• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.861-867
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• 2008

Purpose : We carried out this study to determine if there is any difference in the occurrence rate of the epileptiform discharge between awake EEG and sleep EEG and if there are any factors influencing on the occurrence rate of EEG. Methods : This study included 178 epileptic children who had visited neurology clinic of the department of pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital from July 2005 to July 2006. The medical and EEG records of these children who had had both awake EEG and sleep EEG were reviewed. We analysed the occurrence rate of the epileptiform discharge between awake EEG and sleep EEG. We investigated the related clinical factors which included sex, seizure types, underlying causes, age at first seizure, antiepileptic drug (AED) medication, age at recording, and background activity. Results : Among 178 epileptic children, 91 patients (51.1%) showed epileptiform discharge in awake or sleep states, 10 patients (11.0%) abnormal only in awake, 40 patients (44.0%) abnormal only in sleep, 41 patients (45.0%) abnormal in both awake EEG and sleep EEG. The occurrence rate of sleep EEG was 81 of 178 patients (45.5%) which was more than that of the awake EEG (28.7%) (P<0.001). The occurrence rate of sleep EEG is more than that of the awake EEG regardless of sex and underlying causes. But there is no significant difference from awake EEG and sleep EEG in finding the epileptiform discharge in the patient with generalized seizure, younger than 5 years old at first seizure, younger than 10 years old at recording, no antiepileptic medication, and abnormal background activity. Conclusion : The sleep EEG is thought to be more helpful in the diagnosis of childhood epilepsy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.107-117
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• 2017

This study examined the conditional indirect effect of EEG (electroencephalogram) arousal on the relationship among affective valence, visual attention, perceived self-relevance, and attitudes toward campaign issues in the context of public service announcements (PSAs). Using SPSS macro (No. 14) of conditional process model, the findings in this current study indicated that the perceived self-relevance mediates the relationship between affective valence of PSA and attitudes toward issues and, in turn, is moderated by EEG arousal, indicating goodness-of-fit of the moderated mediation of psychophysiological arousal on PSAs. The results suggested that management of PSAs should be considered the strategic combination between affective valence and perceived self-relevance in advertising appeals.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

This study proposed a Long-Short Term Memory network to consider changes in emotion over time, and applied an attention mechanism to give weights to the emotion states that appear at specific moments. We used 32 channel EEG data from DEAP database. A 2-level classification (Low and High) experiment and a 3-level classification experiment (Low, Middle, and High) were performed on Valence and Arousal emotion model. As a result, accuracy of the 2-level classification experiment was 90.1% for Valence and 88.1% for Arousal. The accuracy of 3-level classification was 83.5% for Valence and 82.5% for Arousal.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.100-107
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• 2003

Objectives: Periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) might be subdivided based upon whether or not they are associated with visible EEG microarousals (MA). MA is considered to be responsible for nonrestorative sleep and daytime fatigue. The American Sleep Disorders Association's (ASDA) scoring rules for MA based on visual analysis of the EEG changes suggest that MA should last more than 3 seconds. However, it has been suggested that visual analysis may not detect some changes in EEG activity. This study is aimed at measuring changes in EEG spectra during PLMS without MA in order to better understand the arousing response of PLMS. Methods: Ten drug-free patients (three men and seven women) diagnosed with PLMS by polysomnography were studied. Spectral analysis of the EEG was performed in each patient on 30 episodes of PLMS without MA, chosen randomly across the night in stage 2 non-REM sleep. We applied stricter criteria for MA compared to ASDA, by defining it as a return to alpha and theta frequency lasting at least 1 second. Results: The mean PLMS index was $16.7{\pm}10.0$. The mean PLMS duration was $1.3{\pm}0.7$ seconds. Comparison of 4-second EEG activity both before and after the onset of PLMS without MA using independent t-test showed that the movements were associated with significant increase of relative activity in the delta band (p=0.000) and significant decrease of activity in the alpha (p=0.01) and sigma (p=0.000) bands. No significant decrease in the theta (p=0.05), beta (p=0.129), or gamma (p=0.062) bands was found. Conclusion: PLMS without MA was found to be associated with EEG change characterized by increase in the delta frequency band. This finding seems to be compatible with the hypothesis of an integrative hierarchy of arousal responses of Sforza's. Considering that the subjects had lower PLMS index and shorter PLMS duration than those of the previous study, it is suggested that an even less severe form of PLMS without MA could induce neurophysiologic change, which may potentially be of clinical significance.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.220-225
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• 1997

졸음에 의한 순간적 과오는 자동차운전을 비롯한 각종 산업안전에 인명피해를 포함하는 치명적 손실 을 수반한다. 따라서 이분야에 대한 연구가 국내를 포함한 전세계에서 활발히 진행되어 상업화가 추진 중이다. 그러나 이러한 연구는 실용적 차원에서 주로 피부전기활동(Electrodermal Activity: EDA)과 눈 깜박임 등의 측정방법에 의존하고 있으며 졸음의 첫 지시치로서 중요하고 객관적인 각성-졸음 과도기 뇌파를 포함하는 수면 다원생리신호 측정에 관한 연구는 이 방법이 피험자에게 구속성을 주고 측정 자체가 까다로워서 현실적으로어려운 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 그 동안 Medilog SAC847 Polysomnography를 이용한 수면에 관련된 종합적 생리신호를 측정.분석 연구해온 경험을 토대로 정상적인 성인의 각성-졸음 과도기 생리신호특징으로서 뇌전도(Electroencephalogram:EEG), 턱 및 다리근전도(Electromyogram:EMG), 심전도( Electrocardiogram:ECG), 안전도(Electrooculogram:EOG) 등을 종합적으로 분석한 결과 졸음상태가 각성상 태에 비하여 EEG의 주파수는 감소하고, EMG와 ECG의 진폭은 줄어들고, EOG에서는 느린 안구운동의 특징을 갖는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.30-36
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• 1995

One of principal causes of car accidents is low arousal level of driver. Drivers arrive their destination under an appropriate arousal level. Basic research was done to develop a portable arousal monitor and to evaluate the arousal level of drivers. An arousal monitor which can simulantaneously measure the skin impedance change and EEG was designed and tested. The relationship among three parameters was studied and was used to determine the index of skin impedance level depending on arousal level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.396-400
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• 1999

인간의 감성은 다차원적 감정으로 이루어져 있다. 본 연구는 감성의 2차원 구조를 근거로 쾌-불쾌, 각성-이완 2차원적 감성을 생리신호로 분류하고자 하였다. 20명 남녀 대학생을 참가시켜 자극을 2차원 감성자극(쾌(펜디향수), 불쾌(에탄올), 각성(싸이렌), 이완(가요))으로 정의하고, 2*2 자극제시로 감성을 유발하였다. 26명의 남녀대학생을 실험에 참가시켜 4가지 감성을 유발하여, 측정한 생리신호로는 중추신경계의 활동을 나타내는 EEG(f3, p3, f4, p4)를 측정하였으며, 자율신경계의 활동을 나타내는 ECG(lead II), GSR, SKT를 측정하였다. 각각의 측정한 신호들에 대한 t-test를 실시하여 유의성 있는 변수를 추출하였으며 추출된 변수는 EEG의 f3(beta), p3(delta, beta), f4(delta), p4(alpha), HRV의 HF, HF/LF, GSR의 rising time이었으며 2차원 감성을 분류하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.46-53
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• 2001

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 2015

Presence, flow, and arousal are interesting user experiences provided by video and people's demand for media which responds to personal interest is getting strong. This research compares video watching and game play by conducting a survey and measuring brain wave to find out the difference of those user experiences in the two media. As a result, all the three user experiences were proved to be significantly higher in game play than video watching. And those EEG frequencies which are known to be related to the state of flow were also measured higher scalp distribution of the game play group. Finally, presence, arousal, and EEG(${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$) were found to have influence on the flow state in game play. This research is intended to prove above relations by experiment and make a contribution to the theoretical and methodological improvement in the related area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.107-110
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 EEG를 이용하여 정신집중 시, 뇌 기능의 변화를 알아보았다. 실험은 건강한 남녀 고교생 9명을 대상으로 EEG는 Fp1. Fp2, F3, F4, P3, P4, T5, T6, O1, O2의 10위치에 대하여 정신집중 작업 진의 3분과 작업 시 30분간을 측정하였다. 작업은 PC를 이용하였으며 모니터 상의 움직임에 집중하고 목표자극을 탐지하였을 때 신속하게 적절한 반응키를 누르도록 하였다. 각 주파수 대역은 theta2와 (6.0-8.0Hz), alpha1파 (8.0-10.0Hz), alpha2파(10.0-12.0Hz)로 구분하였으며 비대칭지수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 정신집중 작업 시 theta1, theta2, alpha1대역에서 두정엽의 우반구과 측두엽 및 후두엽의 좌반구영역이 우세하였다. 이들 영역은 시갈, 지각, 움직임 기능을 수행하며 theta2파가 주의, alpha1파가 각성 관련이다. 이상의 결과에서 두정엽의 우반구와 측두엽 및 후두엽의 좌반구영역의 theta1파, theta2파, alpha1파가 정신집중 작업 시 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 나타났다.