• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2001

Erwinia amylovora causes a devastating disease called fire blight in rosaceous trees and shrubs such as apple, pear, and raspberry. To successfully infect its hosts, the pathogen requires a set of clustered genes termed hrp. Studies on the hrp system of E. amylovora indicated that it consists of three functional classes of genes. Regulation genes including hrpS, hrpS, hrpXY, and hrpL produce proteins that control the expression of other genes in the cluster. Secretion genes, many of which named hrc, encode proteins that may form a transmembrane complex, which is devoted to type III protein secretion. Finally, several genes encode the proteins that are delivered by the protein secretion apparatus. They include harpins, DspE, and other potential effector proteins that may contribute to proliferation of E. amylovora inside the hosts. Harpins are glycine-rich heat-stable elicitors of the hypersensitive response, and induce systemic acquired resistance. The pathogenicity protein DseE is homologous and functionally similar to an avirulence protein of Pseudomonas syringae. The region encompassing the hrpldsp gene cluster of E. amylovora shows features characteristic of a genomic island : a cryptic recombinase/integrase gene and a tRNA gene are present at one end and genes corresponding to those of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome are found beyond the region. This island, designated the Hrp pathogenicity island, is more than 60 kilobases in size and carries as many as 60 genes.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.550-558
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• 1988

This paper presents laplacian pyramid vector quantization (LPVQ) approach in which a vector quantizer is used to encode a series of quasi-bandpassed images generated by the laplacian pyramid processing. Performance of the LPVQ is compared to those of DCT domain methods at the same bit rate via computer simulations. Experimental results show that the PSNR's (peak signal-to-noise ratio) for the LPVQ are almost the same as those of the DCT based methods. However, subjective study indicates the LPVQ obtains slightly higher scores than the DCT based techniques.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.613-615
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• 2009

We propose a pilot-based coding (PBC) scheme for lossless bit rate reduction of parametric stereo (PS) in enhanced aacPlus. It uses PBC in addition to the existing frequency and time differential coding to encode and decode PS parameter indexes. We also design optimal Huffman codebooks (HCBs) for PBC in the proposed scheme. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is superior to the original coding scheme, where both the new coding structure and the optimal HCBs contribute to the bit rate reduction.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.97-100
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• 2000

This paper presents a new approach to the vertex based shape coding technique. The conventional approaches encode objects using a spline method with the same distortion coefficients. The proposed approach, however, classifies the objects based on the object's features, and then applies different distortion values depending on the classified object types. Using this pre-classifying technique, this paper reduces the bit rate and the computational complexity necessary for the encoding process. The performance of the proposed method has been proved by experiments on the various sample Images.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2003

Our previous studies of both microarray analysis in channel catfish muscle gene expression of 2 different ages and channel catfish muscle expressed sequence tag profiles demonstrated parvalbumin beta is one of the highly expressed muscle transcriptome. We have cloned and sequenced complementary DNA encoding the channel catfish parvalbumin which encode 109 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequences of the catfish parvalbumin are highly conserved with those cloned from other teleosts. The availability of the catfish parvalbumin provides the opportunity of studying fish epitopes.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1027-1030
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• 1999

Recently many efforts on the development of automatic processing system for delivery sequence sorting have been performed in ETRI, which requires the use of postal 4 state bar code system to encode delivery points. This paper addresses the issue on the reduction of reading error in postal 4 state raster beam based bar code reader by adjusting measured values of bar code width to its average value over each interval. The test results show that the above method reduces the average reading error rate approximately by 90-100%.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(3)
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• pp.47-50
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• 2000

Recently many efforts on the development of automatic processing system for delivery sequence sorting have been performed in ETRI , which requires the use of postal 4-state bar code system to encode delivery points. The 4-state bar code called postal 4-state bar code for high speed processing that has been specifically designed for information processing of logistics and automatic processing of the mail items. This paper describes a method of Reed-Solomon encoding for creating error correction codeword of 4-state bar code.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.777-792
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• 2020

We introduce the fractal expansions, sequences of integers associated to a number. We show that these sequences characterize the O-sequences and encode some information about lex segment ideals. Moreover, we introduce numerical functions called fractal functions, and we use them to solve the open problem of the classification of the Hilbert functions of any bigraded algebra.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -3
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• pp.1507-1510
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a sequential mesh cod- ing algorithm using the vertex pedigree based on the wave partitioning. After a mesh model is partitioned into several small processing blocks (SPB) using wave partitioning, we obtain vertices for each SPB along circumferences defined by outer edges of the attached triangles. Once all the vertices within each circumference are arranged into one line, we can encode mesh models

• 미생물과산업
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.2-9
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• 1991

All of four genes are cloned and DNA sequence analysis have now revealed that these four genes encode a family of proteins with similar amino acid sequence. These proteins show no extensive similarities to any known proteins (Haarer et al., 1991). Among them, CDC3 gene is fused with E. coli lacZ and trpE genes and antibodies against the CDC3 gene product are produced. These antibodies are used to check the localization of this product to the vicinity of the 10 -nm filaments in the mother-bud neck.