• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2019

This study aimed to identify the model fit of various versions of Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS) developed for measuring quantitatively the attitude toward doping and to provide the information on Korean version of PEAS. One hundred and eighty elite athletic players participated in this study and they filled out 17 items PEAS under the supervision. And 17 items, 11 items, 9 items, 8 items and 6 items PEAS were analyzed by using confirmatory factor analysis. The result of this study showed that an 8 items PEAS was fit for Korean elite athletic players, and a 6 items PEAS was for adolescents, but insignificant. Therefore, further studies of the relationship between psychosocial factors and attitudes toward doping by using 8-items PEAS would provide precise and useful information for developing anti-doping strategy.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.127-138
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop sports ethics consciousness scale for preventing fixing game, based on foreign data but considering the actual conditions of Korea. Respondents were elite sports athletes from D-city. This study was conducted on 304 elite sports athletes from middle, high school and college students selected by purposeful sampling, for three months from May to July 2018. In the date analysis stage, the descriptive statistic analysis was performed for understanding the item characteristic and the internal consistency coefficient(α), the exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis were perforned for analysing the credibility, the validity. There were five sub-factors of sports ethics consciousness scale, consisting of ethics of autonomy, ethics of collectivism, ethics of common good, ethics of dignity, and ethics of productivity, which were identified through 23 questions. It was proved that the scale have enough suitability (χ2=420.151, df=220, p=.000, GFI=.996, NFI=.979, TLI=.960, CFI=.978, RMSEA=.055).

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.10-16
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• 2021

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to (i) assess hydration levels in elite male football players during a national team training camp before and during qualifying matches, (ii) evaluate the effect of coaching strategies for hydration based on feedback from hydration monitoring, and (iii) assess possible relationships between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Methods] Thirty-one male players (age 27±4 yrs; height 185±6 cm; weight 82.9±6.7 kg; body fat 10.4±2.3%) representing a national team from the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) participated. The players were studied during three different national team training camps related to the UEFA Nations League tournament. Urine specific gravity (U_SG) was measured to assess hydration status. During all camps, the players were actively coached on improving strategies for hydration and given individual feedback on their test results. The training load was measured using GPS technology, and wellness questionnaires were completed. [Results] U_SG decreased progressively and significantly (p<0.005) during camp 1 and hydration status improved over the three camps, with fewer dehydrated and more well-hydrated players identified during the last part of camp 3. Significantly (p<0.05) higher U_SG values were observed 2 days prior to a match (MD-2) than on match day (MD); consequently, 52% of the players were dehydrated on MD-2 and only 6% on MD. No correlations were observed between hydration status and training load or wellness markers. [Conclusion] Dehydration is a challenge in elite male football, but continuous monitoring of hydration status and coaching on hydration strategies can lead to major improvements and reduce the degree of dehydration.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to verify the differences in muscle characteristics of elite level swimmers before and after a 2-hour practice session. Method: The study was conducted on 15 elite swimmers. Preliminary measurements for each muscle (Anterior Deltoid, Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris) were taken using the MyotonPRO device before training. After approximately 2 hours of training, the same muscle areas were measured again. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and two-way 2×2 RG·RM ANOVA, and all statistical significance levels were set at α=.05. Results: After analyzing the characteristics of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) before and after training in both proficiency level swimmers (excellent, non-excellent), it was found that the interaction effect of group X repetition in muscle tension (F), muscle stiffness (S), and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Secondly, in the analysis of the Biceps Brachii (BB), the main effect of repetition in muscle tension (F), muscle stiffness (S), and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Furthermore, the interaction effect of group X repetition in muscle stiffness (S) and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Conclusion: The efficient use of FCU and BB suggests that it is an important factor distinguishing the performance of excellent and non-excellent swimmers in swimming. Therefore, if we develop and apply measures to efficiently utilize FCU and BB during training, it can help improve the performance of the athletes.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to investigate 1) the nutritional knowledge, 2) the use of nutritional supplements, and 3) nutrient intakes of male elite bodybuilders (n=20). Participants carried out a comprehensive survey, anthropometric assessment, and 1 day food record. Daily nutrient intakes of the subjects were analyzed using Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program (Can-pro 3.0). The mean age of the subjects was 23.4 years. The mean duration of exercise was 5.3 years. The average scores of nutritional knowledge were 71.0%. The subjects were gathered nutrition information from nutrition book (65%), mass communication (50%), friends (50%) and coach (30%) in order. Ninety percentage of the subjects reported that they were taking nutritional supplements. Major reasons for taking nutritional supplements were to improve performance and to build-up muscle. The most frequently taken nutritional supplements were protein powder (85%), multivitamin/mineral (75%), BCAA (60%) and glutamine (55%) in order. The average daily energy intakes of the subjects were 4,248.7 kcal. The mean intake of protein was 370.3 g/day (3.93 g/kg BW). The ratio of total energy intake from carbohydrate, protein and lipid was 51 : 34 : 15. The intakes of most vitamin and minerals through food and nutrition supplements were much higher than those of each nutrient of the RDAs. Especially, vitamin B complex and vitamin C intakes were ranged from 500 to 3,000% of KNHNES. More research needs to be conducted to determine the optimal amounts of carbohydrates, protein, lipid and micro-nutrients for the bodybuilders.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

This study aimed to provide knowledge helpful for understanding voice problems related to occupations in the clinical field through an investigation and comparison of subjective vocal symptoms of 12 professional actors and 12 speech-language pathologists Among the 11 symptoms, "Difficulty with high pitch when singing," "Hypertension in the neck when speaking," and "Feel voice fatigue" were the most frequent symptoms in both groups. Additionally, the professional voice users reported a higher frequency of "Difficulty with high pitch when singing" (p=.049), "Hoarse voice" (p=.021), "Difficulty (requiring effort) when speaking" (p=.032), "Pain in the neck when speaking" (p=.009), and "Feel vocal fatigue" (p=.018) than the elite vocal performer group. This may be due to the different voice-related environments and differences in voice demands during occupational activities between the two groups.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how the movements occurring during the follow-through phase after releasing an arrow among elite compound archers, are associated with the arrow impact points on the target. Method: Nine elite archers performed consecutive compound archery shooting under conditions identical to actual competitions using their own bows and equipment. Motion capture system and force platform were utilized to record the changes in joint positions and center of pressure, respectively. Principal component analysis was employed to identify the patterns in which multidimensional joint positions and COP changes were organized with horizontal and vertical coordinates of arrow impact points. Subsequently, correlation analysis quantified the relationship between individual variables and the coordinates of arrow impacts on the target. Results: We found a common organizational pattern in which the two axes of the impact point coordinates were grouped into the first two principal components. The movements of the upper and lower limbs following release exhibited opposite patterns in the anterior-posterior axis, with significant correlations observed between the arrow impact points of the horizontal axis and the left shoulder, right elbow, left hip, and both knees. Additionally, the lateral movements induced by the reaction force upon arrow release showed significant associations with the vertical coordinates of the impact points. Particularly, the correlations between the movements of the left shoulder and elbow, as well as the bilateral hip and right knee, were consistently observed among all participants. Conclusion: These findings implied that the post-release movements could significantly influence the trajectory and impact points of the arrows in compound archery. We suggest that a consistent and controlled movement during the follow-through phase may be more beneficial for optimizing shooting accuracy and precision rather than minimizing movements.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.141-173
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• 2018

In this article, we explore how artistic fame is formed by analyzing antecedents of fame the extent to which the name of an actor or his/her work is positively known by his/her audiences among Korean handicraft artists. Drawing on prior literature on reputation and fame, we clarify the differences between the concept of reputation and the concept of fame and further distinguish three types of reputation among individual artists, depending on its sources expert reputation, market reputation, and peer reputation. We employ the mixed method in this study, in which we first conducted open-end interviews with three kinds of constituents (i.e., critics, market intermediaries, and artists) and then developed and tested the hypotheses derived from the insights we had obtained from the interviews. We further considered the impact of reputational work, defined as the level of effort devoted and activities performed by an artist him(her)self geared toward promoting his(her) work, on artistic fame. We find that there are large differences in factors associated with artistic fame between non elite and elite Korean handicraft artist groups, where elite status is captured by artists' educational background (i.e., Seoul National University and Hongik University, which are considered elite schools in accordance with prior research). Specifically, findings suggest that among non elite status artists, recognition by experts, or what we call expert reputation, acquired through national awards and invitations from prominent exhibitions as well as artists' own reputational work that incurs high cost, such as self-financed exhibition openings, were shown to be highly significant factors associated with artistic fame, which was measured as the number of media exposures related to her/his art work. By contrast, among elite status artists, peer reputation acquired through an artist's institutional affiliations and relatively low cost artists' own reputational work, such as self listing on a highly publicized magazine, were shown to be significant factors associated with fame. Taken together, this paper contributes to research on cultural industries and markets by highlighting the importance of understanding artistic fame not just as the outcome of her/his talent but as the social product that arises at the intersection of actors (artists) and her/his audiences in the social evaluation process.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.276-282
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of 8-weeks hip muscle training on the hip joint abductor muscle isokinetic strength and foot pressure distribution in elite players with chronic ankle instability (N=19). A total of 19 subjects had chronic ankle instability from at least 2 ankle sprains, and were given 8-weeks hip muscle training exercise. The hip muscle strength of the elite players with chronic ankle instability increased significantly, but the foot pressure distribution and ratio of the foot pressure distribution of the elite players with chronic ankle instability did not reach statistical significance and the ratio of the foot pressure distribution showed a similar trend. These results suggest that the strength and foot pressure distribution of the affected-side might increase to that of the unaffected-side. The 8-weeks hip muscle training helped improve the chronic ankle instability of the elite players. Therefore, the hip muscle strength and foot pressure distribution are the primary factors of a rehabilitation program on ankle sprains.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.32
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• pp.295-332
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• 2006

This study inquires at behavior and attitude of gatekeepers at major Korean media in the process of selecting and covering newsmakers, with focusing on factors, paths and practices in making news on the people. The study assumes that gatekeepers' social networking process with social elites, based on birth places, alma mater and kinship, plays great role in making people in the news. The study applies methods of in-depth interviews with people-page gatekeepers and content analysis of news on newsmakers. The in-depth interviews and content analysis unveil that people-page gatekeepers tend to support high society and social elite group. Furthermore, through the process of news-making, the gatekeeper group shares social capital such as economic exchanges and socio-political influences with social elite group. The result of interviews and analysis confirm that social networking based on personal affiliation plays as an important factor in selecting and covering newsmakers. With in-depth analysis of news contents, the study finds out that social elite groups of top government officials, corporate CEOs, medical doctors, lawyers, judges, prosecutors, college professors, cultural celebrities and journalists, who are predominantly male, appear on people pages much frequently out of proportion. The content analysis also reveal that 'personal news,' which cover personal and private life or unilaterally promote newsmakers predominate in terms of frequency and amount over socially-important or pubic-interested 'public news.' In terms of news values, fragmentary news composed of sensational, personal and gossiping elements appear more frequently than socially-meaningful news with strong social issues and public messages.