• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.91-106
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to prepare a proposal for desired changes in the laws and regulations system of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) about cultural assets preservation. The related Korean regulatory system and literature for EIA have been surveyed and case studies have been analyzed and actual cases where cultural assets protection were of issue have been studied to deduce the problems of those areas. Based on the result of this study, proposed changes are as follows; 1. "Status of cultural Assets" is to be included as common assessment factor for all categories of object projects in "Table 2: Essential Assessment Factors for Individual Project Category" of "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 2. "Status of Underground Cultural Assets and Potential Underground Cultural Assets" is to be inserted as a survey factor in "Table 3:Format of and Instruction for Impact Statement". 3. The clause of "-- the survey should be performed on-site and the investigation report should be submitted." is to be inserted in methods of survey in "Table 3". 4. Ground survey of cultural assets should be performed prior to completion of project planning, that is, from the stage of pre-study for site selection. 5. The application of impact abatement from "Methods and Plants for Impacts Abatement" of "Report for Development of EIA Statement Technologies" should be included, with proper modification of timing, in "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 6. The expense liability clause in "Cultural Assets Preservation Act" is to be revised as "a certain ratio of expenses for excavation should be borne by the government." 7. Regulatory device for collecting appropriate opinions should be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion. be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.226-240
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• 2022

Local governments over a certain size in Republic of Korea may conduct Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) considering regional characteristics if it is necessary, in accordance with Article 42 of the 「Environmental Impact Assessment Act」. However, it was investigated that the number of local government EIA operation in many local governments was less than initial expectations. In order to improve it, the status of ordinances and consultation guidelines which are different for each local government need to be compared, and the institutional issues forthe relevant local governments must be found considering regional characteristics. Furthermore, detailed regulation and guidance on the local government EIA procedure should be included in the consultation guidelines and related information need to be provided. In this study, focusing on the case of Incheon Metropolitan City, the status of local government EIA ordinances in metropolitan cities and provinces with a similar condition was investigated, and the types and scope of target projects were compared and analyzed. In addition, consultation guidelines forIncheon Metropolitan City were written, and improvements on the procedure flow and overall schedule designation derived from the process were presented. In the case of Incheon Metropolitan City, there were no detailed information officially announced regarding the regulations of the local government EIA ordinance and follow-up management, so the administrative system of the local government needed to be reinforced in this field. Meanwhile, considering the status of local environment and geography, some target project types were deemed necessary to be added: port construction projects, water resource development projects, railroad construction projects, and military facilities installation projects. The results of this study will provide useful information to local governments which want to improve their operation effectiveness by reorganizing the local government EIA system and preparing specific guidelines.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2016

This study suggests direction of new ordinance establishment for the future national application of Low Impact Development(LID) by analyzing current LID-related regulations of local governments, substantial agents to install and maintain a facility, through qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Four key words related to LID were derived from advisory conference and then ninety nine ordinances as the LID-related regulations were extracted to analyze. The study shows that rainwater-related ordinance passed in the middle of 2000s are being merely converted to the law on the promotion and support of water reuse. Regulations on water cycle and LID exist only in three cities nationwide(Seoul City, Suwon City and Namangju City). Interview with administrators of three cities to have LID-related regulations revealed following results. First, both rainwater and water reuse related regulations have not considered regional characteristics such as rainfall intensity, effects of impervious and merely followed guidelines by Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs. Second, existing ordinance is confined to specific facilities and thus cannot include the concept of LID which covers land and space utilization. Therefore, for proper application of LID, this study proposes issue of ordinance that resembles Seoul City ordinance and a new guideline that can reflect regional characteristics such as rainfall and location.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2023

In the Republic of Korea, the target project scope of the small-scale EIA is stipulated as the plan area above around 5,000~60,000m² depending on a type of project and classification of land use. Whereas, the lower limit of the corresponding local government EIA project is generally located above the small-scale EIA's limits, and overlapping ranges exist. This situation has been enlarged since road construction and district unit planning were included as the target projects for small-scale EIA in the "Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Impact Assessment Act", which was partially revised in November 2016, and the current consultation system needed discussion in that small-scale EIA is allowed to be done without gathering review opinions at the local level. In fact, projects subjected to local government EIA but consulted as small-scale EIAs may seem insignificant because of a small number of total cases; however, it is worth paying attention to the fact that a local government may not add a target project due to the small-scale EIA. This study suggested the three policy measures for improving small-scale EIA to enhance the effectiveness of local government EIA: supplementing the institutional arrangements to incorporate the review opinion from the local region in small-scale EIA, giving priority to local EIA for conducing the projects in overlapping ranges with partial amendments on EIA law regarding exceptions to local government EIA, including small target projects (not to be small-scale EIA targets) to the ordinance that are deemed necessary to be conducted as local government EIA. Even though a positive function of small-scale EIA has been confirmed, efforts should be made to improve the situation in which many projects within local governments are consulted without review from the region.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.113-128
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• 2014

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has the natural assets resulting in UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve, World Heritage Listed and World Geopark Certification, so the principle of 'Conservation First Development Later' has been set up for the vision of environmental policy to preserve these assets. This case study has been carried out to investigate the realization of the principle of 'Conservation First Development Later' for the development projects performed environmental impact assessment from 1994 to 2012 in Jeju Province, using geographic information systems(GIS). The Jeju Province has its own ordinance to consult and operate an environmental impact assessment(EIA) system. In particular, the conservation area, such as, Absolute/Relative Conservation Area and Underground Water, Ecosystem and View Conservation Zone, has been assigned and managed specially to conserve the natural environment. The 179 projects has been performed EIA for last 18 years in Jeju Province, and then the Absolute Conservation Area has been included in 22 projects and the Relative Conservation Area has been included in 34 projects. However, the 2 projects only have included the Absolute Conservation Area for 7 years after 2005. This result suggests that the application of the principle for the Absolute Conservation Area is strengthened gradually. On the other hand, the 17 projects and the 24 projects have included the Underground Water Conservation Zone assigned grade 1 and 2, respectively, and the number has been increasing after 2004. The results show that it needs to strengthen the application of the principle for this Zone. And the Ecosystem Conservation Zone assigned grade 1 and 2 have been included in 1 project and 9 projects, respectively. It is considered from this result that the principle is realized successfully for the Ecosystem Conservation Zone. In addition, it could be known that the principle is applied well for the View Conservation Zone, in this study.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.299-311
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate and analyze the designation status of the Local Wildlife Conservation Ordinance for the conservation and management of wild fauna and flora, and to elucidate the problems and improvement directions. We compared and analyzed the provisions of the wildlife conservation ordinance of 17 regional local governments. After that,the designation status of Wildlife Protected by City/Do was investigated and the appropriateness was confirmed based on guidelines and laws. The ordinances related to wildlife were enacted in all municipalities, and provisions such as selection criteria, protection measures, and act limitations were commonly reflected. The provisions were varied depending on the characteristics of each local government, including details of flag species, the addition of species in the restoration promotion plan as criteria for selection and provision of protection and restoration of habitats. Since 2006, when the wildlife protected by City/Do designation and protection guidelines have been established, the protected wildlife have increased sharply, and there has been newly designated regional local government within the past one or two years. However, in some local government, protected wildlife has been designated for more than 10 years, and there are many that do not meet the selection criteria. Therefore, more scientific and objective selection criteria and methods should be constructed for the selection of species suitable for the purpose of the Wildlife protected by City/Do.