• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.1642-1649
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• 2007

The lumped element isolators with temperature compensation magnetic circuits were designed in this paper. Isolators for mobile repeater at each band of K-PCS, GSM1900, W-CDMA, WiBro were fabricated by using optimum parameters of EM simulation, Form the results of this study, first of all, insertion loss at K-PCS band was below 0.2 dB and return loss was over 25dB. The bandwidth in isolation 23dB was found 30 MHz. Secondly, the figures of both losses at GSM1900 were 0.25dB and 23dB, respectively. The measured bandwidth in isolation 30dB was 60MHz. Thirdly, the losses at W-CDMA band were 0.15dB and 25dB. The bandwidth in isolation 24.8dB was found 60Mhz. Finally, the figures of both losses at Wibro band were 0.25dB and 23dB, respectively. The measured bandwidth in isolation 22.1dB was 100Mhz. In addition, the results of measured IMD were shown from 76.4dBc to 80.1dBc.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.328-331
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• 2009

The white flowered 'Eorayeon 2ho' is a cultivar of Lilium ${\times}$ formolonga developed in Department of Horticultural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea. $F_1$ hybrid LA-77 was selected from the cross between a selected selting line($S_3$) of L. longiflorum 'Lorina' and a selfing line($S_3$) of L. ${\times}$ formolonga 'Augusta' in 2000. The $F_1$ hybrid LA-77 was backcrossed by a selected line of L. ${\times}$ far molonga 'Raizan No. 1' from 2001 to 2002. 'MF-No.2' was preliminarily selected for its upward flowering habit and high plant height. The evaluation of characteristics was investigated from 2003 to 2004 in Chuncheon and Yungweol, Kangwon province. 'Eorayeon 2ho' blooms in early July at outside, with high resistance to Botrytis and showing upward flowering habit. The plant height is 132.6 cm and the percentage of seed germination is 95.3%. Mean tepal length and width are 16.0 em and 4.3 cm, respectively. The length and width of leaf is 12.3 and 3.2 cm, respectively. This seed propagating cultivar shows high plant height suitable for a cut flower.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.220-228
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• 2022

Objective: glucometer is one of POCT(point-of-care testing) devices used by EMS. Accurate measurement value is important for patient decision making. Quality control is necessary for this, but most EMS are still using glucometer without quality control it. Therefore, management status and quality control status of glucometers used by 119 paramedics waswere investigated. Methods: 6 and 8 of glucometers and blood glucose test strips were submitted from 4 safety centers in 2010 and 8 safety centers in 2012, respectively. Glucometers submitted by local safety centers were analyzed in 2010 and 2012. The control glucometer, which was well managed at A University Hospital, was assumed to be accurate for at blood glucose measurement. Glucose values of various quality control materials control solutions were measured and analyzed using linear regression and Pearson's correlation test. Error rates were obtained via error tolerance range required by the 2011 ISO(International Organization for Standardization) guideline. For statistics, Excel and MedCalC programs were used. Results: mong 14 safety centers in the region, 4 centers(28.5%) in 2010 and 8 centers(57.1%) in 2012 submitted 6 and 8 glucometers. In the first evaluation in 2010, 2 out of 6(33.3%) glucometers were untestable due to error, and 45 out of 6(66.683.3%) blood glucose test strips' validity were expired. In the second evaluation in 2012, 1 out of 8(13.5%) glucometers were untestable due to lack of battery, and 2 out of 8(25%) blood glucose test strips' validity were expired. All correlation coefficients were above 0.989 in 2010 and above 0.997 in 2012. Error rates were generally high when using expired blood glucose test strips. Conclusion: Among 119 paramedics' guideline, quantity and operation status of POCT devices are well managed, but quality control is not. Therefore, it is necessary to add management status and quality control status of POCT devices to the EMS' field work guideline.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2008

This study estimated the genetic parameters and breeding values for the growth-related traits of the 1st generation produced in 2005. The heritability of body weight, total length, body height, body shape and condition factor of 180 days old olive flounders Paralichthys olivaceus, the 1st generation of selection, was estimated as 0.564, 0.590, 0.588, 0.306 and 0.332, respectively. And reproductivity of genetic evaluation for crossing superior flounders and inferior ones was tested using the subsequent generation produced in 2006 based on the breeding values of 1st generation. In the least-squares means of body weight and total length for each group of crossing, the values of crossing group between superior flounders ($S{\times}S$) showed $145.6{\pm}1.8\;g$ and $22.4{\pm}0.1\;cm$, respectively. The values of crossing group between superior and inferior flounders ($S{\times}I$) showed $133.2{\pm}2.5\;g$ and $22.1{\pm}0.1\;cm$, respectively. The values of crossing group between inferior flounders ($I{\times}I$) showed $114.0{\pm}2.1\;g$ and $21.08{\pm}0.12\;cm$, respectively. In the results, flounders are determined as appropriate selective breeding fish with the high heritability of flounders in early ages at 180 days old, and the reproductivity of genetic evaluation was also high.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to determine effects of $\beta$-mercaptoethanol ($\beta$-ME) and cyst-eine (CYS) on the development of bovine em-bryos obtained from in vitro matured and fertil-ized oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COC-s) were matured in micro-drop of TCM-199 medium containing 10% FBS, 17$\beta$-Estradiol and FSH-p under paraffin oil at 39$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hrs. The fertilization of COC were induced in Fert-TALP medium supplemented with PHE, heparin, BSA and then the fertilized oocytes were cultured in CR1aa medium for 24 hrs. To investigate the effects of the agents on the development of the embryos, the embryos developed to the late 2-cell stage were cultured in the media with and without $\beta$-ME, CYS for 9 days. In experiment 1, to select appropriate concentration of $\beta$-ME and CYS during whole culture period (9 days), various concentrations of $\beta$-ME and CYS were add ded to the CR1aa medium. Addition of 25TEX>$\mu$M of $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS to the culture medium 1 increase the incidence of embryos developed to the blastocyst. In experiment 2, we evaluated the effects of 25$\mu$M of $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS addition on the blastocyst formation when emb bryos at different stages were exposed to 25$\mu$M $\beta$-ME and O.1mM of CYS. $\beta$-ME and CYS enhanced in vitro development of embryos to the blastocyst stage. The effect was greater in 8-ceII to morula embryos than in embryos fewer than 2-cells at the initiation of treatment. These results suggested that the addition of 25$\mu$M B-ME and O.1mM cysteine enhanced development to the blastocyst and hatching stage of in vitro derived bovine embryos, also addition of $\beta$-ME and cysteine were effective later stage embryo than early embryo development.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 2005

Geological sequestration of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is one of the most effective strategies far long-term removal of greenhouse gas from atmosphere. This paper reviews three projects for the $CO_2$ sequestration in geological formation. A unique $CO_2$ injection into a marine aquifer has been successfully monitored with repeated surface seismic measurements in the North Sea Sleipner West field. The seismic images reveal the extent and internal shape of the $CO_2$ bubble. Massive miscible $CO_2$ has been injected into a complex fractured carbonate reservoir at the Weyburn oil filed. High-resolution time-lapse P-wave data were successfully obtained to map the features of $CO_2$ movements within the two thin zones of different lithology. From the time-lapse crosswell EM imaging at the Lost Hills oil field in central California, U.S.A., the replacement of brine with $CO_2$ has been confirmed through a decrease of conductivity. The conductivity image was successfully compared with induction logs observed in the two wells.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.169-181
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• 2016

This work presents a new method for enhancing the performance of a dual band Planer Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) and its lumped equivalent circuit formulation. The performance of a PIFA in terms of return loss, bandwidth, gain, and efficiency is improved with the addition of the proposed open stub in the radiating element of the PIFA without disturbing the operating resonance frequencies of the antenna. In specific cases, various simulated and fabricated PIFA models illustrate that the return loss, bandwidth, gain, and efficiency values of antennas with longer optimum open stub lengths can be enhanced up to 4.6 dB, 17%, 1.8 dBi, and 12.4% respectively, when compared with models that do not have open stubs. The proposed open stub is small and does not interfere with the surrounding active modules; therefore, this method is extremely attractive from a practical implementation point of view. The second presented work is a simple procedure for the development of a lumped equivalent circuit model of a dual band PIFA using the rational approximation of its frequency domain response. In this method, the PIFA's measured frequency response is approximated to a rational function using a vector fitting technique and then electrical circuit parameters are extracted from it. The measured results show good agreement with the electrical circuit results. A correlation study between circuit elements and physical open stub lengths in various antenna models is also discussed in detail; this information could be useful for the enhancement of the performance of a PIFA as well as for its systematic design. The computed radiated power obtained using the electrical model is in agreement with the radiated power results obtained through the full wave electromagnetic simulations of the antenna models. The presented approach offers the advantage of saving computation time for full wave EM simulations. In addition, the electrical circuit depicting almost perfect characteristics for return loss and radiated power can be shared with antenna users without sharing the actual antenna structure in cases involving confidentiality limitations.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the long term effects of breast feeding on growth, bone development and nutrient intakes in preschool children. Subjects were 62 preschool children. Anthropometric characteristics and bone mineral density of carpus were measured using DEXA. The questionnaire was composed of health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes and was completed by the children's mothers. The average age of the boys was 62.4 months and that of the girls was 62.1 months. Average birth height and weight of the subjects was 50.9 cm and 3.4 kg for boys and 50.3 cm and 3.3 kg for girls, respectively. The average height, weight, $\%$ body fat, and obesity index were 111.7 cm, 19.6 kg, $15.0\%$, $-2.1\%$ in boys and 109.4 em, 18.7 kg, $17.5\%$, $0.2\%$ in girls, respectively. Forty children were fed colostrum, 21 were fed breast milk, 29 were fed formula, and 12 were fed mixed milk. There was no significant difference in growth status between children who were fed colostrum and those who were not. Children who had mixed feedings were significantly taller than those who did not (p <0.001), and children who had colostrum had significantly higher bone mineral density than those who did not ($0.25 \pm 0.04 g/ cm^2$ vs. $0.23 \pm 0.04 g/cm^2$, p < 0.05). However, the different feeding methods did not show any difference in bone mineral density. Except vitamin $B_6$, folic acid and vitamin E, vitamin, mineral and calorie intakes did not meet the Korean RDAs. Calcium intake was especially lower than recommendations by as much as $62\%$ and $70\%$ in boys and girls, respectively. There was no significant difference in nutrient intakes between children who had colostrum and those who did not. However, children who were formula consumed significantly more animal fat than those who did not (p < 0.05). Neonatal feeding and breast or formula feeding seems to associate with height, bone mineral density and animal fat intakes in preschool children, based on the results of this study. A longitudinal study is needed to clarify this relationship.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 1972

For the development of acoustic fishing method, the noises of fishes have been recorded and analy/'ed by many scientists. Some specimens of fishes were selected as such Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idellus Carassius carassius, and pagrosol1ms major in this experiment. The noises such as feeding noise, driving away noise, jumping noise and fi llip noise were recorded by the tape recorder, Sony Model 262, through the underwa te r microph I one, Oki ST 6582, and analyzed in frequencies bv octave band analyzer, Rion SA-55, and sound pressure level of source by sound level meter, Rion NA-opNN The supplied feed was placed within 5em apart from the hydrophone. The result of analyzed noises were as follow. Cyprinus carjJio; Feeding noise 250- 500 cps, 92- 99 dB Driving away noise 125-2, 000 eps, 101-112 dB Jumping noise 125-2, 000 eps, 99-116.5 dB Ctenopharyngodon idcllus; Driving away noise 125-1, 000 cps, 96-109 dB Carassius carassius; Feeding noise 250- 500 cps, 91. 5- 99.5 dB Driving away noise 125-1, 000 eps, 99-108 dB Carassius auratus Feeding noise 250 eps, 94-101 dB Driving away noise 125-1, 000 cps, 98-110 dB Pagrosomus major Feeding noise 230-500 cps, 90-101 dB Fillip noise 500 cps, 98-108 dB (1) Feeding noise was produced as like as snap noise of twig and gulping down saliva noise in human and dominant frequency range of the noise is 250-500 cps and noise level 90-101 dB. (2) It was found that feeding noise were not a monotonic but a complex tones though fish took the same food. (3) Driving away noise was produced not so keen and the wave form of the noise is rising very sharp and big amplitude in the oscillograph. Dominant frequency range of this noise was about 150-1, 000 cps and noise level 96-112 dB except thut of carp. (4) The frequency of snapper's fillip noise, when it produced by caudal fin in swimming at the surface of water, was 500 cps and noise level 93-108 dB snd that of jumping noise of carp about 150-2, 000 cps and noise level 99-116.5 dB.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.403-409
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• 1993

In this paper, an $NH_3$, added during dry oxidation and annealing m Si( 111) is clarified effect ive to suppress or remove defects. Annealing effects in $N_2$ and $NH_3/N_2$ ambient are estimated with dry $O_2$ and $NH_4$ oxidation($NH_3$ added in dry $O_2$ oxidation) method. C;em'rated defects in dry $O_2$ oxidation are lengthened according to oxidation time. but any defects in $NH_3$ oxidation are not found. Dry oxidation, after $NH_3$ oxidation as an initial oxidation. lias the defect -removing effect at the interface of Si -$SiO_2$. After dry or $NH_3$. oxidation. the annealmg 7.5% $NH_3/N_2$ ambient brings out gettering effect of OSF. The annealing in 7.5% $NH_3/N_2$ ambient for NI L oxidation method decreaSE,s $NH_3$ length of OSF about 20 % compared with dry oxidation method. Tlw feature of OSF is pit type, the gettering is directed to (011) plane for (111) plane. and OSFs are etched following to 110) directIon.