• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 1995

Seventeen transformation-deficient mutants of streptococcus pneumoniae, which are defective in competence induction (com), DNA uptake(ent) of recombination(rec), were investigated to determine sensitivity to ethylmethane sulfonate(EMS), methylmethane sulfonate(MMS), UV and mitomycin C. In ethylmethane sulfonate assay, the viability of most $com^-, \; rec^-\; and ent^-$ mutants was decreased about 2-10 times and the viability of ent-9 and ent-13 mutant was decreased about 33 and 25 times, respectively. On the other hand only half of the transformation-deficient mutants tested was sensitive to methylmethane sulfonate about 2 times and ent-12 mutant was sensitive to 2.0% MMS about 8 times. After UV and mitomycin C treatment, most of the mutants are not sensitive to UV and mitomycin C, although the viability of some transformation-deficient mutants was decreased slightly. Especially none of the com mutants were sensitive to DNA damage suggesting that competence is not involved in DNA repair. Also DNA uptake and recombination gane might be related to DNA repair function.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.288-299
• /
• 2018

Food bio preservation is of major interest in the food industry. Many types of antimicrobial compounds can be produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including bacteriocins. Bacteriocins increase the shelf-life of food by decreasing some food-borne diseases. In this study, a multi-coding sequence of bacteriocin genes was used for primer design to produce bacteriocin genes in Enterococcus faecium AH2 strain and Pediococcus pentosaceus AH1. Multi-coding sequences were aligned to detect conserved sequences in the bacteriocin gene. Eight genes encoding proteins involved in bacteriocin production were isolated and sequenced, including six from E. faecium AH2 (entA, entI, entF, entR, orfA2, orfA3) and two from P. pentoceseus AH1 (papA, pedB), and all gene sequences were deposited in the Gen Bank database under accession numbers LC064146-LC064151, LC101300, and LC101789, respectively. P. pentosaceus AH1 and E. faecium AH2 strains displayed bacteriocin activities of $2610AU\;mL^{-1}$ and $690AU\;mL^{-1}$ and inhibition zones of 26 mm and 19 mm, respectively. Overexpression of entA in E. faecium AH2 increased the bacteriocin and antimicrobial activities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.731-734
• /
• 2003

Five known kaurane type diterpenoids, 16$\alpha$H, 17-isovaleryloxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (1), 16$\alpha$-hydroxy-17-isovaleryloxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (2), paniculoside-IV (3), 16$\alpha$-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (4), and ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (5) were isolated from the root of Acanthopanax koreanum by repeated column chromatography and reversed phase preparative HPLC. The structures of these compounds were established from physicochemical and spectral data. Among the isolated compounds 16$\alpha$H, 17-isovaleryloxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (1) showed potent inhibitory activity ($IC_50$ value, 16.2 $\mu$ M) on TNF-$\alpha$ secretion from HMC-1, a trypsin-stimulated human leukemic mast cell line.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 2019

The characteristics of extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibromas tend to be different from angiofibromas of the nasopharynx according to patient gender, patient age, prevalence, affected site, pathogenesis, and clinical and epidemiological features. We report a case of an extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in a 28-year-old man referred to the ENT Clinic for right-sided epistaxis, airflow impairment and nasal swelling. The right nostril was completely occluded works by a reddish-yellow mass that bled easily. The computed tomography scan revealed an "inhomogeneous solid lesion in the nasal fossa". With the patient under general anesthesia, the formation in the anterior portion of the right side of the nasal septum was removed up to its vascular base. Although electrical cauterization efficiently controlled the bleeding, we abraded the sub-perichondral area to prevent further bleeding as well as recurrence. The histological exam report confirmed the diagnosis of angiofibroma. As in our case, epistaxis is commonly the presenting sign of angiofibroma. Yet its onset was peculiar, given that the bleeding started with a low impact trauma. The nasal swelling was also a relevant feature as well as the breathing impairment. Although uncommon, nasal septal angiofibromas should considered in patients with epistaxis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.467-470
• /
• 2006

Bioactivity directed isolation has led to the isolation of (-)-ent-costunolide (1) as the major active compound. This compound (1) inhibited the growth of the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (4 mm inhibition zone at $15\;{\mu}g/disc$).

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.14-18
• /
• 1997

Two new diterpenoids, orientalin A (1), and B (2), have been isolated together with six known compounds, kirenol (3), $ent-16{\beta},17-dihydroxykauran-19-oic$ acid (4), $ent-16{\beta},17-dihydroxykauran-19-oic$ $acid-16{\beta},l7-acetonide$ (5), $3,7-dimethylquercetin$ (6), ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (7), and daucosterol (8) from the ethanol extract of Siegesbeckia orientalis (Compositae). Their chemical structures have been elucidated as $ent-15-acetoxy-2{\alpha},16,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-ene$ (1), $ent-16-acetoxy-2{\alpha},15,19-trihydroxypimar-8(14)-ene$ (2), respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.175-178
• /
• 2006

An acidic ent-cyclic peroxide was isolated from a sponge, Plakotis sp., and showed activity against leishmaniasis and pathogenic fungi. To improve the activity of this compound, we coupled the acidic ent-cyclic at the C1 position of ircinol A. Compound 3 exhibited significant activity against Leishmania mexican a and fungi with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.7 and $0.3-34{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The yield of compound 3 was 98%.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 1998

Examination of the chemical constituents of the dried leaves of Isodon eriocalyx (Dunn.) Hara led to the isolation of four new diterpenoids, named maoecrystal Q-T (1-4). Their structures were elucidated as $16(R)-methoxymethyl-6{\beta},\;7{\beta}-dihydroxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-2,3-ethenylene-1$, 15-dione(1), $1{\beta},18-diacetoxy-6{\beta},7{\beta}-dihydroxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one\;(2),\;6{\beta},\;7{\beta}-dihydroxy-15{\beta}-acetoxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-1-one$ (3) and $7{\beta}-hydroxy-6{\beta},15{\beta}-diacetoxy-1{\alpha},11{\beta}-acetonide-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-ene$ (4), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Meanwhile, five known diterpeonids eriocalyxin B (5), maoecrystal B-D (6-8) and trichokaurin (9) were also obtained.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.589-600
• /
• 2020

Effective conservation and management of protected areas require monitoring the settlement of invasive alien species and reducing their dispersion capacity. We simulated the potential distribution of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) using three representative species distribution models (Bioclim, GLM, and MaxEnt) based on the IAPS distribution in the forest genetic resource reserve (2,274ha) in Uljin-gun, Korea. We then selected the realistic and suitable species distribution model that reflects the local region and ecological management characteristics based on the simulation results. The simulation predicted the tendency of the IAPS distributed along the linear landscape elements, such as roads, and including some forest harvested area. The statistical comparison of the prediction and accuracy of each model tested in this study showed that the GLM and MaxEnt models generally had high performance and accuracy compared to the Bioclim model. The Bioclim model calculated the largest potential distribution area, followed by GLM and MaxEnt in that order. The Phenomenological review of the simulation results showed that the sample size more significantly affected the GLM and Bioclim models, while the MaxEnt model was the most consistent regardless of the sample size. The optimal model overall for predicting the distribution of IAPS among the three models was the MaxEnt model. The model selection approach based on detailed flora distribution data presented in this study is expected to be useful for efficiently managing the conservation areas and identifying the realistic and precise species distribution model reflecting local characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.302-303
• /
• 2005