact alignment technique on polyimide and electro-optical characteristics of twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) on the polyimide under various ion beam angles. In this experiment, Polyimide layer was coated on glass by spin-coating and Voltage-transmittance(VT) and response time characteristics of the TN cell were measured by a LCD evaluation system. The good characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with the ion beam exposure polyimide surface was observed. The tilt angle of NLC on the PI surface with ion beam exposure can be measured under $1^{\circ}$ for all of irradiation angles. In addition, it can be achieved the good EO properties, and residual DC property of the ion beam aligned TN cell on polyimide surface.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2017

The IR signal entering into a sensor is composed of the following components: the self-emitted component directly from the object surface, the reflected components of the solar and sky irradiance at the object surface, and the scattered component by the atmosphere without reference to any object surfaces. The self-emitted and reflected components from the object can be lowered by the atmospheric layer between the object and the IR sensor. The principle factors influencing the atmospheric transmittance are the air temperature, the relative humidity and the observation distance. Previous studies on IR signal transmission through the atmosphere are focused on uniform atmospheric conditions and the non-uniform nature of the atmosphere was not properly treated in modeling. In this study, we use the local atmospheric transmittance to simulate the non-uniform atmosphere in analyzing the IR signal from the object surface. The results show that the nonuniform analysis of the atmosphere becomes more important as the wavelength of IR signal increases.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.486-492
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the men's costumes of the ruling class of the Heian period by studying the costumes demonstrated in the ${\ll}$Won-si-mul-eo-heo-gwon${\gg}$, a picture album of the Heian period. The findings of this study are as follows. The costumes shown in the ${\ll}$Won-si-mul-eo-heo-gwon${\gg}$, can be classified into two types. One of the types is the costumes that were newly made in the Heian period such as Jik-eui, Su-eui, Ha-seub, Sok-dae-jang-sok. The other type, period including Omoja, Ji-gwan, Pyo-go is the costumes that were made by modifying the costumes of the previous. The costumes of the Heian period were evolved into a new type of outfit by changing the way of wearing them, their form, and their color. The costumes became various in types, became bigger in form, and used various colors. As a result, the costumes of the Heian period were developed into more colorful and fancier compared to those of the previous period. The costumes of the Heian period can be interpreted as japanized-embracing and japanizing the culture of the continent-costumes of the previous period rather than as simply copying the costumes of the continent. The driving force of this phenomenon can be analyzed as the effect of japanization that was widespread in the culture in general of the Heian period. This japanization made it possible to create peculiar and genuine costumes of the Heian period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.1054-1057
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• 2004

The nitrogenated diamond-like carbon (NDLC) exhibits high electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity that are similar to the properties shown by diamond-like carbon (DLC) films. These diamond-like transparent properties in NDLC come in a material consisting of $sp^2$-bonded carbon versus the $sp^3$-carbon of DLC. The diamond-like properties and nondiamond-like bonding make NDLC an attractive candidate for applications. Liquid crystal (LC) alignment capabilities with ion beam exposure on NDLC thin films and electro-optical (EO) performances of the ion-beam-aligned twisted nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD) with oblique ion beam exposure on the NDLC thin film surface were studied. An excellent uniform alignment of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with the ion beam exposure on the NDLC thin films was observed. In addition, it can be achieved that the good EO properties of the ion-beam-aligned TN-LCD. Finally, we will present the residual DC property of the ion-beam-aligned TN-LCD on the NDLC thin film surface.